Language/Northern-kurdish/Grammar/Future-Tense
Hi Northern Kurdish learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will learn about the future tense in Northern Kurdish. We will study how to form and use the future tense, and provide you with lots of examples and cultural information to help you understand.
Introduction
The future tense is used to talk about events or actions that will happen in the future. In Northern Kurdish, we use different verb endings to create the future tense. We will explore these endings and provide examples to help you understand.
Forming the Future Tense
In Northern Kurdish, we can form the future tense by adding the following endings to the verb stems:
| Verb | Future Tense Ending | Example |
|---|---|---|
| nauzin (to read) | -kê | Ez nêzîkê akamê bûma. (I will read a book.) |
| diçin (to go) | -ê | Ez dê derbasî bazarê bikim. (I will go to the market.) |
| dibêjin (to say) | -in | Tu wisa dibêjîn. (You will say it like that.) |
| dinasin (to know) | -n | Em nêzîkê wan in. (We know them.) |
As you can see, the future tense endings differ depending on the verb stems. It is important to learn these correctly in order to use the future tense accurately.
Using the Future Tense
The future tense is commonly used to talk about future plans or events. Here are some examples:
- Yarî dûr e, dê em derbasî wîjanî bimînin. (Tomorrow is far, we will visit our friends after tomorrow.)
- Şopandin û muzîk destpêkê saet 8-ê bûne. Dê şîrkên din bi saet 9-ê dest pê bikin. (The concert and music performances started at 8. Other songs will start at 9.)
- Ezê berê xwe li bistanê veşartim. (I will hike in the woods in advance.)
As with all languages, the context of a conversation will also dictate the use of the future tense.
Cultural Information
In Northern Kurdish culture, it is considered rude to arrive at a friend's house or event without giving advance notice. Therefore, it is common to use the future tense when making plans with friends or family.
For example:
- Em dêşta şevê vegerin. (We will return to the restaurant in the evening.)
- Dê em li seriya xwe biçin Ewropayê. (We will leave for Europe at the beginning of the month.)
Additionally, the future tense is used to express politeness in Northern Kurdish. For example, when making a request, the future tense can be used:
- Tu dê ez û te biaxivim? (Can we eat together?)
Dialogue
To further understand the future tense in Northern Kurdish, let's take a look at a conversation between two friends planning a trip:
- Person 1: Ez dê hûnê bikevin bajarê Ewrûpa. (I will go to Europe.)
- Person 2: Ma tu çima dixwazî jînê bikî? (Why do you want to go there?)
- Person 1: Ji ber ku ez ji wê welatê pir kêfxweş im, û hûn jî li wê derê xweş biaxivin. (Because I am very happy with that country, and you can also have a nice trip there.)
- Person 2: Bala min jî yek wisa bû. Dê em jiyan bikin. (I also thought about that, we will have fun.)
Sources
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