Language/Lithuanian/Grammar/Pronouns
Hi Lithuanian learners! 😊
In today's lesson, we will be discussing Lithuanian pronouns. Pronouns are words that can replace nouns in a sentence. They are used to make sentences shorter and easier to understand. In Lithuanian, there are several types of pronouns: personal, possessive, demonstrative, interrogative, and indefinite. Let's take a look at each one in more detail.
Personal Pronouns
Personal pronouns are used to refer to people or things. In Lithuanian, there are two sets of personal pronouns: subject pronouns and object pronouns.
Subject Pronouns
Subject pronouns are used when the pronoun is the subject of the sentence. For example:
- Aš (I)
- Tu (you)
- Jis/Ji (he/she)
- Mes (we)
- Jūs (you)
- Jie/Jos (they)
For example:
Aš einu į mokyklą. (I am going to school.)
Object Pronouns
Object pronouns are used when the pronoun is the object of the sentence. For example:
- Man (me)
- Tave (you)
- Jį/Ją (him/her)
- Mus (us)
- Jus (you)
- Juos/Jas (them)
For example:
Man reikia pagalbos. (I need help.)
Possessive Pronouns
Possessive pronouns are used to show possession or ownership. In Lithuanian, there are two sets of possessive pronouns: singular and plural.
Singular Possessive Pronouns
Singular possessive pronouns are used when the pronoun is referring to one person or thing. For example:
- Mano (my)
- Tavo (your)
- Jo/Jos (his/her)
For example:
Mano knyga yra labai gera. (My book is very good.)
Plural Possessive Pronouns
Plural possessive pronouns are used when the pronoun is referring to more than one person or thing. For example:
- Mūsų (our)
- Jūsų (your)
- Jų (their)
For example:
Mūsų namai yra dideli. (Our house is big.)
Demonstrative Pronouns
Demonstrative pronouns are used to point out people or things. In Lithuanian, there are two sets of demonstrative pronouns: singular and plural.
Singular Demonstrative Pronouns
Singular demonstrative pronouns are used when the pronoun is referring to one person or thing. For example:
- Šitas (this)
- Tas (that)
For example:
Šitas automobilis yra brangus. (This car is expensive.)
Plural Demonstrative Pronouns
Plural demonstrative pronouns are used when the pronoun is referring to more than one person or thing. For example:
- Šitie (these)
- Tie (those)
For example:
Šitie žmonės yra laimingi. (These people are happy.)
Interrogative Pronouns
Interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions. In Lithuanian, there are two sets of interrogative pronouns: singular and plural.
Singular Interrogative Pronouns
Singular interrogative pronouns are used when the pronoun is referring to one person or thing. For example:
- Kas (who)
- Ką (what)
For example:
Kas tu esi? (Who are you?)
Plural Interrogative Pronouns
Plural interrogative pronouns are used when the pronoun is referring to more than one person or thing. For example:
- Ką (what)
- Kuriuos (which)
For example:
Kuriuos žmones tu matė? (Which people did you see?)
Indefinite Pronouns
Indefinite pronouns are used to refer to people or things in a general way. In Lithuanian, there are two sets of indefinite pronouns: singular and plural.
Singular Indefinite Pronouns
Singular indefinite pronouns are used when the pronoun is referring to one person or thing. For example:
- Kažkas (someone)
- Ką nors (something)
For example:
Kažkas mane pamilo. (Someone loves me.)
Plural Indefinite Pronouns
Plural indefinite pronouns are used when the pronoun is referring to more than one person or thing. For example:
- Kažkas (someone)
- Ką nors (something)
For example:
Kažkas mus myli. (Someone loves us.)
If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.
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