Difference between revisions of "Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Historical-Periods"

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* Silent Spring {1967}
* Silent Spring {1962}
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Revision as of 00:47, 8 August 2024

Hi, polyglots.

When you decide to pick up the history of a region, you are facing a lot of events and figures. Here is a list of the most significant of them, starting from neolithic periods.

For more links to online and downloadable philosophical and religious books, please visit Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Philosophical-and-Religious-Texts.

In progress

period time span event literature technology artwork
Jōmon period [includes paleolithic and mesolichic period] c. 14000 BC – c. 1000 BC
Pre-Pottery Neolithic A c. 10000 BC – c. 8800 BC
Pre-Pottery Neolithic B c. 8800 BC – c. 6500 BC
Jeulmun pottery period [includes mesolithic period] c. 8000 BC – c. 1500 BC
Kiffian culture c. 8000 BC – c. 6000 BC
Yellow River civilisation c. 7500 BC – c. 1400 BC
Hassuna culture c. 7000 BC – c. 6000 BC
Yangtze River civilisation c. 7000 BC – c. 1600 BC
Liáo River civilisation c. 7000 BC – c. 500 BC
Pelasgians c. 7000 BC – c. 3200 BC
Yarmukian culture c. 6400 BC – c. 6000 BC
Cardium pottery culture c. 6400 BC – c. 5500 BC
Halaf culture c. 6100 BC – c. 5100 BC
Shulaveri–Shomu culture c. 6000 BC – c. 5000 BC
Predynastic Egypt c. 6200 BC – c. 3100 BC
Scythia c. 6000 BC – c. 3000 BC
Zayandeh River culture 6th millennium BC
Halaf-Ubaid Transitional period c. 5500 BC – c. 5000 BC
Samarra culture c. 5500 BC – c. 4800 BC
Linear Pottery culture c. 5500 BC – c. 4500 BC
Ubaid period c. 5500 BC – c. 3700 BC
Sumer c. 5500 BC – c. 1800 BC
Bonu Ighinu culture c. 5100 BC – c. 4500 BC
Tenerian culture c. 5000 BC – c. 3000 BC
Dalma culture 5th millennium BC
Lodian culture 5th millennium BC
Stentinello culture 5th millennium BC
Cerny culture c. 4700 BC – c. 4000 BC
Montbolo culture c. 4700 BC – c. 3800 BC
Rössen culture c. 4600 BC – c. 4300 BC
San Ciriaco culture c. 4500 BC – c. 4000 BC
Chasséen culture c. 4500 BC – c. 3500 BC
Ghassulian c. 4400 BC – c. 3500 BC
Sepulcres de Fossa culture c. 4200 BC – c. 3600 BC
Uruk period c. 4000 BC – c. 3100 BC
Dilmun late 4th millennium BC – 538 BC
Véraza culture c. 3500 BC – c. 2000 BC
Kura–Araxes culture c. 3400 BC – c. 2000 BC
Indus Valley civilisation c. 3300 BC – c. 1300 BC
Afanasievo culture c. 3300 BC – c. 2500 BC
Helladic civilisation c. 3200 BC – c. 1050 BC
Elam c. 3200 BC – 539 BC
Early Dynastic Period of Egypt c. 3150 BC – c. 2686 BC
Proto-Elamite period c. 3100 BC – c. 2700 BC
Jemdet Nasr period c. 3100 BC – c. 2900 BC
Seine–Oise–Marne culture c. 3100 BC – c. 2000 BC
Cycladic civilisation c. 3100 BC – c. 1000 BC
Minoan civilisation c. 3100 BC – c. 1100 BC
  • Ship Procession fresco from Akrotiri {between c. 1650 BC and c. 1500 BC} Wikimedia
  • Spring fresco from Akrotiri c. 1500 BC Wikimedia
  • Harvester Vase {between c. 1550 BC and c. 1500 BC} Wikimedia
  • Bull-Leaping Fresco {c. 1450 BC} Wikimedia
  • Palaikastro Kouros {c. 1450 BC} Wikimedia
Lullubi c. 3100 BC – 675 BC
Meldon Bridge Period c. 3000 BC – c. 2750 BC
Corded Ware culture c. 3000 BC – c. 2350 BC
Bell Beaker culture c. 2800 BC – c. 1800 BC
Chemurchek culture c. 2750 BC – c. 1900 BC
Abealzu-Filigosa culture c. 2700 BC – c. 2400 BC
Old Kingdom of Egypt c. 2686 BC – c. 2181 BC
Umm Al Nar culture c. 2600 BC – c. 2000 BC
Marhaši c. 2550 BC – c. 2020 BC
Jiroft culture c. 2500 BC – c. 2200 BC
Phoenicia 2500 BC – 64 BC
Artenacian culture c. 2400 BC
Oxus civilisation c. 2400 BC – c. 1700 BC
Trzciniec culture c. 2400 BC – c. 1300 BC
Mierzanowice culture c. 2350 BC – c. 1600 BC
Akkadian Empire c. 2334 BC – c. 2154 BC
Únětice culture c. 2300 BC – c. 1600 BC
Magan c. 2300 BC – c. 500 BC
Rhône culture c. 2200 BC – c. 1500 BC
Armorican Tumulus culture c. 2200 BC – c. 1400 BC
First Intermediate Period of Egypt c. 2181 BC – c. 2055 BC
Gutian dynasty c. 2141 BC – c. 2050 BC
Neo-Sumerian Empire c. 2112 BC – c. 2004 BC
Xià dynasty c. 2070 BC – c. 1600 BC
Middle Kingdom of Egypt c. 2055 BC – c. 1650 BC
Isin-Larsa period c. 2025 BC – c. 1763 BC
Assyria c. 2025 BC – 609 BC
Simurrum c. 2000 BC – c. 1500 BC
Wadi Suq culture c. 2000 BC – c. 1300 BC
Old Babylonian Empire c. 1894 BC – c. 1595 BC Code of Hammurabi {between c. 1792 BC and c. 1750 BC} Wikimedia Wikisource
Yamhad c. 1810 BC – c. 1517 BC
Munkhkhairkhan culture c. 1800 BC – c. 1600 BC
Las Cogotas c. 1800 BC – c. 1150 BC
Nuragic civilisation 18th century BC – 238 BC
Mycenaean civilisation c. 1750 BC – c. 1050 BC
Cemetery H Culture c. 1900 BC – c. 1300 BC
Brihadratha dynasty 1700 BC – 682 BC
Second Intermediate Period of Egypt c. 1700 BC – c. 1550 BC
Tumulus culture c. 1600 BC – c. 1200 BC
Shāng dynasty c. 1600 BC – c. 1046 BC
New Kingdom of Egypt 1550 BC – 1069 BC
Kassites c. 1531 BC – c. 1155 BC
Sagsai culture c. 1500 BC – c. 1000 BC
Avestan period c. 1500 BC – c. 500 BC
Mumun pottery period c. 1500 BC – c. 300 BC
Ulaanzuukh culture c. 1450 BC – c. 1000 BC
Deer stones culture c. 1400 BC – c. 700 BC
Middle Assyrian Empire c. 1363 BC – c. 912 BC
Urnfield culture c. 1300 BC – c. 750 BC
Slab-grave culture c. 1300 BC – c. 700 BC
Edom c. 13th century BC – c. 553 BC
Lusatian culture c. 1200 BC – c. 500 BC
Greek Dark Ages c. 1200 BC – c. 800 BC
Kuru Kingdom c. 1200 BC – c. 500 BC
Hallstatt culture c. 1200 BC – c. 450 BC
Sabaean Kingdom c. 1200 BC – 275
Aram-Damascus c. 12th century BC – 732 BC
Gija Joseon 1120 BC – 194 BC
Third Intermediate Period of Egypt c. 1077 BC – c. 664 BC
United Kingdom of Israel c. 1047 BC – 930 BC
Western Zhōu 1046 BC – 771 BC
Sheba c. 1000 BC – 275
Yayoi period c. 1000 BC – c. 300
Qataban 1st millennium BC – 1st century
Kingdom of Hadhramaut 1st millennium BC – c. 290
Kingdom of Dʿmt 980 BC – c. 650 BC
Kingdom of Judah c. 930 BC – c. 587 BC
Kingdom of Samaria c. 930 BC – c. 720 BC
Neo-Assyrian Empire 911 BC – 609 BC
Etruscan civilisation 900 BC – 27 BC
Scythia 9th century BC – 7th century BC
Qedarites 9th century BC – 1st century BC
Magna Graecia 8th century BC – 3rd century BC
Kingdom of Awsan 8th century BC – 7th century BC
Thamud 8th century BC – 5th century
Urartu 860 BC – 590 BC
Mannaea 10th century BC – 7th century BC
Carthage c. 814 BC – 146 BC
Archaic Greece c. 800 BC – 480 BC
Spring and Autumn period c. 770 BC – c. 481 BC
Roman Kingdom 753 BC – 509 BC
Zikirti 750 BC – 521 BC
Saparda 720 BC – 670 BC
Argead dynasty c. 700 BC – 310 BC
Chandman culture c. 700 BC – c. 300 BC
Teispids 7th century BC – 522 BC
Singhanavati 691 BC – 638
Pradyota dynasty 682 BC – 544 BC
Median Kingdom c. 678 BC – c. 550 BC
Late Period of Egypt c. 664 BC – c. 332 BC
Neo-Babylonian Empire 626 BC – 539 BC
Mahājanapadas c. 600 BC – c. 345 BC
Kingdom of Ma'in c. 600 BC – c. 150 BC
Greeks in Gaul c. 600 BC – 49 BC
Pazyryk culture 6th century BC – 3rd century BC
Sogdia c. 6th century BC – 11th century
Lihyan 6th century BC – 3rd century BC
Yehud c. 586 BC – c. 539 BC
Achaemenid Empire 550 BC – 330 BC
Haryanka dynasty 544 BC – 413 BC
Eber-Nari c. 539 BC – c. 332 BC
Yehud Medinata c. 586 BC – c. 539 BC
Athura 539 BC – 330 BC
Classical Greece 510 BC – 323 BC
Zhangzhung c. 510 BC – 625
Roman Republic c. 509 BC – 27 BC
  • Altar of Domitius Ahenobarbus {between 122 BC and 115 BC} Wikimedia
  • Orator {between 110 BC and 90 BC} Wikimedia
Odrysian kingdom c. 480 BC – c. 30 BC
Warring States period c. 475 BC – 221 BC
La Tène culture c. 450 BC – c. 1 BC
Shaishunaga dynasty 413 BC – 345 BC
Pandyan dynasty 400 BC – 1618
Thaton Kingdom 400 BC – 1057
Buni culture c. 400 BC – c. 100
Chola dynasty c. 4th century BC – 1279
Nanda dynasty c. 345 BC – c. 322 BC
Coele-Syria 332 BC – 64 BC
Kingdom of Armenia 331 BC – 428
Kingdom of Cappadocia 331 BC – 17
Hellenistic Greece 323 BC – 31 BC
Atropatene c. 323 BC – 226
Maurya dynasty 322 BC – 184 BC
Seleucid Empire 312 BC – 63 BC
Ptolemaic Kingdom 305 BC – 30 BC
Nabataean Kingdom 3rd century BC – 106
Xiōngnú 3rd century BC – 1st century BC
Xiānbēi 3rd century BC – 3rd century
Kingdom of Pontus 281 BC – 62
Âu Lạc 257 BC – 179 BC
Parthian Empire 247 BC – 224
Qín dynasty 221 BC – 206 BC
Hispania 218 BC – 472
Western Hàn 206 BC – 9
Triệu dynasty 204 BC – 111 BC
Numidia 202 BC – 25 BC
Chì Tǔ 2nd century BC – 7th century
Kucha 2nd century BC – 648
  • Bower Manuscript {between 4th century and 5th century} Wikimedia
Pyu city-states 2nd century BC – 1050
Wiman Joseon 194 BC – 108 BC
Shunga dynasty 187 BC – 73 BC
Elymais 147 BC – 221/222
Roman rule in Greece 146 BC – 330
Hasmonean dynasty 140 BC – 37 BC
Wūsūn 140 BC – 436
Characene 141 BC – 222
Darayanids 132 BC – 224
First Era of Northern Domination 110 BC – 40
Kingdom of Himyar 110 BC – 525
Kāngjū 1st century BC – 5th century
Kanva dynasty 73 BC – 28 BC
Silla 57 BC – 935
Roman Gaul 50 BC – 486
Herodian dynasty 47 BC – 100
Goguryeo 37 BC – 668
Satavahana dynasty late 2nd century BC – early 3rd century
  • Root Verses on the Middle Way {c. 150}
Roman Egypt 30 BC – 641
Roman Empire 27 BC – 395
Baekje 18 BC – 660
Germania Antiqua 7 BC – 9
Judaea 6 – 132
Xīn dynasty 9 – 23
Indo-Parthian Kingdom 19 – 226
Eastern Hàn 25 – 220
  • Galloping Horse Treading on a Flying Swallow Wikimedia
Kushan Empire 30 – 375
Second Era of Northern Domination 40 – 544
Gaya Confederacy 42 – 562
Roman Britain 43 – c. 410
Tun Sun 52 – 6th century
Hvunân 68 – 550
Langkasuka 1st century – 15th century
Ghana Empire c.100–c.300 – 1200s
Kingdom of Aksum c. 100 – 960
Arabia Petraea 106 – 630s
Mesopotamia Province 116 – 117, 198 – 637
Paratarajas c. 125 – c. 300
Syria Palaestina 136 – 390
Champa 192 – 1832
Tambralinga 2nd century – 1277
Gangga Negara 2nd century – 1025/1026
Alamannia 213 – 911
Three Kingdoms of China 220 – 280
Ghassanids 220 – 638
Mogollon culture c. 200 – 1450
Sasanian Empire 224 – 651
Asoristan 226 – 637
Gupta Empire c. 240 – c. 550
  • Verse of the Counting
Western Jìn 266 – 316
Palmyrene Empire 270 – 273
Pan Pan 3rd century – 7th century
Kofun period c. 300 – 538
Lakhmid kingdom c. 268 – 602
Hohokam c. 300 – c. 1500
Sixteen Kingdoms 304 – 439
Constantinian dynasty 306 – 363
Diocese of the East 314 – 535/536
Eastern Jìn 317 – 420
Róurán Khaganate 330 – 555
Valentinian dynasty 364 – 392, 425 – 455
Theodosian dynasty 379 – 457
Western Roman Empire 395 – 476
Kutai Martadipura Kingdom 399 – 1635
Kingdom of the Suebi 409 – 585
Anglo-Saxon England 410 – 1066
Visigothic Kingdom 418 – 720
Northern and Southern dynasties of China 420 – 589
Vandal Kingdom 435 – 534
Mueang Pahang 449 – 1454
Kingdom of Kinda c. 450 – c. 550
Tarumanagara c. 450 – 669
Leonid dynasty 457 – 518
Lavo Kingdom 468 – 1388
Ostrogothic Kingdom 469 – 553
Odoacer's kingdom 476 – 493
Mauro-Roman Kingdom 477 – 578
Merovingian dynasty c. 481 – 751
Kingdom of the Aurès c. 484 – 703
Kantoli 5th century
Pushyabhuti dynasty c. 500 – c. 647
Sinagua c. 500 – 1425
Justinian dynasty 518 – 602
Asuka period 538 – 710
Chalukya dynasty 543 – 753
Early Lý dynasty 543 – 753
Chénla 550 – 802
Qarinvand dynasty c. 550 – 11th century
First Turkic Khaganate 552 – 603
Spania 552 – 624
Kingdom of the Lombards 568 – 774
Kingdom of Altava 578 – 708
Suí dynasty 581 – 618
Byzantine rule in Italy 584 – 751
Exarchate of Africa 591 – 698
Kalingga 6th century – 7th century
Zarmihrid dynasty 6th century – 785
Dvaravati 6th century – 11th century
Frisian Kingdom c. 600 – 734
Third Era of Northern Domination 602 – 938
Heraclian dynasty 610 – 711
Tibetan Empire 618 – 848
Táng dynasty 618 – 690, 705 – 907
  • Lèshān Giant Buddha {713 – 803} Wikimedia
Sasanian rule in Egypt 618 – 628
Haripuñjaya 629 – 1291
Muhammad in Medina 622 – 632
Karkota dynasty 625 – 855
Xuēyántuó 628 – 723
Samo's Empire 631 – 658
Old Great Bulgaria 632 – 668
Bilad al-Sham 636 – 940s
Ngoenyang 638 – 1292
Bilad al-Sham 639 – 940s
Rashidun Caliphate 641 – 661
Dabuyid dynasty 642 – 760
Alavids 645 – 928
Protectorate General to Pacify the North 647 – 784
Masmughans of Damavand 651 – 760
Bavand dynasty 651 – 1349
Umayyad Caliphate 661 – 750
Baduspanids 665 – 1598
Unified Silla 668 – 935
Sunda Kingdom 669 – 1579
Melayu Kingdom before 671 – 692, 1028 – 1347
Srivijaya 671 – 1025
First Bulgarian Empire 681 – 1018
Second Turkic Khaganate 682 – 744
Wǔ Zhōu 690 – 705
Republic of Venice 697 – 1797
Balhae 698 – 926
Muang Sua 698 – 1353
Little Goguryeo 699 – 820
Wén Dān 7th century – 8th century
Canasapura 7th century – 970
Kanem–Bornu Empire c. 700 – 1380
Nara period 710 – 794
Emirate of Nekor 710 – 1019
Mataram Kingdom 716 – 1016
Isaurian dynasty 717 – 802
Kingdom of Asturias 718 – 924
Gurjara-Pratihara dynasty c. 730 – 1036
Nánzhào 738 – 902
Uyghur Khaganate 744 – 840
Barghawata Confederacy 744 – 1058
Imamate of Oman 749 – 1959
Abbasid Caliphate 750 – 1258, 1261 – 1517
  • Book Catalogue {987}
Pala Empire 750 – 1161
Carolingian dynasty 751 – 987
Rashtrakutas 753 – 982
Emirate of Córdoba 756 – 929
Papal States 756 – 1870
Midrarid dynasty 757 – 976
Oghuz Yabgu State 766 – 1055
Rustamid dynasty 777 – 909
Principality of Serbia 780 – 960
Ghurid dynasty 786 – 1215
Idrisid dynasty 788 – 974
Justanids 791 – 11th century
Heian period 794 – 1185
Marajoara culture c. 800 – c. 1400
Mississippian culture c. 800 – c. 1600
Aghlabid dynasty 800 – 909
Khmer Empire 802 – 1431
Nikephorian dynasty 802 – 813
Samanid Empire 819 – 999
Ziyadid dynasty 819 – 1018
Amorian dynasty 820 – 860
Tahirid dynasty 821 – 873
Kingdom of Navarre 824 – 1841
Arab rule in southern Italy 827 – 880
Rus' Khaganate c. 830 – c. 890s
Great Moravia 833 – c. 907
Kara-Khanid Khanate 840 – 1212
Peureulak Sultanate 840 – 1292
Era of Fragmentation in Tibet 842 – 1253
East Francia 843 – 962
West Francia 843 – 987
Kingdom of Pagan 849 – 1297
Kingdom of Italy in Holy Roman Empire 855 – 1801
Saffarid dynasty 861 – 1002
Macedonian dynasty 867 – 1056
Tulunid dynasty 868 – 905
Duchy of Bohemia c. 870 – 1198
Kievan Rus' c. 880 – 1240
Kimek–Kipchak confederation 880 – 1035
Sajid dynasty 889 – 929
Hamdanid dynasty 890 – 1004
Later Baekje 892 – 936
Taebong 901 – 918
Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period 907 – 979
Fatimid Caliphate 909 – 1171
Kingdom of León 910 – 1833
Liáo dynasty 916 – 1125
Kingdom of Bali 914 – 1908
Goryeo 918 – 1392
Later Sabeol 919 – 927
Sallarid dynasty 919 – 1062
Dōngdān Kingdom 926 – 936
Later Balhae 927 – 935
Caliphate of Córdoba 929 – 1031
Ziyarid dynasty 931 – 1090
Banu Ilyas 932 – 968
Buyid dynasty 934 – 1062
Ikhshidids 935 – 969
Jeongan 936 – 986
Dàlǐ Kingdom 937 – 1094, 1096 – 1253
Ngô dynasty 939 – 965
Rawadid dynasty 955 – 1071
Kilwa Sultanate 957 – 1513
Hasanwayhids 959 – 1015
Northern Sòng 960 – 1127
  • Blue Cliff Record {1125}
  • Along the River During the Qīngmíng Festival Wikimedia
Piast dynasty in Poland 960 – 1385
Mazyadids c. 961 – c. 1160
Kingdom of Germany in Holy Roman Empire 962 – 1806
Anarchy of the 12 Warlords 965 – 968
Đinh dynasty 968 – 980
Catepanate of Ras 971 – 976
Zirid dynasty 972 – 1148
Western Chalukya Empire 973 – 1184
Ghaznavids 977 – 1186
Early Lê dynasty 980 – 1009
Marwanids 983 – 1084
Direct Capetian kings 987 – 1328
Principality of Polotsk 987 – 1504
Uqaylid dynasty 990 – 1096
Annazids 990/991 – 1117
Norman rule in southern Italy 999 – 1194
Cuman–Kipchak Confederation 10th century – 1241
Kakuyids 1008 – 1141
First Taifa period 1009 – 1110
Lý dynasty 1009 – 1225
Hammadid dynasty 1014 – 1152
Theme of Sirmium 1018 – 1071
Theme of Bulgaria 1018 – 1185
Vojislavljević dynasty 1018 – 1189
Kahuripan 1019 – 1045
Najahid dynasty 1022 – 1158
Mirdasid dynasty 1024 – 1080
Xīngliáo 1029 – 1030
Nasrid dynasty 1029 – 1225
Shabankara 1030 – 1424
Kingdom of Aragon 1035 – 1707
Seljuk Empire 1037 – 1194
  • Five Treasures {1163 – 1197} Wikimedia
  • Incoherence of the Philosophers
Western Xià 1038 – 1227
  • Auspicious Tantra of All-Reaching Union {between 1139 and 1193} Wikimedia
Kediri Kingdom 1042 – 1222
Sulayhid dynasty 1047 – 1138
Almoravid dynasty 1050s – 1147
Doukas dynasty 1059 – 1081
Kingdom of Castile 1065 – 1833
Norman England 1066 – 1216
Kingdom of Mapungubwe 1075 – 1220
Anushtegin dynasty 1077 – 1231
Komnenos dynasty 1081 – 1185
Zurayid dynasty 1083 – 1174
Almoravid rule in Al-Andalus 1085 – 1145
Grand Principality of Serbia 1091 – 1217
Kingdom of Phayao 1094 – 1338
Crusader states 1098 – 1291
Republic of Genoa 1099 – 1797, 1814 – 1815
Pannai 11th century – 14th century
Jīn dynasty 1115 – 1234
Hazaraspids 1115 – 1424
Republic of Florence 1115 – 1569
Almohad Caliphate 1121 – 1269
Republic of Siena 1125 – 1555
Zengid dynasty 1127 – 1250
Almohad Caliphate 1127 – 1269
Southern Sòng 1127 – 1279
Khamag Mongol 1130 – 1206
Kingdom of Sicily 1130 – 1816
Principality of Kiev 1132 – 1471
Eldiguzids 1136 – 1225
Novgorod Republic 1136 – 1478
Sultanate of Kedah 1136 – 1821, 1842 – 1945
Zagwe dynasty 1137 – 1270
Second Taifa period 1140 – 1203
Atabegs of Yazd 1141 – 1319
Almohad rule in Al-Andalus 1147 – 1238
Salghurids 1148 – 1282
Salado culture 1150 – 15th century
Nabhani dynasty 1154 – 1624
Pishkinid dynasty 1155 – 1231
Mahdid dynasty 1159 – 1174
Khorshidi dynasty 1184 – 1597
Angelos dynasty 1185 – 1204
Ayyubid dynasty 1171 – 1341
Kamakura period 1185 – 1333
Second Bulgarian Empire 1185 – 1396
Latin Empire 1204 – 1261
Kingdom of Candia 1205 – 1667
Mongol Empire 1206 – 1368
Delhi Sultanate 1206 – 1526
Shan states 1215 – 1885, 1885 – 1948, 1948 – 1959
Plantagenet dynasty 1216 – 1485
Kingdom of Serbia in 1217 – 1346 1217 – 1346
Kingdom of Zimbabwe c. 1220 – 1450
Singhasari 1222 – 1292
Qutlugh-Khanids 1222 – 1306
Trần dynasty 1225 – 1400
Aru Kingdom 1225 – 1613
Rasulid dynasty 1229 – 1454
Hafsid dynasty 1229 – 1574
Third Taifa period 1232 – 1287
Emirate of Granada 1232 – 1492
Mali Empire c. 1235 – 1670
Zayyanid dynasty 1235 – 1557
Mihrabanids 1236 – 1537
Grand Duchy of Lithuania c. 1236 – 1795
Sukhothai Kingdom 1238 – 1438
Golden Horde 1242 – 1502
Kart dynasty 1244 – 1381
Marinid Sultanate 1244 – 1465
Mamluk Sultanate 1250 – 1517
Ilkhanids 1256 – 1335
Kingdom of Gapi 1257 – 1486
Palaiologos dynasty 1261 – 1453
Samudera Pasai Sultanate 1267 – 1524
Yuán rule in Tibet c. 1270 – 1354
Ethiopian Empire 1270 – 1940
Yuán dynasty 1271 – 1368
  • Dwelling in the Fùchūn Mountains {1350} Wikimedia
Realm of Stefan Dragutin 1282 – 1325
Grand Duchy of Moscow 1282 – 1547
Kingdom of Naples 1282 – 1806, 1815 – 1816
Hanthawaddy Kingdom 1287 – 1552
Lan Na Kingdom 1292 – 1775
Majapahit Empire 1293 – 1527
Myinsaing Kingdom 1297 – 1313
Ottoman Empire c. 1299 – 1922
Nakhon Si Thammarat Kingdom 13th century – 1782
Sultanate of Jailolo 13th century – 1832
Muang Phuan 13th century – 1893
Kutai Kartanegara Sultanate 1300 – 1844
Kingdom of Pinya 1313 – 1365
Muzaffarid dynasty 1314 – 1393
Kingdom of Sagaing 1315 – 1365
Sultanate of Bacan 1322? – 1965
Valois kings 1328 – 1498
Injuids 1335 – 1357
Jalayirid Sultanate 1335 – 1432
Muromachi period 1336 – 1573
Vijayanagara Empire 1336 – 1646
Sarbadars 1337 – 1381
Chobanids 1338 – 1357
Bengal Sultanate 1342 – 1539, 1554 – 1576
Serbian Empire 1346 – 1371
Principality of Moldavia 1346 – 1859
Pagaruyung 1347 – 1833
Lands of the Bohemian Crown 1348 – 1918
Afrasiyab dynasty 1349 – 1504
Ayutthaya Kingdom 1351 – 1767
Lan Xang 1353 – 1707
Phagmodrupa dynasty 1354 – 1618
Marashis 1359 – 1596
Venetian rule in the Ionian Islands 1363 – 1797
Sultanate of Brunei 1368 – 1888
Kingdom of Ava 1365 – 1555
Northern Yuán 1368 – 1635
Míng dynasty 1368 – 1644
Sultanate of Brunei 1368 – 1888
Timurid Empire 1370 – 1507
Kar-Kiya dynasty 1370s – 1592
Realm of King Marko 1371 – 1395
Principality of Moravian Serbia 1371 – 1402
District of Branković 1371 – 1412
Ottoman rule in Greece 1371 – 1912
Qara Qoyunlu 1374 – 1468
Kingdom of Kongo 1378 – 1914
Burgundian Netherlands 1384 – 1482
Jagiellonian dynasty in Poland 1385 – 1572
Aq Qoyunlu 1378 – 1503
Joseon 1392 – 1897
Ottoman Bulgaria 1396 – 1878
Oirat Confederation 1399 – 1634
Sultanate of Malacca c. 1400 – 1528
Malacca Sultanate c. 1400 – 1511
Sultanate of Patani c. 1400 – 1902
Hồ dynasty 1400 – 1407
Serbian Despotate 1402 – 1442, 1444 – 1459
Tamna ? – 1404
Fourth Era of Northern Domination 1407 – 1427
Sultanate of Adal 1415 – 1577
Jabrids 1417 – 1524
Uzbek Khanate 1428 – 1471
Aztec Empire 1428 – 1521
Later Lê dynasty 1428 – 1527, 1533 – 1789
Songhai Empire c. 1430s – 1591
Kingdom of Mutapa 1430 – 1760
Kingdom of Mrauk-U 1430 – 1785
post-Angkor period of Cambodia 1431 – 1863
Rinpungpa 1435 – 1565
Inca Empire 1438 – 1572
Crimean Khanate 1441 – 1783
Sultanate of Cirebon 1447 – 1679
Haudenosaunee 1450 – c. 1660
Sultanate of Tidore 1450 – 1967
Tahirid Sultanate 1450 – 1967
Sultanate of Sulu 1457 – 1915
Ottoman Serbia 1459 – 1804
Kazakh Khanate 1465 – 1847
Pahang Sultanate 1470 – 1623
Wattasid dynasty 1472 – 1554
Sultanate of Demak 1475 – 1554
Kingdom of Prome 1482 – 1542
Habsburg Netherlands 1482 – 1797
Tudor dynasty 1485 – 1603
Sultanate of Ternate 1486 – 1914
Sultanate of Aceh 1496 – 1903
Valois-Orléans kings 1498 – 1515
Province of Tierra Firme 1498 – 1542
Kingdom of Rwanda 15th century – 1961
Safavid Iran 1501 – 1736
Portuguese Mozambique 1505 – 1975
Portuguese Oman 1507 – 1656
Spanish Tripoli 1510 – 1530
First Toungoo Empire 1510 – 1599
Saadi Sultanate 1510 – 1659
Portuguese Malacca 1511 – 1641
Valois-Angoulême kings 1515 – 1589
Kingdom of Larantuka 1515 – 1904
Habsburg Spain 1516 – 1700
Regency of Algiers 1516 – 1830
Ottoman Syria 1516 – 1918
Yemen Eyalet 1517 – 1636, 1849 – 1872
Portuguese rule in Insulindia c. 1522 – 1605
New Spain 1521 – 1821
Sultanate of Banten 1526 – 1813
Mughal Empire 1526 – 1857
Sultanate of Banjar 1526 – 1860
Kalinyamat Sultanate 1527 – 1599
Mạc dynasty 1527 – 1677
Johor Sultanate 1528 – 1855, 1886 – 1942
Governorate of New Castile 1529 – 1542
Governorate of New Toledo 1529 – 1542
Governorate of New León 1529 – 1544
Hospitaller Tripoli 1530 – 1551
Revival Lê dynasty 1533 – 1789
Captaincies of Brazil 1534 – 1549
Governorate of New Andalusia 1534 – 1617
New France 1534 – 1763
Sur Empire 1538 – 1555
Governorate of Terra Australis 1539 – 1555
Kingdom of Imerina 1540 – 1897
General Captaincy of Chile 1541 – 1810, 1814 – 1818
Viceroyalty of Peru 1542 – 1824
Tsardom of Russia 1547 – 1721
Seventeen Provinces 1549 – 1581
Saadi Sultanate 1549 – 1659
State of Brazil 1549 – 1815
Governorate of the Río de la Plata 1549 – 1776
Ottoman Tripolitania 1551 – 1912
Spanish Netherlands 1556 – 1714
Tsangpa 1565 – 1642
Spanish East Indies 1565 – 1901
Poland–Lithuania 1569 – 1795
Azuchi–Momoyama period 1573 – 1600
Regency of Tunis 1574 – 1881
United Provinces of the Netherlands 1579 – 1795
British America 1585 – 1783
Empire of Luba 1585 – 1889
Sultanate of Mataram 1586 – 1755
Bourbon kings 1589 – 1792
Qasimid State 1597 – 1849
Sultanate of Sarawak 1599 – 1641
Restored Taungoo Kingdom 1599 – 1752
Kingdom of Lunda 1600 – 1887
Stuart era 1603 – 1714
Edo period 1603 – 1868
Sultanate of Singora 1605 – 1680
Company rule in the Dutch East Indies 1610 – 1800
New Netherland 1614 – 1667, 1673 – 1674
Governorate of Paraguay 1617 – 1782
Yarubid dynasty 1620 – 1742
Kingdom of Bakuba 1625 – 1884
Republic of Salé 1627 – 1668
Sultanate of Deli 1632 – 1946
Dzungar Khanate 1634 – 1758
New Sweden 1638 – 1655
Dutch Malacca 1641 – 1795, 1818 – 1825
Khoshut Khanate 1642 – 1717
Qīng dynasty 1644 – 1912
Cossack Hetmanate 1649 – 1764
Dutch Cape Colony 1652 – 1806
Palembang Sultanate 1659 – 1823
Rozvi Empire 1660 – 1866
Alawi Sultanate 1666 – 1912
Colony of Surinam 1667 – 1954
Bani Khalid Emirate 1669 – 1796
Kingdom of Bola'ang-Mongondow 1670 – 1950
Maratha Confederacy 1674 – 1818
Kingdom of Burundi 1680 – 1966
British Bencoolen 1685 – 1824
Habsburg-occupied Serbia 1686 – 1699
Qīng rule in Mongolia 1691 – 1911
Omani Empire 1691 – 1856
Bourbon Spain 1700 – 1808
Kingdom of Prussia 1701 – 1918
Mamluk dynasty of Iraq 1704 – 1831
Beylik of Tunis 1705 – 1881
Kingdom of Vientiane 1707 – 1828
Kingdom of Luang Phrabang 1707 – 1947
Kingdom of Champasak 1713 – 1904
Georgian era 1714 – 1830
Habsburg Serbia 1718 – 1739
Russian Empire 1721 – 1917
Qīng rule in Tibet 1720 – 1912
Sultanate of Siak Sri Indrapura 1722 – 1949
Emirate of Dir'iyah 1727 – 1818
Sultanate of Lahej 1728 – 1967
Afsharid Iran 1736 – 1796
Restored Hanthawaddy Kingdom 1740 – 1757
Russian America 1741 – 1867
Sunanate of Selangor 1743 – 1945, 1957 – 1963
Sunanate of Surakarta 1745 – 1945
Zand dynasty 1751 – 1794
Konbaung dynasty 1752 – 1885
Sultanate of Ngayogyakarta Hadiningrat 1755 – 1945
Company rule in India 1757 – 1858
Kingdom of Mysore 1760 – 1799
Thonburi Kingdom 1767 – 1782
Pahang Kingdom 1770 – 1881
Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria 1772 – 1918
United States of America in 1776 – 1789 1776 – 1789
Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata 1776 – 1825
Kēngwěi Republic 1776 – 1839
Sāntiáogōu Republic 1777 – 1853
Lánfāng Republic 1777 – 1884
Tây Sơn dynasty 1778 – 1802
Confederation period of the United States of America 1781 – 1788
Kingdom of Besut Darul Iman 1780 – 1899
Rattanakosin Kingdom 1782 – 1932
United States of America in 1789 – 1815 1789 – 1815
Qajar Iran 1789 – 1925
French First Republic 1792 – 1804
Batavian Republic / Batavian Commonwealth 1795 – 1806
French campaign in Egypt 1798 – 1801
Sikh Empire 1799 – 1849
Republic of the Seven Islands 1800 – 1807
Dutch East Indies 1800 – 1949
Nguyễn dynasty 1802 – 1945
Karađorđe's Serbia 1804 – 1813
Empire of Austria 1804 – 1867
First French Empire 1804 – 1814
Sokoto Caliphate 1804 – 1903
Muhammad Ali dynasty 1805 – 1953
Kingdom of Holland 1806 – 1810
Confederation of the Rhine 1806 – 1813
Cape Colony 1806 – 1910
French and British interregnum in the Dutch East Indies 1806 – 1916
Napoleonic Spain 1808 – 1813
Kingdom of Setul Mambang Segara 1808 – 1916
Patria Vieja 1810 – 1814
United Provinces of the Río de la Plata 1810 – 1831
Kingdom of Reman 1810 – 1902
independence of Paraguay 1811 – 1814
United Provinces of New Granada 1811 – 1816
Bourbon Restoration 1814 – 1830
Kingdom of Spain in 1813 – 1873
Francia era 1814 – 1840
Kingdom of the Netherlands 1815 –
German Confederation 1815 – 1848, 1850 – 1866
United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves 1815 – 1825
United States of America in 1815 – 1849 1815 – 1849
Principality of Serbia 1815 – 1882
Zulu Kingdom 1816 – 1897
Patria Nueva 1817 – 1826
Ibn Mu'ammar's Emirate 1818 – 1820
Republican era in Chile 1818 – 1891
Gran Colombia 1819 – 1931
First Mexican Empire 1821 – 1823
First Hellenic Republic 1822 – 1832
Empire of Brazil 1822 – 1889
First Mexican Republic 1824 – 1835
British rule in Burma 1824 – 1948
Emirate of Nejd 1824 – 1891
Riau-Lingga Sultanate 1824 – 1911
Oriental Republic of Uruguay 1825 –
Plurinational State of Bolivia 1825 –
Conservative Republic in Chile 1826 – 1861
Liberal Republic in Chile 1826 – 1891
Straits Settlements 1826 – 1946
July Monarchy 1830 – 1848
State of Venezuela 1830 – 1864
French Algeria 1830 – 1962
Republic of New Granada 1831 – 1858
British Guiana 1831 – 1966
Kingdom of Greece 1832 – 1924, 1935 – 1973
Emirate of Jabal Shammar 1836 – 1921
Victorian era 1837 – 1901
Natalia Republic 1839 – 1843
Kingdom of Kubang Pasu Darul Qiyam 1839 – 1859
Kingdom of Belgium 1839 –
Mthwakazi 1840 – 1895
López era 1841 – 1870
Raj of Sarawak 1841 – 1946
Colony of Natal 1843 – 1910
Second Federal Republic of Mexico 1846 – 1863
Serbian Vojvodina 1848 – 1849
German Empire 1848 – 1849
French Second Republic 1848 – 1852
Crown Colony of Labuan 1848 – 1946
Voivodeship of Serbia and Temes Banate 1849 – 1861
United States of America in 1849 – 1865 1849 – 1865
Second Empire of France 1852 – 1870
South African Republic 1852 – 1902
Orange Free State 1854 – 1902
Yeke Kingdom 1856 – 1891
Sultanate of Zanzibar 1856 – 1964
Sultanate of Muscat and Oman 1856 – 1970
Granadine Confederation 1858 – 1863
British Raj 1858 – 1947
Confederate States of America 1861 – 1865
Kingdom of Italy 1861 – 1946
Liberal governments in Argentina 1862 – 1880
Second Mexican Empire 1863 – 1867
United States of Colombia 1863 – 1886
French protectorate of Cambodia 1863 – 1945, 1945 – 1953
United States of America in 1865 – 1917 1865 – 1917
North German Confederation 1866 – 1871
Restored Republic of Mexico 1867 – 1876
Khedivate of Egypt 1867 – 1914
Russian Turkestan 1867 – 1917
Austro-Hungarian Monarchy 1867 – 1918
Meiji period 1868 – 1912
French Third Republic 1870 – 1940
allied occupation of Paraguay 1870 – 1876
Second Reich 1871 – 1918
Yemen vilayet 1872 – 1918
Aden Protectorate 1872 – 1963
First Spanish Republic 1873 – 1874
Bourbon Restoration 1874 – 1931
International African Association 1876 – 1879
Porfiriato 1876 – 1911
Principality of Bulgaria 1878 – 1908
International Association of the Congo 1879 – 1885
Conservative governments in Argentina 1880 – 1916
French rule in Tunisia 1881 – 1956
Malagasy Protectorate 1882 – 1897
Kingdom of Serbia 1882 – 1918
British rule in Egypt 1882 – 1922
British New Guinea / Territory of Papua 1882 – 1922
German New Guinea 1884 – 1920
Congo Free State 1885 – 1908
German East Africa 1885 – 1918
Bechuanaland Protectorate 1885 – 1966
Republic of Colombia 1886 –
  • One Hundred Years of Solitude {1967}
Colony of Madagascar and Dependencies 1887 – 1958
French Indochina 1887 – 1946
First Brazilian Republic 1889 – 1930
Parliamentary Era in Chile 1891 – 1925
Protectorate of Uganda 1895 – 1962
East Africa Protectorate 1895 – 1920
Federated Malay States 1895 – 1942, 1945 – 1946
Korean Empire 1897 – 1910
Edwardian era 1901 – 1914
Emirate of Riyadh 1902 – 1913
Orange River Colony 1902 – 1910
Transvaal Colony 1902 – 1910
Idrisid Emirate of Asir 1908 – 1930
Tsardom of Bulgaria 1908 – 1946
Belgian Congo 1908 – 1960
Mexican Revolution 1910 – 1920
Japanese rule in Korea 1910 – 1945
Union of South Africa 1910 – 1961
Bogd Khanate of Mongolia 1911 – 1915, 1921 – 1924
Italian rule in Libya 1911 – 1943
Taishō period 1912 – 1926
Tibet 1912 – 1951
French protectorate in Morocco 1912 – 1956
Republic of China 1912 –
Emirate of Nejd and Hasa 1913 – 1921
First World War 1914 – 1918
Sultanate of Egypt 1914 – 1922
Territory of New Guinea 1914 – 1975
Sheikdom of Upper Asir 1916 – 1920
Hashemite Kingdom of Hejaz 1916 – 1925
Radical governments in Argentina 1916 – 1930
Tanganyika Territory 1916 – 1961
Territory of Ruanda-Urundi 1916 – 1962
Ukrainian People's Republic 1917 – 1918, 1918 – 1921
Alash Autonomy 1917 – 1920
Russian Civil War 1917 – 1922
United States of America in 1917 – 1945 1917 – 1945
Ukrainian State 1918 – 1919
Belarusian Democratic Republic 1918 – 1919
Republic of German-Austria 1918 – 1919
West Ukrainian People's Republic 1918 – 1919
Weimar Republic 1918 – 1933
First Czechoslovak Republic 1918 – 1938
Second Polish Republic 1918 – 1939
Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes / Kingdom of Yugoslavia 1918 – 1941
Kingdom of Yemen 1918 – 1970
Arab Kingdom of Syria 1919 – 1920
Chinese rule in Mongolia 1919 – 1921
First Austrian Republic 1919 – 1934
Interwar Britain 1919 – 1939
  • The Hobbit {1937}
Interwar United States of America 1919 – 1939
Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic 1919 – 1991
Kazakh Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic 1920 – 1925
Kirghiz Autonomous Socialist Soviet Republic 1920 – 1925
Mandatory Palestine 1920 – 1948
Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic 1920 – 1991
post-revolutionary Mexico 1920 – 2000
Sultanate of Nejd 1921 – 1926
Kingdom of Iraq under British Administration 1921 – 1932
Syrian Federation 1922 – 1925
Kingdom of Egypt 1922 – 1953
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics 1922 – 1991
Second Hellenic Republic 1924 – 1935
Mongolian People's Republic 1924 – 1992
State of Syria 1925 – 1930
Presidential Republic in Chile 1925 – 1973
Pahlavi Iran 1925 – 1979
Kingdom of Hejaz and Nejd 1926 – 1932
Shōwa period 1926 – 1989
Great Depression era 1929 – 1939
Mandatory Syrian Republic 1930 – 1946
Second Brazilian Republic 1930 – 1937
Infamous Decade 1916 – 1943
Second Spanish Republic 1931 – 1939
Hashemite Kingdom of Iraq 1932 – 1958
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia 1932 –
Nazi Germany 1933 – 1945
Federal State of Austria 1934 – 1938
dictatorship of Rafael Franco 1936 – 1939
Francoist Spain 1936 – 1975
Kazakh Soviet Socialist Republic 1936 – 1991
Third Brazilian Republic 1937 – 1946
dictatorship of Estigarribia 1936 – 1940
Britain in the Second World War 1939 – 1945
United States of America in the Second World War 1939 – 1945
Free France 1940 – 1944
Vichy France 1940 – 1944
dictatorship of Morínigo 1940 – 1948
Territory of the Military Commander in Serbia 1941 – 1944
Japanese-occupied New Guinea 1941 – 1945
Japanese rule in Dutch East Indies 1942 – 1949
Argentina in 1943 – 1946 1943 – 1946
Allied administration of Libya 1943 – 1951
Provisional Republic of France 1944 – 1946
People's Republic of Serbia / Socialist Republic of Serbia / Republic of Serbia 1944 – 1992
Provisional Government of National Unity 1945 – 1947
Soviet Civil Administration in Korea 1945 – 1948
United States Army Military Government in Korea 1945 – 1948
Allied-occupied Germany 1945 – 1949
Democratic Republic of Vietnam 1945 – 1976
post-war Britain 1945 – 1979
  • The Lord of the Rings {1954 – 1955}
post-war United States of America 1945 – 1991
  • Silent Spring {1962}
Netherlands Antilles 1945 – 2010
Second Republic of Austria 1945 –
Malayan Union 1946 – 1948
Independent First Syrian Republic 1946 – 1950
Perón government in Argentina 1946 – 1955
French Fourth Republic 1946 – 1958
Fourth Brazilian Republic 1946 – 1964
People's Republic of Bulgaria 1946 – 1990
Italian Republic 1946 –
Union of India 1947 – 1950
Kingdom of Laos 1947 – 1975
Republic of Poland / Polish People's Republic 1947 – 1989
Provisional Central Government of Vietnam 1948 – 1949
Chaves goverment in Paraguay 1948 – 1954
Federation of Malaya 1948 – 1963
Czechoslovak Republic / Czechoslovak Socialist Republic 1948 – 1990
contemporary Myanmar 1948 –
Democratic People's Republic of Korea 1948 –
Republic of Korea 1948 –
State of Israel 1948 –
German Democratic Republic 1949 – 1990
United States of Indonesia 1949 – 1950
State of Vietnam 1949 – 1955
Federal Republic of Germany 1949 –
People's Republic of China 1949 –
Liberal Democracy period in Indonesia 1950 – 1959
Second Syrian Republic 1950 – 1963
Republic of India 1950 –
United Kingdom of Libya / Kingdom of Libya 1951 – 1969
First Kingdom of Cambodia 1953 – 1970
Lao People's Democratic Republic 1953 –
Republic of Egypt 1953 –
dictatorship of Alfredo Stroessner 1954 – 1989
Argentina in 1955 – 1958 1955 – 1958
Republic of Vietnam 1955 – 1975
Kingdom of Tunisia 1956 – 1957
First Republic of Tunisia 1956 – 2014
Kingdom of Morocco 1956 –
Argentina in 1958 – 1966 1958 – 1966
First Iraqi Republic 1958 – 1968
First Republic of Madagascar 1958 – 1975
French Fifth Republic 1958 –
Federation of the Emirates of the South 1959 – 1962
Guided Democracy period in Indonesia 1959 – 1966
Republic of the Congo / Democratic Republic of the Congo 1960 – 1971
Islamic Republic of Mauritania 1960 –
Tanganyika 1961 – 1964
Republic of South Africa 1961 –
Uganda in 1962 – 1963 1962 – 1963
Federation of South Arabia 1962 – 1967
Yemen Arab Republic 1962 – 1990
People's Democratic Republic of Algeria 1962 –
Republic of Burundi 1962 –
Republic of Rwanda 1962 –
First Nigerian Republic 1963 – 1966
First Republic of Uganda 1963 – 1971
Ba'athist Syria 1963 –
Malaysia 1963 –
People's Republic of Zanzibar 1964
Fifth Brazilian Republic 1964 – 1985
Republic of Kenya 1964 –
United Republic of Tanzania 1964 –
Republic of Singapore 1965 –
Argentina in 1966 – 1976 1966 – 1976
Nigeria in 1966 – 1979 1966 – 1979
New Order in Indonesia 1966 – 1998
Republic of Botswana 1966 –
People's Republic of South Yemen / People's Democratic Republic of Yemen 1967 – 1990
Ba'athist Iraq 1968 – 2003
Muammar Gaddafi government in Libya 1968 – 2003
Khmer Republic 1970 – 1975
Sultanate of Oman 1970 –
Second Republic of Uganda 1971 – 1979
Republic of Zaire 1971 – 1997
Greek junta 1973 – 1974
military dictatorship in Chile 1973 – 1990
Provisional Military Government of Socialist Ethiopia 1974 – 1987
Third Hellenic Republic 1974 –
Kampuchea / Democratic Kampuchea 1975 – 1982
Transition to democracy of Spain 1975 – 1982
Second Republic of Madagascar 1975 – 1992
National Reorganization Process 1976 – 1983
Socialist Republic of Vietnam 1976 –
Second Nigerian Republic 1979 – 1983
Third Republic of Uganda 1979 – 1986
People's Republic of Kampuchea 1979 – 1989
Islamic Republic of Iran 1979 –
contemporary Britain 1979 –
  • Harry Potter {1997 – 2007}
Kingdom of Spain 1982 –
dictatorship of Buhari 1983 – 1985
contemporary Argentina 1983 –
dictatorship of Babangida 1985 – 1992
Sixth Brazilian Republic 1985 –
contemporary Uganda 1986 –
People's Democratic Republic of Ethiopia 1987 – 1991
State of Cambodia 1989 – 1992
Heisei period 1989 – 2019
contemporary Paraguay 1989 –
Third Polish Republic 1989 –
contemporary Chile 1990 –
Republic of Bulgaria 1990 –
Republic of Yemen 1990 –
Czech and Slovak Federative Republic 1990 – 1992
Transitional Government of Ethiopia 1991 – 1995
Republic of Belarus 1991 –
contemporary Ukraine 1991 –
contemporary United States of America 1991 –
Republic of Kazakhstan 1991 –
Russian Federation 1991 –
Third Nigerian Republic 1992 – 1993
Republic of Serbia in 1992 – 2006 1992 – 2006
Third Republic of Madagascar 1992 – 2010
contemporary Mongolia 1992 –
Czech Republic 1992 –
Second Kingdom of Cambodia 1992 –
Slovak Republic 1992 –
dictatorship of Abacha 1993 – 1998
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia 1995 –
contemporary Democratic Republic of the Congo 1997 –
Reform era in Indonesia 1998 –
Fourth Nigerian Republic 1999 –
contemporary Mexico 2000 –
USA-occupied Iraq 2003 – 2011
Republic of Serbia 2006 –
Fourth Republic of Madagascar 2010 –
Iraq after USA withdraw 2011 –
post-Gaddafi Libya 2011 –
Second Republic of Tunisia 2014 –
Reiwa period 2019 –
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