Language/Multiple-languages/Grammar/Various-word-orders-in-various-languages
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This lesson is about word orders, which can be mainly divided into six types, with small differences inside each type. Here are some examples.
S means subject, O means object, V means verb.
SOV and SVO are the most popular, accounting for about 4/10 each.
There can be more than one order in a language, the listed are just the most common cases.
Note that some languages omit first person singular, some indicate the person with conjugation of verbs.
Example sentence 1 has a subject, a verb and a direct object.
Example sentence 2 has a subject, a verb, a direct object and an indirect object.
Example sentence 3 has a subject and a verb.
| SOV Language | Example sentence 1 | Example sentence 2 | Example sentence 3 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Japanese | 私は建物を見る。 | 私は彼にペンを与えた。 | 彼女が行きます。 |
| Korean | 나는 건물을 본다. | 나는 그에게 펜을 줬다. | 그녀가 갈거야 . |
| Persian | .من یک ساختمان را می بینم | .من یک قلم به او دادم | .او خواهد رفت |
| Turkish | Bir bina görüyorum. | Ona bir kalem verdim. | O gidecek. |
| SVO Language | Example sentence 1 | Example sentence 2 | Example sentence 3 |
| Chinese | 我看到一座建筑物。/我看到一座建築物。 | 我给他一支钢笔。/我給他一支鋼筆。 | 她会去。/她會去。 |
| English | I see a building. | I gave him a pen. | She will go. |
| Esperanto | Mi vidas konstuaĵon. | Mi donis al li plumon. | Ŝi iros. |
| French | Je vois un bâtiment. | Je lui ai donné un stylo. | Elle ira. |
| German | Ich sehe ein Gebäude. | Ich gab ihm einen Stift. | Sie wird gehen. |
| Itanlian | Vedo un edificio. | Gli ho dato una penna. | Lei andrà. |
| Portugese | Eu vejo um prédio. | Eu dei-lhe uma caneta. | Ela vai. |
| Russian | Я вижу здание. | Я дал ему ручку. | Она пойдет. |
| Spanish | Veo un edificio. | Le di una pluma. | Ella irá. |
| VSO Language | Example sentence 1 | Example sentence 2 | Example sentence 3 |
| Arabic | .أرى مبنى | .أعطيته قلم | .وقالت انها سوف تذهب |
| Irish | Feicim foirgneamh. | Thug mé peann air. | Beidh sí ag dul. |
| Welsh | Gwelaf adeilad. | Rhoddais pen iddo. | Bydd hi'n mynd. |
| VOS Language | Example sentence 1 | Example sentence 2 | Example sentence 3 |
| OSV Language | Example sentence 1 | Example sentence 2 | Example sentence 3 |
| OVS Language | Example sentence 1 | Example sentence 2 | Example sentence 3 |