Language/Chechen/Pronunciation/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation

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The Chechen Alphabet
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Hi/салам Chechen Learners! 😃


➡ In today's lesson we will learn how to write, read and pronounce the Chechen Alphabet.


Happy learning!



History of the Chechen Alphabet

Chechens do not have their own alphabet like Armenians and Georgians. After Islam was created they used Arabic script. In the mid-1920s the Latin letters were introduced, but none of these adapted systems really come to the fore. In the mid-1940s Latin was replaced by Cyrillic, which is still written in Chechnya today, although since independence there have been efforts to revert to the Latin or Arabic alphabet. Both reforms of the Soviet alphabet were successful repressive mechanisms: in each case, all books printed in the old script were destroyed, undermining the cultural heritage of the people.

Chechen Alphabets & IPA Pronunciation

  • The Chechen language contains an alphabet of 49 letters and several diphthongs.
  • Emphasis is placed on the first syllable of the word.
  • Concerning the phonetics, there are long vowels and short vowels however the nasal is lacking.

Cyrillic Name Arabic

(before 1925)

Modern

Latin

Name IPA
А а а آ /ɑː/, ا A a a /ə/, /ɑː/
Аь аь аь ا Ä ä ä /æ/, /æː/
Б б бэ ب B b be /b/
В в вэ و V v ve /v/
Г г гэ گ G g ge /ɡ/
Гӏ гӏ гӏа غ Ġ ġ ġa /ɣ/
Д д дэ د D d de /d/
Е е е ە E e e /e/, /ɛː/, /je/, /ie/
Ё ё ё یوٓ yo /jo/ etc.
Ж ж жэ ج Ƶ ƶ ƶe /ʒ/, /dʒ/
З з зэ ز Z z ze /z/, /dz/
И и и ی I i i /ɪ/
Ий ий یی Iy iy /iː/
Й й

(я, ю, е)

доца и ی Y y doca i /j/
К к к ک K k ka /k/
Кк кк کک Kk kk /kː/
Кх кх кх ق Q q qa /q/
Ккх ккх قق Qq qq /qː/
Къ къ къа ڨ Q̇ q̇ q̇a /qʼ/
Кӏ кӏ кӏа گ (ࢰ) Kh kh kha /kʼ/
Л л лэ ل L l el /l/
М м мэ م M m em /m/
Н н нэ ن N n en /n/
О о о ووٓ, وٓ uo O o o /o/, /ɔː/, /wo/, /uo/
Ов ов ов وٓو Ov ov ov /ɔʊ/
Оь оь оь وٓ Ö ö ö /ɥø/, /yø/
П п пэ ف P p pe /p/
Пп пп فف Pp pp /pː/
Пӏ пӏ пӏа ڢ ـٯ Ph ph pha /pʼ/
Р р рэ ر R r er /r/
Рхӏ рхӏ رھ Rh rh /r̥/
С с сэ س S s es /s/
Сс сс سس Ss ss /sː/
Т т тэ ت T t te /t/
Тт тт تت Tt tt /tː/
Тӏ тӏ тӏа ط Th th tha /tʼ/
У у у و U u u /uʊ/
Ув ув وو Uv uv /uː/
Уь уь уь و Ü ü ü /y/
Уьй уьй уьй و Üy üy üy /yː/
Ф ф фэ ف F f ef /f/
Х х хэ خ X x xa /x/
Хь хь хьа ح Ẋ ẋ ẋa /ʜ/
Хӏ хӏ хӏа ھ H h ha /h/
Ц ц цэ ر̤  C c ce /ts/
Цӏ цӏ цӏа ڗ Ċ ċ ċe /tsʼ/
Ч ч чэ چ Ҫ ҫ ҫe /tʃ/
Чӏ чӏ чӏа ڃ Ҫ̇ ҫ̇ ҫ̇e /tʃʼ/
Ш ш шэ ش Ş ş şa /ʃ/
Щ щ щэ
(Ъ) ъ чӏогӏа хьаьрк ئ Ə ə ç̇oġa ẋärk /ʔ/
(Ы) ы ы
(Ь) ь кӏеда хьаьрк kheda ẋärk
Э э э اە E e e /e/ etc.
Ю ю ю یو yu /ju/ etc.
Юь юь юь یو /jy/ etc.
Я я я یا، یآ ya /ja/ etc.
Яь яь яь یا /jæ/ etc.
Ӏ ӏ ӏа ع J j ja /ʡ/, /ˤ/

Phonology

Some phonological characteristics of Chechen include its wealth of consonants and sounds similar to Arabic and the Salishan languages of North America, as well as a large vowel system resembling those of Swedish and German.

Consonants

The Chechen language has between 40 to 60 consonants (depending on the dialect and the analysis), far more than do most European languages.

Labial Alveolar Postalveolar Velar Uvular Epiglottal Glottal
Nasal m mˤ n nˤ
Plosive pʰ pˤ

b bˤ pʼ pː pːˤ

tʰ tˤ

d dˤ tʼ tː tːˤ

ɡ kʼ kː

qʼ qː

ʡ ʔ (ʔˤ)
Affricate tsʰ tsˤ

dz dzˤ tsʼ tsː tsːˤ

tʃʰ tʃˤ

dʒ dʒˤ tʃʼ 

Fricative (f)

(v)

s sˤ

z zˤ

ʃ ʃˤ

ʒ ʒˤ

x

ʁ

ʜ h
Rhotic r rˤ

Approximant w (ɥ) wˤ l lˤ j

Vowels

Chechen has an extensive inventory of vowel sounds, about 44.

front

unrounded

front

rounded

back~

central

ɪ iː y yː ʊ uː
je ie ɥø yø wo uo
e̞ e̞ː ø øː o̞ o̞ː
(æ) (æː) ə ɑː

Video Pronunciation: Chechen Alphabet

Chechen Online Virtual Keyboard

Source

Videos

Chechen Alphabet - YouTube

Chechen Alphabet .Chechen letters - YouTube

Contributors

Maintenance script


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