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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Standard-arabic|Standard Arabic]]  → [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions in Arabic → Basic prepositions</div>


<div class="pg_page_title">Standard Arabic Grammar → Prepositions in Arabic → Basic prepositions</div>
Introduction:
In the previous lesson, we learned about pronouns in Arabic and how to use them in different contexts. Pronouns are an essential part of any language, as they help us refer to people, objects, and places without repeating their names. In this lesson, we will continue our journey through Arabic grammar by exploring the world of prepositions. Prepositions are words that show the relationship between a noun or a pronoun and another word in the sentence. They help us express location, time, direction, and many other important concepts. By understanding and mastering prepositions, you will be able to construct more complex sentences and convey your thoughts more accurately in Arabic.


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As a beginner in Standard Arabic, learning prepositions is essential to be able to form simple sentences. Prepositions are connecting words that link nouns, pronouns, and phrases to other words in a sentence. They link them to show a relationship between two or more elements in the sentence such as time, location, or direction.  
== What are prepositions? ==
Prepositions are words that link nouns, pronouns, and phrases to other words in a sentence. They provide important information about location, time, direction, and manner. In Arabic, prepositions are called "ḥarf jar" (حرف جر), which literally translates to "a word of jar". The term "jar" refers to the grammatical case that follows the preposition.
 
== Basic prepositions in Arabic ==
Arabic has a wide range of prepositions, each serving a specific function in a sentence. In this lesson, we will focus on some of the most commonly used basic prepositions in Arabic.
 
=== بـ (bi) ===
The preposition "بـ" (bi) is equivalent to the English prepositions "in" or "at". It is used to indicate location or time. When used with a noun, it is written as "بـ" (bi) followed by the noun. For example:
 
* بيت (bayt) - "house"
* بيتي (baytī) - "my house"
* أنا في البيت (anā fī al-bayt) - "I am at home"
 
When used with a pronoun, the pronoun is attached to the preposition. For example:
 
* بي (bī) - "in me" (literally), "inside me" (figuratively)
* فيه (fīh) - "in it"
 
=== على (ʿalā) ===
The preposition "على" (ʿalā) is equivalent to the English preposition "on" or "over". It is used to indicate location or time. When used with a noun, it is written as "على" (ʿalā) followed by the noun. For example:


In this lesson, we will learn some basic prepositions in Arabic and their usage.
* طاولة (ṭāwila) - "table"
* على الطاولة (ʿalā al-ṭāwila) - "on the table"


When used with a pronoun, the pronoun is attached to the preposition. For example:


<span link>With the completion of this lesson, consider investigating these related pages: [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/Differences-from-English-relative-clauses|Differences from English relative clauses]] & [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/Differences-from-the-active-voice|Differences from the active voice]].</span>
* عليك (ʿalayka) - "on you"
== Basic Prepositions ==


Prepositions are usually before a noun or a pronoun in the sentence. Here are the basic prepositions in Arabic:
=== في (fī) ===
The preposition "في" (fī) is equivalent to the English preposition "in" or "at". It is used to indicate location or time. When used with a noun, it is written as "في" (fī) followed by the noun. For example:


{| class="wikitable"
* مدينة (madīna) - "city"
! Standard Arabic !! Pronunciation !! English
* في المدينة (fī al-madīna) - "in the city"
|-
| في || "fee" or "fii" || In, on, at, to, by
|-
| مع  || "ma'a"  || With
|-
| عند || "ind" || At, near, beside
|-
| على || "ala" || On, upon, about, over
|-
| مِن || "min" || From, of, out of
|-
| إلى || "ila" || To, towards
|}


*Note: Pronunciation may vary by region
When used with a pronoun, the pronoun is attached to the preposition. For example:


Here are some examples:
* فينا (fīnā) - "in us"


* I am in the house --> أنا في البيت (ana fee-l bayt)
=== مع (maʿa) ===
* He is with his friends --> هو مع أصدقائه (huwa ma'a asdiqaa'ih)
The preposition "مع" (maʿa) is equivalent to the English preposition "with". It is used to indicate companionship or possession. When used with a noun, it is written as "مع" (maʿa) followed by the noun. For example:
* The cat is on the table --> القطة على الطاولة (al-qittah 'ala at-tawilah)
* She is from Lebanon --> هي من لبنان (hiya min lubnan)
* We are going to the park --> نحن ذاهبون إلى الحديقة (nahnu dhaahiboon ila al-hadeeqah)


== Tips for Learning Prepositions ==
* صديق (ṣadīq) - "friend"
* مع الصديق (maʿa al-ṣadīq) - "with the friend"


Learning prepositions can be challenging, but with practice, it can become easier. Here are some tips to keep in mind:
When used with a pronoun, the pronoun is attached to the preposition. For example:


1. Practice: Use prepositions in different sentences to learn how they are used.
* معهم (maʿahum) - "with them"


2. Listen and watch: Listen to Arabic conversations, music and watch videos to learn how prepositions are used in context.  
=== من (min) ===
The preposition "من" (min) is equivalent to the English preposition "from". It is used to indicate origin or source. When used with a noun, it is written as "من" (min) followed by the noun. For example:


3. Use flashcards: Create flashcards with the prepositions on one side and the meaning on the other to memorize them quickly.
* بلد (balad) - "country"
* من البلد (min al-balad) - "from the country"


4. Read: Read books, articles, and blogs in Arabic to learn how prepositions are used in writing.  
When used with a pronoun, the pronoun is attached to the preposition. For example:


With practice, mastering prepositions will become easier, and you can start forming more complex sentences in Arabic.
* منها (minhā) - "from it"


== Sources ==
== Conclusion ==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_grammar Arabic grammar]
In this lesson, we explored some basic prepositions in Arabic and learned how to use them in different contexts. Prepositions are an essential part of any language, as they help us express location, time, and other important concepts. By practicing and using these prepositions in your everyday conversations, you will gradually become more comfortable and fluent in Arabic. In the next lesson, we will continue our journey through Arabic grammar by exploring prepositions of time and place.
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arabic_prepositions Arabic prepositions]


{{#seo:
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|title=Standard Arabic Grammar - Prepositions in Arabic - Basic Prepositions
|title=Standard Arabic Grammar → Prepositions in Arabic → Basic prepositions
|keywords=Standard Arabic, Arabic prepositions, Basic prepositions  
|keywords=Standard Arabic, Arabic Grammar, Arabic prepositions, Basic prepositions, Arabic language, Arabic course
|description=In this lesson, students will learn the basic prepositions in Arabic and how to use them in simple sentences.  
|description=Learn some basic prepositions in Arabic and their usage in this comprehensive lesson of the "Complete 0 to A1 Standard Arabic Course".
}}
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[[Category:Standard-arabic-0-to-A1-Course]]
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==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/The-definite-and-indefinite-articles|The definite and indefinite articles]]
* [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/The-definite-and-indefinite-articles|The definite and indefinite articles]]
* [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/Formation-and-placement|Formation and placement]]
* [[Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/Formation-and-placement|Formation and placement]]


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