Language/Modern-greek-1453/Grammar/Subject-Verb-Agreement
The subject is the word which represents a person, an animal, a thing, a way of being or a quality which is in the state expressed by the verb.
To find the subject, we formulate the question in front of the verb: "who?" posed before the verb. The verb therefore varies according to the person of the subject. The ending for the same time changes according to the person and the number of the subject. The verb agrees in number and in person with the subject. When the verb has several subjects, it is put in the plural: two singular subjects are worth a plural subject.
The subject can be a noun, pronoun, adjective, participle, adverb with article, or each part of speech, which can be used as a noun.
- The verb agrees with the subject of the phrase:
Ο Γιάννης παίζει : John plays
- A single subject and several verbs:
Ο Αλέξανδρος κατέβηκε τη σκάλα, βγήκε από την πόρτα, μπήκε στο αυτοκίνητό του και έφυγε.
Alexander came down the stairs, got out the door, got into his car and drove off.
In this sentence, the subject “Αλέξανδρος” accomplish a whole series of actions. This sentence has a single subject and several verbs.
- When there are many subjects, the verb enters the plural:
Ο Γιώργος και ο Πέτρος θα πάνε στο γήπεδο
George and Petros will go to the stadium
All verbs have a subject, because in Greek the subject is necessarily determined by the ending of the verb.
The subject of the verb in modern Greek as well as in Ancient Greek is always in nominative case.
Ο Γιάννης παίζει.
En : John plays
Fr : Jean joue
Ποιος παίζει; Ο Γιάννης είναι το υποκείμενο της πρότασης.
En : Who plays? John is the subject of the sentence.
Fr : Qui joue? Jean est le sujet de la phrase.
| Υποκείμενο : subject | Ρήμα : verb | Αντικείμενο : object |
|---|---|---|
| Ο Πέτρος
Peter Pierre |
θα φύγει
is leaving part |
αύριο
tomorrow demain |
When used as a name, a quality… See the examples below - Lorsqu'il est utilisé comme un nom, une qualité…
Voir les exemples ci-dessous.
| Ο Γιώργος τρέχει : Όνομα | George runs / George court :nom |
| Θα κερδίσει ο ομορφότερος : επίθετο ουσιαστικοποιημένο | The most beautiful will win :
Le plus beau va gagner: adjectif corroboré |
| Ο πεινασμένος καρβέλια ονειρεύεται. Μετοχή | A hungry man dreams of eating bread : participle
l'homme affamé rêve de pain: participe |
The subject of the verb : to read – lire - διαβάζω
| Πρόσωπο: Person | Υποκείμενο: subject | Ρήμα: Verb |
|---|---|---|
| α' εν | Εγώ : I / je | διαβάζ-ω : read / lis |
| β' εν | Εσύ : you / tu | διαβάζ-εις : read / lis |
| γ' εν | αυτός, αυτή, αυτό :
he / she / il, elle |
διαβάζ-ει : reads / lit |
| α' πληθ. | Εμείς : we / nous | διαβάζ-ουμε :read lisons |
| β' πληθ. | Εσείς : you / vous | διαβάζ-ετε : read / lisez |
| γ' πληθ. | αυτοί, αυτές, αυτά : they / ils, elles | διαβάζ-ουν : read / lisent |