Language/Gulf-arabic/Grammar/Pronouns
Hi Gulf Arabic learners! ๐
In this lesson, we will be discussing pronouns in Gulf Arabic grammar. Pronouns are an essential part of the language, as they are used to refer to people, things, and ideas in place of their names. They make up a significant part of everyday conversation, so it is essential to learn how to use them correctly. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to use and understand pronouns in Gulf Arabic conversations.
Subject Pronouns
Subject pronouns in Gulf Arabic replace the subject of a sentence. They are similar to English subject pronouns and include:
Gulf Arabic | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
ุฃูุง | ana | I |
ุฃูุชู | anta | You (masculine) |
ุฃูุชู | anti | You (feminine) |
ูู | huwa | He |
ูู | hiya | She |
ูุญู | nahnu | We |
ุฃูุชูู ูุง | antuma | You both |
ุฃูุชูู | antum | You all (masculine) |
ุฃูุชูู | antun | You all (feminine) |
ูู | hum | They (masculine) |
ูู | hun | They (feminine) |
Dialogue
- Person 1: ุฃูุง ุฃุญู ุฏ. (I'm Ahmed.)
- Person 2: ุฃูุชู ู ู ุฃููุ (Where are you from?)
- Person 1: ุฃูุง ู ู ุงูุฅู ุงุฑุงุช. (I'm from the United Arab Emirates.)
Object Pronouns
Object pronouns in Gulf Arabic replace the object of a sentence. They are similar to English object pronouns and include:
Gulf Arabic | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
ูู | ni | Me |
ู | ka | You |
ูู | ki | You (feminine) |
ูู | huwa | Him |
ูู | hiya | Her |
ูุง | na | Us |
ูู ุง | kuma | You both |
ูู | kum | You all |
ูู | hum | Them |
ูู | hun | Them |
Dialogue
- Person 1: ุฃูุง ุฃุฏุฑุณ ุงูุนุฑุจูุฉ. ุชุณุงุนุฏููุ (I'm studying Arabic. Can you help me?)
- Person 2: ุจุงูุชุฃููุฏุ ุณุฃุณุงุนุฏู. ู ุง ุงูุฐู ูุญุชุงุฌ ุฅูููุ (Sure, I'll help you. What do you need?)
- Person 1: ุฃุญุชุงุฌ ุฅูู ูุชุงุจ. ูู ูุฏูู ูุงุญุฏูุงุ (I need a book. Do you have one?)
- Person 2: ูุนู ุ ูุฏู ูุชุงุจูุง. ุฃุนุทูู ุฅูุงู. (Yes, I have a book. I'll give it to you.)
Possessive Pronouns
Possessive pronouns show ownership or possession. They replace nouns and function like adjectives. Possessive pronouns in Gulf Arabic include:
Gulf Arabic | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
ูู | li | Mine |
ูููู | laka | Yours (masculine) |
ูููู | laki | Yours (feminine) |
ููู | lahu | His |
ููููุง | laha | Hers |
ููุง | lana | Ours |
ููู ุง | lakuma | Yours (dual) |
ููู | lakum | Yours (masculine plural) |
ููู | lakun | Yours (feminine plural) |
ููู | lahum | Theirs (masculine) |
ููู | lahinna | Theirs (feminine) |
Dialogue
- Person 1: ูุฐุง ุฏูุชุฑู. (This is my notebook.)
- Person 2: ูู ูุฐุง ุจูุชูู ุ (Is this your house?)
- Person 1: ูุงุ ูุฐุง ููุณ ุจูุชู. (No, this is not my house.)
Demonstrative Pronouns
Demonstrative pronouns point to a specific noun in a sentence. They are similar to English demonstrative pronouns and include:
Gulf Arabic | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
ูุฐุง | hadha | This (masculine) |
ูุฐู | hadhihi | This (feminine) |
ุฐูู | dhalika | That (masculine) |
ุชูู | tilka | That (feminine) |
ูุคูุงุก | ha'ula'i | These (masculine) |
ูุคูุงุกู | ha'ula' | These (feminine) |
ุฃููุฆู | 'ula'ika | Those (masculine) |
ุฃููุฆูู | 'ula'ik | Those (feminine) |
Dialogue
- Person 1: ู ุง ูุฐุงุ (What is this?)
- Person 2: ูุฐุง ูุงุชูู. (This is my phone.)
- Person 1: ู ุง ุฐููุ (What is that?)
- Person 2: ุฐูู ุณูุงุฑุฉ ุฃุฎู. (That is my brother's car.)
Interrogative Pronouns
Interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions. They include:
Gulf Arabic | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
ู ูุง | ma | What |
ู ููู | man | Who |
ุฃููููู | ayna | Where |
ููู ู | kam | How many/how much |
ู ูุชูู | mataa | When |
Dialogue
- Person 1: ุฃูู ุงูู ุทุนู ุ (Where is the restaurant?)
- Person 2: ุงูู ุทุนู ูุฑุจ ุงูู ุณุชุดูู. (The restaurant is near the hospital.)
- Person 1: ู ุชู ุชู ุตูููู ุงูุนุดุงุกุ (When do you usually have dinner?)
- Person 2: ุบุงูุจูุง ู ุง ูุชูุงูู ุงูุนุดุงุก ุจุนุฏ ุงูู ุบุฑุจ. (We usually have dinner after sunset.)
To improve your Gulf Arabic Grammar, you can also use the Polyglot Club website. Find native speakers and ask them any questions!
Sources
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