Language/Abkhazian/Vocabulary/Numbers-and-Counting-in-Abkhazian
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In this Abkhazian lesson, we will focus on one of the most important aspects of language learning: numbers and counting. Knowing how to count in Abkhazian will enable you to interact with locals, make purchases, and navigate everyday situations with ease. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to count from 0 to 100 in Abkhazian and use numbers in practical conversations. Let's get started!
Cardinal Numbers
Abkhazian cardinal numbers indicate quantity or amount. Here is a list of cardinal numbers in Abkhazian from 0 to 100:
| Abkhazian | Pronunciation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| аҧшаара | ap'shaara | zero |
| аҧаза | ap'aza | one |
| рҟьа | rʷa | two |
| аҟым | akym | three |
| аҧҷьа | ap'chʷa | four |
| акыш | akysh | five |
| ахәа | akhəa | six |
| амчық | amchyq | seven |
| атәыҧ | atəyp | eight |
| афыц | afyts | nine |
| аҳәам | ahəam | ten |
| аҳәыҟ | ahəək | eleven |
| аҳәықҵ | ahəəҟʷ | twelve |
| аҳәыҧәа | ahəypʷa | thirteen |
| аҳәамчра | ahəamchra | fourteen |
| аҳәыҷәа | ahəyjʷa | fifteen |
| аҳәамшәа | ahəamshʷa | sixteen |
| аҳәамчықәа | ahəamchyqa | seventeen |
| аҳәыҧәа | ahəypʷa | eighteen |
| аҳәамфыцәа | ahəamfytsəa | nineteen |
| рахәа | rakhəa | twenty |
| раҟны | rağny | thirty |
| рҟқыл | rʷqyl | forty |
| рқҟам | rqkam | fifty |
| рҟқамш | rqkamsh | sixty |
| раҟцәа | rağtsəa | seventy |
| рахәыҧ | rakhəyp | eighty |
| рахамфыц | rahamfyts | ninety |
| рапәӡшь | rapəʒʷ | one hundred |
Note that the numbers 11 to 19 in Abkhazian are formed by combining the digits 1 to 9 with the word for ten (аҳәам). For example, 11 is аҳәыҟ (ahəək), which means "ten one" or "one and ten." Twenty and above are formed by starting with the word for the tens digit (ра- for 20, раҟ- for 30, рҟқ- for 40, etc.) and then adding the units digit.
Here are some examples of how to use cardinal numbers in Abkhazian:
- Аҧазаны лақаара иуара рцәа. (ap'azany laqaara iuara rtsəa.) - One cat and two dogs.
- Цәыҧқәа аҳәа. (tsəypqəa ahəa.) - There are ten students.
- Рҟьаны аҟым иҟоу шәқәа. (rʷany akym ikou shəqəa.) - Two women are eating bread.
Ordinal Numbers
Ordinal numbers in Abkhazian indicate the order of things or people in a sequence. They are formed by adding the suffix -әӡәа (-ʒʷa) to the cardinal number, except for 1st (апҵәа, apcwa) and 2nd (раҟныҭоу, rağnythou), which have irregular forms. Here are some examples:
| Abkhazian | Pronunciation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|
| апҵәа | apcwa | first |
| раҟныҭоу | rağnythou | second |
| рҟьақәа | rʷaqwa | third |
| аҟымҷәа | akymjʷa | fourth |
| аҧҷьақәа | ap'chʷaqwa | fifth |
| акышәаӡәа | akyshʷaʒʷa | sixth |
| ахәақәа | akhəaqwa | seventh |
| амчықҷәа | amchyqjʷa | eighth |
| атәыҧкәа | atəypkwa | ninth |
| афыцәаӡәа | afytsʷaʒʷa | tenth |
And here are some examples of how to use ordinal numbers:
- Аҧҷьақәа аҷцәа рҷҟныҭоуэ. (ap'chʷaqwa aʒtsa rʒğnythoue.) - The fifth book on the shelf.
- Афыцәаӡәа апсшәы рааҟәац. (afytsʷaʒʷa apsshy raaqwaç.) - The tenth day of the month.
- Раҟныҭоу ҳҭыҧ ҭаҧшараҩара рҷҟҭам. (rağnythou htəp' t'ap'sharapʷara rʒqtham.) - The second floor is on level two.
Counting Objects and People
To count objects or people, you can use the appropriate cardinal number followed by the noun in the appropriate case. For example:
- аҧаза афыцәаӡәа (ap'aza afytsʷaʒʷa) - one book
- рҟьа раҟа (rʷa rağa) - two houses
- аҧҷьа рқҟамцәа (ap'chʷa rqkamtsəa) - four cars
If the noun is plural, use the plural form of the cardinal number:
- рҟьақәа амчыққәа (rʷaqwa amchyqjʷa) - third children
- акышәа цәыҧырҳәара (akyshʷa tsəypyrhʷara) - six books
Exercises
Now that you know how to count in Abkhazian, try the following exercises to practice your skills:
- Count from 1 to 20 in