Language/Irish/Grammar/Pronouns

Irish Grammar - Pronouns

Hi Irish learners! 😊
In today's lesson, we will be discussing the basics of Irish grammar, with a focus on pronouns. Pronouns are an important part of any language, and understanding how to use them correctly is essential for speaking and writing in Irish. We'll look at the different types of pronouns, how they are used, and some examples of their usage.

Types of Pronouns

Pronouns can be divided into two main categories: personal pronouns and possessive pronouns. Personal pronouns refer to people or things, while possessive pronouns indicate ownership.

Personal Pronouns

Personal pronouns are used to refer to people or things. In Irish, there are three types of personal pronouns: singular, dual, and plural.

• Singular pronouns are used when referring to one person or thing. Examples include mé (I), tú (you), sé (he/it), sí (she/it).

• Dual pronouns are used when referring to two people or things. Examples include sinn (we two), sibh (you two), iad (they two).

• Plural pronouns are used when referring to more than two people or things. Examples include muid (we), sibh (you), siad (they).

Possessive Pronouns

Possessive pronouns are used to indicate ownership. In Irish, there are three types of possessive pronouns: singular, dual, and plural.

• Singular possessive pronouns are used when referring to one person or thing. Examples include mo (my), do (your), a (his/its), a (her/its).

• Dual possessive pronouns are used when referring to two people or things. Examples include ár (our two), bhur (your two), a (their two).

• Plural possessive pronouns are used when referring to more than two people or things. Examples include ár (our), bhur (your), a (their).

Usage

Pronouns are used in a variety of ways in Irish. They can be used as the subject of a sentence, the object of a sentence, or as a possessive pronoun.

• As the subject of a sentence, pronouns are used to refer to the person or thing performing the action. For example, "Mé féin é" (I am him).

• As the object of a sentence, pronouns are used to refer to the person or thing receiving the action. For example, "Tá sé agam" (I have it).

• As a possessive pronoun, pronouns are used to indicate ownership. For example, "Is mo chara é" (He is my friend).

Examples

Here are some examples of how pronouns are used in Irish:

• "Tá sí agam" (I have her).

• "Tá sinn ag obair" (We are working).

• "Tá sibh ag caint" (You are talking).

• "Tá siad ag léamh" (They are reading).

• "Is mo chara é" (He is my friend).

• "Is ár gcaraí iad" (They are our friends).

• "Is do charaí sibh" (You are their friends).

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