Difference between revisions of "Language/Welsh/Grammar/Question-Words"

From Polyglot Club WIKI
< Language‎ | Welsh‎ | Grammar
Jump to navigation Jump to search
m (Quick edit)
m (Quick edit)
 
Line 9: Line 9:


{{Welsh-Page-Top}}
{{Welsh-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Welsh|Welsh]]  → [[Language/Welsh/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Questions and Negation → Question Words</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Welsh|Welsh]]  → [[Language/Welsh/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Question Words</div>
 
Welcome to this engaging lesson on '''Welsh Question Words'''! As you embark on your journey to learn Welsh, understanding question words is essential. They will empower you to ask questions, seek clarification, and engage in meaningful conversations. In Welsh, just like in English, questions form the backbone of communication. Whether you’re curious about someone's name, the time, or the reasons behind a tradition, knowing how to ask will significantly enhance your language skills.
 
In this lesson, we will cover:
 
* An introduction to Welsh question words.
 
* Detailed explanations and examples of each question word.
 
* How to form basic questions in Welsh.
 
* Practice exercises to reinforce your learning.
 
Let’s get started!
 
__TOC__
__TOC__


== Introduction ==
=== Introduction to Question Words ===
 
In Welsh, question words, or "geiriau cwestiwn", are fundamental in constructing questions. They help you gather information and express curiosity. Here are the primary question words you’ll encounter:
 
* '''Pwy''' (Who)
 
* '''Beth''' (What)
 
* '''Pryd''' (When)
 
* '''Ble''' (Where)
 
* '''Pam''' (Why)
 
* '''Sut''' (How)
 
Mastering these words will not only enhance your vocabulary but also give you the confidence to interact more freely. Each question word serves a unique function and opens the door to a world of inquiry.
 
=== The Question Words in Detail ===
 
==== Pwy (Who) ====
 
The word '''Pwy''' is used to ask about people. It’s an invitation to learn more about someone’s identity.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Welsh !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Pwy yw hwn? || pʊɨ̯ juː hʊn? || Who is this?
 
|-
 
| Pwy sy'n dod? || pʊɨ̯ sɪn dɔd? || Who is coming?
 
|-
 
| Pwy yw eich ffrind? || pʊɨ̯ juː aɪ̯χ frɪnd? || Who is your friend?
 
|-
 
| Pwy wnaeth hyn? || pʊɨ̯ wnaɪ̯θ hɪn? || Who did this?
 
|-
 
| Pwy sydd yn y tŷ? || pʊɨ̯ sɪð ɪn ə tɪː? || Who is in the house?
 
|}
 
==== Beth (What) ====
 
'''Beth''' is the go-to word for inquiries about objects, concepts, or actions.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Welsh !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Beth yw hwn? || bɛθ juː hʊn? || What is this?
 
|-
 
| Beth sy'n digwydd? || bɛθ sɪn dɪɡwɪð? || What is happening?
 
|-
 
| Beth yw'r amser? || bɛθ juːr ˈam.sɛr? || What is the time?
 
|-
 
| Beth wyt ti'n hoffi? || bɛθ uɨt tiːn hɔfɪ? || What do you like?
 
|-
 
| Beth ddigwyddodd? || bɛθ ˈðɪɡ.wɪð.ɔð? || What happened?
 
|}
 
==== Pryd (When) ====
 
Asking about time? '''Pryd''' is your best friend!
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Welsh !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Pryd ydy hi? || prɨd ˈə.dɪ hiː? || When is she?
 
|-
 
| Pryd mae'r gêm? || prɨd maɪ̯r ɡeɪ̯m? || When is the game?
 
|-
 
| Pryd wyt ti'n mynd? || prɨd uɨt tiːn mɪnd? || When are you going?
 
|-
 
| Pryd bydd hi'n dychwelyd? || prɨd bɨð hiːn ˈðəχ.wɛ.lɪd? || When will she return?
 
|-
 
| Pryd ydy'r cyfarfod? || prɨd ˈədɪr kəˈvaːr.fɔd? || When is the meeting?
 
|}
 
==== Ble (Where) ====
 
To inquire about locations, use '''Ble'''.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Welsh !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Ble mae'r to? || bleɪ̯ maɪ̯r tɔ? || Where is the roof?
 
|-
 
| Ble wyt ti'n byw? || bleɪ̯ uɨt tiːn bɪv? || Where do you live?
 
|-
 
| Ble ydy'r siop? || bleɪ̯ ˈədɪr ʃɔp? || Where is the shop?
 
|-
 
| Ble mae'r ysgol? || bleɪ̯ maɪ̯r ˈɪs.ɡɔl? || Where is the school?
 
|-
 
| Ble wnaethoch chi fynd? || bleɪ̯ wnaɪ̯θɔχ χiː vɪnd? || Where did you go?
 
|}
 
==== Pam (Why) ====
 
Understanding motives? Use '''Pam''' to ask why.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Welsh !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Pam wyt ti'n cryfhau? || pam uɨt tiːn ˈkʊr.χaɪ̯? || Why are you strengthening?
 
|-
 
| Pam mae'n oer? || pam maɪ̯n ɔɪ̯r? || Why is it cold?
 
|-
 
| Pam wnaethoch chi wneud hynny? || pam wnaɪ̯θɔχ χiː nʊɨð hɪn? || Why did you do that?
 
|-
 
| Pam ydy'r gân yma? || pam ˈədɪr ɡan ˈə.mə? || Why is this song?
 
|-
 
| Pam wyt ti'n hapus? || pam uɨt tiːn ˈha.pɪs? || Why are you happy?
 
|}
 
==== Sut (How) ====
 
Lastly, '''Sut''' helps you ask about the manner or method of doing something.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Welsh !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Sut wyt ti? || sɪt uɨt tiː? || How are you?
 
|-
 
| Sut mae'r gwaith? || sɪt maɪ̯r ɡwaɪ̯θ? || How is the work?
 
|-
 
| Sut ddigwyddodd hyn? || sɪt ˈðɪɡ.wɪð.ɔð hɪn? || How did this happen?
 
|-
 
| Sut wyt ti'n teimlo? || sɪt uɨt tiːn ˈteɪ̯m.lɔ? || How do you feel?
 
|-
 
| Sut gallaf helpu? || sɪt ˈɡaɬ.lav ˈhɛl.pɪ? || How can I help?
 
|}
 
=== Forming Basic Questions ===
 
Now that we’ve covered the question words, let’s explore how to form basic questions in Welsh. The structure is relatively simple and straightforward.
 
1. Start with the question word.
 
2. Follow it with the verb (if applicable).
 
3. Add the subject.
 
4. Complete with any additional information.
 
For example:
 
* '''Pwy''' (Who) '''sy’n''' (is) '''y fam''' (the mother)?


Welcome to the lesson on Welsh question words! In this comprehensive and in-depth lesson, we will explore the importance of question words in the context of the Welsh language. Understanding question words is essential for effective communication and building conversational skills. We will delve into the details of question words and how to form basic questions, providing clear explanations and numerous examples to illustrate each point. Additionally, we will explore any regional variations in the usage or understanding of question words, as well as share interesting cultural facts and anecdotes related to this topic. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid grasp of Welsh question words and be able to confidently use them in your conversations.
* Translation: Who is the mother?


== The Importance of Question Words ==
Here are some more examples using all the question words:


Question words play a vital role in any language as they enable us to seek information, clarify doubts, and engage in meaningful conversations. In Welsh, question words help us gather specific details about people, objects, actions, time, place, reason, and manner. By using question words, we can inquire about someone's identity, ask for directions, understand the motive behind an action, or explore the characteristics of an object. Mastering question words is crucial for developing conversational skills and deepening your understanding of the Welsh language.
{| class="wikitable"


== Structure of the Lesson ==
! Welsh !! Pronunciation !! English


This lesson is divided into several sections to ensure a comprehensive and engaging learning experience. We will start by introducing the different question words in Welsh and their usage. Each question word will be explained in detail, with examples provided to illustrate how they are used in sentences. We will also cover the formation of basic questions using question words, including the word order and syntax. Following that, we will explore any regional variations or historical reasons for differences in the usage or understanding of question words in different parts of Wales. This cultural section will provide valuable insights into the rich linguistic diversity within the Welsh language. Finally, we will conclude the lesson with a series of exercises and practice scenarios where you can apply what you have learned. Solutions and explanations will be provided to help you reinforce your understanding of question words in Welsh.
|-


== Question Words ==
| Pwy sy'n dod i'r parti? || pʊɨ̯ sɪn dɔd iːr ˈpar.tɪ? || Who is coming to the party?


Question words are an essential part of any language, and Welsh is no exception. In this section, we will introduce the most common question words in Welsh and provide detailed explanations for each. Let's begin!
|-


=== Who (Pwy) ===
| Beth sy'n digwydd? || bɛθ sɪn dɪɡwɪð? || What is happening?


The question word "who" is used when we want to inquire about a person's identity. It can be used to ask about the subject of a sentence or the object of an action. Here are some examples:
|-


* Pwy yw'r dyn hwn? (Who is this man?)
| Pryd fydd hi'n cyrraedd? || prɨd vɨð hiːn ˈkə.ræð? || When will she arrive?
* Pwy wyt ti'n gweld? (Who do you see?)


As you can see, "pwy" is used at the beginning of the sentence to indicate that we are asking about a person's identity. It is followed by the verb and the rest of the sentence. Practice using "pwy" in different contexts to become more comfortable with this question word.
|-


=== What (Beth) ===
| Ble mae'r gegin? || bleɪ̯ maɪ̯r ˈɡɛ.ɡɪn? || Where is the kitchen?


The question word "what" is used when we want to inquire about an object or an action. It can be used to ask about the nature or characteristics of something or to seek information about an action or event. Here are some examples:
|-


* Beth yw hwn? (What is this?)
| Pam wnaethoch chi wneud hynny? || pam wnaɪ̯θɔχ χiː nʊɨð hɪn? || Why did you do that?
* Beth wyt ti'n gwneud? (What are you doing?)


In these examples, "beth" is used at the beginning of the sentence to indicate that we are asking about an object or an action. It is followed by the verb and the rest of the sentence. Practice using "beth" in different contexts to enhance your understanding of this question word.
|-


=== When (Pryd) ===
| Sut wyt ti'n teimlo? || sɪt uɨt tiːn ˈteɪ̯m.lɔ? || How do you feel?


The question word "when" is used when we want to inquire about a specific time or period. It can be used to ask about the time of an event, an appointment, or a future plan. Here are some examples:
|}


* Pryd yw'r cinio? (When is lunch?)
=== Practice Exercises ===
* Pryd wyt ti'n mynd i'r sinema? (When are you going to the cinema?)


In these examples, "pryd" is used at the beginning of the sentence to indicate that we are asking about a specific time. It is followed by the verb and the rest of the sentence. Practice using "pryd" in different contexts to develop your skills in asking about time-related information.
To help reinforce your understanding of Welsh question words, here are some exercises. Try to answer the questions using the correct question word.


=== Where (Ble) ===
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ====


The question word "where" is used when we want to inquire about a specific location or place. It can be used to ask about the whereabouts of someone or to seek information about a particular place. Here are some examples:
Complete the sentences using the appropriate question word.


* Ble mae'r llyfr? (Where is the book?)
1. ______ yw'r pen? (What)
* Ble wyt ti'n byw? (Where do you live?)


In these examples, "ble" is used at the beginning of the sentence to indicate that we are asking about a location or place. It is followed by the verb and the rest of the sentence. Practice using "ble" in different contexts to improve your ability to ask about specific places.
2. ______ ydy hi? (Who)


=== Why (Pam) ===
3. ______ wyt ti'n mynd? (When)


The question word "why" is used when we want to inquire about the reason or motive behind something. It can be used to ask for an explanation or to understand the purpose of an action. Here are some examples:
4. ______ mae'r tŷ? (Where)


* Pam wyt ti'n chwerthin? (Why are you laughing?)
5. ______ wnaethoch chi? (What)
* Pam oedd hi'n boeni? (Why was she worried?)


In these examples, "pam" is used at the beginning of the sentence to indicate that we are asking about the reason or motive. It is followed by the verb and the rest of the sentence. Practice using "pam" in different contexts to gain a better understanding of the reasons behind actions or emotions.
''Solutions:''


=== How (Sut) ===
1. Beth yw'r pen?


The question word "how" is used when we want to inquire about the manner or method of doing something. It can be used to ask for instructions or to seek information about the process of an action. Here are some examples:
2. Pwy ydy hi?


* Sut wyt ti'n coginio'r fwyd? (How do you cook the food?)
3. Pryd wyt ti'n mynd?
* Sut ydych chi'n ysgrifennu'r llythyr? (How do you write the letter?)


In these examples, "sut" is used at the beginning of the sentence to indicate that we are asking about the manner or method. It is followed by the verb and the rest of the sentence. Practice using "sut" in different contexts to enhance your ability to ask about procedures or techniques.
4. Ble mae'r tŷ?


== Forming Basic Questions ==
5. Beth wnaethoch chi?


Now that we have learned about the different question words in Welsh, let's explore how to form basic questions using these question words. In Welsh, the word order in questions is different from that in statements. In statements, the subject usually comes before the verb, but in questions, the verb comes before the subject. Let's look at some examples:
==== Exercise 2: Short Answers ====


* Dych chi'n hoffi coffi? (Do you like coffee?)
Respond to the following questions in Welsh.
* Wyt ti'n mynd i'r parti? (Are you going to the party?)


In these examples, the verb "dych" and "wyt" come before the subject "chi" and "ti," respectively. This word order change is what distinguishes questions from statements in Welsh. Additionally, the question words we have learned earlier can be used at the beginning of the sentence to indicate the type of question being asked. Practice forming basic questions using different question words and sentence structures to become more comfortable with this concept.
1. Pwy sy'n dy ffrind? (Who is your friend?)


== Cultural Insights ==
2. Beth ydy'r amser? (What is the time?)


Welsh is a language rich in cultural nuances and regional variations. In this section, we will explore any regional differences in the usage or understanding of question words. It is important to note that while the basic question words we have covered are widely understood across Wales, there may be some variations in dialects or local communities. Let's take a closer look at these regional variations and their historical reasons.
3. Pryd wyt ti'n dod? (When are you coming?)


In some parts of North Wales, the question word "pwy" is pronounced as "poo-ee" instead of "poo-ee." This slight variation in pronunciation does not affect the meaning or usage of the question word but adds a distinct regional flavor to the language. Similarly, the question word "sut" is sometimes pronounced as "sit" in certain dialects of South Wales. These regional variations add to the linguistic diversity of the Welsh language and highlight the cultural richness of the country.
4. Ble wyt ti'n byw? (Where do you live?)


Historically, the usage of question words in Welsh has been influenced by factors such as local customs, migration patterns, and historical events. For example, in areas with a strong English influence, the question word "where" may be pronounced as "wer," reflecting the phonetic characteristics of the English language. These historical influences have contributed to the evolution of the Welsh language and its variations across different regions.
5. Pam wyt ti'n hapus? (Why are you happy?)


== Exercises ==
''Solutions:''


Now, let's put your knowledge of question words into practice with some exercises. Answer the following questions using the appropriate question word and sentence structure:
1. Mae ______ (My friend is ______)


1. _______ wyt ti'n byw? (Where do you live?)
2. Ydy'r amser ______ (The time is ______)
2. _______ yw'r dyn hwn? (Who is this man?)
 
3. _______ yw'r bwyd hwn? (What is this food?)
3. Dw i'n dod ______ (I am coming ______)
4. _______ wyt ti'n mynd? (Why are you going?)
 
5. _______ wyt ti'n gwneud yn y swyddfa? (What are you doing in the office?)
4. Dw i'n byw ______ (I live ______)
 
5. Dwi'n hapus oherwydd ______ (I am happy because ______)
 
==== Exercise 3: Create Your Questions ====
 
Using the question words, create questions for the following answers.
 
1. ______ yw'r gêm? (What is the game?)
 
2. ______ sy'n dod i'r cinio? (Who is coming to dinner?)
 
3. ______ ydy'r penwythnos? (When is the weekend?)
 
4. ______ mae'r llyfr? (Where is the book?)
 
5. ______ wnaethoch chi wneud? (What did you do?)
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Beth yw'r gêm?
 
2. Pwy sy'n dod i'r cinio?
 
3. Pryd ydy'r penwythnos?
 
4. Ble mae'r llyfr?
 
5. Beth wnaethoch chi wneud?
 
==== Exercise 4: Match the Questions ====
 
Match the question words with their meanings.
 
| Welsh  | English      |
 
|---------|---------------|
 
| Pwy    | a) Why      |
 
| Beth    | b) What      |
 
| Pryd    | c) When      |
 
| Ble    | d) Where    |
 
| Pam    | e) Who      |
 
| Sut    | f) How      |
 
''Solutions:''
 
* Pwy → e
 
* Beth → b
 
* Pryd → c
 
* Ble → d
 
* Pam → a
 
* Sut → f
 
==== Exercise 5: Role-Playing ====
 
Pair up with a partner and use the question words to ask each other about your day. Take turns and see how many questions you can ask!
 
''Example Dialogue:''
 
* A: Pwy wnaeth y gwaith? (Who did the work?)
 
* B: Beth yw'r cyfnod? (What is the period?)
 
Continue this exercise until you've asked at least five questions each!
 
==== Exercise 6: Translate the Questions ====
 
Translate the following questions into Welsh.
 
1. What is your name?
 
2. When is the meeting?
 
3. Where is the bus station?
 
4. Who is your teacher?
 
5. Why are you learning Welsh?
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Beth yw dy enw di?
 
2. Pryd ydy'r cyfarfod?
 
3. Ble mae'r gorsaf fysiau?
 
4. Pwy yw dy athro di?
 
5. Pam wyt ti'n dysgu Cymraeg?
 
==== Exercise 7: Yes or No Questions ====
 
Transform the following statements into yes or no questions using the question words.
 
1. You are happy.
 
2. She is coming.
 
3. They are here.
 
4. It is cold.
 
5. He is your friend.
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Wyt ti'n hapus? (Are you happy?)
 
2. Ydy hi'n dod? (Is she coming?)
 
3. Ydyn nhw yma? (Are they here?)
 
4. Ydy hi'n oer? (Is it cold?)
 
5. Ydy e'n ffrind i ti? (Is he your friend?)
 
==== Exercise 8: Write a Short Dialogue ====
 
Write a short dialogue using at least three different question words.
 
''Example:''
 
A: Pwy sy'n dod? (Who is coming?)
 
B: Mae Tom yn dod. (Tom is coming.)
 
A: Pryd ydy o'n cyrraedd? (When is he arriving?)
 
B: Mae o'n cyrraedd am wyth. (He is arriving at eight.)
 
''Solutions will vary based on student responses.''
 
==== Exercise 9: Identify the Question Word ====
 
Read the following sentences and identify the question word used.
 
1. Pam wyt ti'n hoffi siocled?
 
2. Ble wyt ti'n gweithio?
 
3. Pryd mae'r cyfarfod?
 
4. Pwy ydy'r gŵr hwn?
 
5. Beth wnaethoch chi?
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Pam
 
2. Ble
 
3. Pryd
 
4. Pwy


Solutions:
1. Ble
2. Pwy
3. Beth
4. Pam
5. Beth
5. Beth


Explanation: In the first question, we are asking about the location or place someone lives, so we use the question word "ble." In the second question, we are inquiring about the identity of a person, so we use the question word "pwy." In the third question, we want to know the nature or characteristics of a food item, so we use the question word "beth." In the fourth question, we are asking about the reason or motive behind someone's action, so we use the question word "pam." In the fifth question, we are seeking information about someone's actions in a specific location, so we use the question word "beth."
==== Exercise 10: Group Activity ====


== Conclusion ==
Form small groups and take turns asking questions using the question words. Make sure to change the subject with each turn.


Congratulations! You have completed the lesson on Welsh question words. By understanding and mastering question words, you have taken a significant step towards developing your conversational skills in Welsh. Remember to practice using question words in different contexts and sentence structures to reinforce your understanding. The cultural insights provided in this lesson offer a deeper appreciation for the linguistic diversity within the Welsh language. Keep up the great work, and continue exploring the fascinating world of the Welsh language!
''Example:''
 
* A: Pwy yw'r athro? (Who is the teacher?)
 
* B: Mae ______ (the teacher is ______)
 
This activity will not only solidify your understanding but also make learning fun!
 
=== Conclusion ===
 
Congratulations on completing this lesson on Welsh question words! You've taken significant strides in your Welsh language journey, and mastering these question words is a vital step towards effective communication. Remember to practice regularly, and don't hesitate to use these words in your conversations. The more you engage with the language, the more confident you'll become.
 
Keep exploring, keep asking questions, and enjoy your Welsh learning adventure!


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Welsh Grammar → Questions and Negation → Question Words
 
|keywords=Welsh, question words, Welsh question words, forming questions in Welsh, Welsh grammar, Welsh language
|title=Welsh Grammar: Question Words
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about Welsh question words and how to form basic questions. Explore the cultural nuances and regional variations within the Welsh language. Engage in exercises to apply your knowledge and enhance your conversational skills.
 
|keywords=Welsh question words, learn Welsh, Welsh language, beginner Welsh, Welsh grammar
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn the essential question words in Welsh, how to form basic questions, and practice exercises to reinforce your learning.
 
}}
}}


{{Welsh-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
{{Template:Welsh-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}


[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Course]]
Line 134: Line 533:
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Welsh-0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Welsh-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>


==Videos==
==Videos==

Latest revision as of 15:07, 2 August 2024

◀️ Telling Time — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Negation ▶️

Welsh-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Welsh → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Question Words

Welcome to this engaging lesson on Welsh Question Words! As you embark on your journey to learn Welsh, understanding question words is essential. They will empower you to ask questions, seek clarification, and engage in meaningful conversations. In Welsh, just like in English, questions form the backbone of communication. Whether you’re curious about someone's name, the time, or the reasons behind a tradition, knowing how to ask will significantly enhance your language skills.

In this lesson, we will cover:

  • An introduction to Welsh question words.
  • Detailed explanations and examples of each question word.
  • How to form basic questions in Welsh.
  • Practice exercises to reinforce your learning.

Let’s get started!

Introduction to Question Words[edit | edit source]

In Welsh, question words, or "geiriau cwestiwn", are fundamental in constructing questions. They help you gather information and express curiosity. Here are the primary question words you’ll encounter:

  • Pwy (Who)
  • Beth (What)
  • Pryd (When)
  • Ble (Where)
  • Pam (Why)
  • Sut (How)

Mastering these words will not only enhance your vocabulary but also give you the confidence to interact more freely. Each question word serves a unique function and opens the door to a world of inquiry.

The Question Words in Detail[edit | edit source]

Pwy (Who)[edit | edit source]

The word Pwy is used to ask about people. It’s an invitation to learn more about someone’s identity.

Welsh Pronunciation English
Pwy yw hwn? pʊɨ̯ juː hʊn? Who is this?
Pwy sy'n dod? pʊɨ̯ sɪn dɔd? Who is coming?
Pwy yw eich ffrind? pʊɨ̯ juː aɪ̯χ frɪnd? Who is your friend?
Pwy wnaeth hyn? pʊɨ̯ wnaɪ̯θ hɪn? Who did this?
Pwy sydd yn y tŷ? pʊɨ̯ sɪð ɪn ə tɪː? Who is in the house?

Beth (What)[edit | edit source]

Beth is the go-to word for inquiries about objects, concepts, or actions.

Welsh Pronunciation English
Beth yw hwn? bɛθ juː hʊn? What is this?
Beth sy'n digwydd? bɛθ sɪn dɪɡwɪð? What is happening?
Beth yw'r amser? bɛθ juːr ˈam.sɛr? What is the time?
Beth wyt ti'n hoffi? bɛθ uɨt tiːn hɔfɪ? What do you like?
Beth ddigwyddodd? bɛθ ˈðɪɡ.wɪð.ɔð? What happened?

Pryd (When)[edit | edit source]

Asking about time? Pryd is your best friend!

Welsh Pronunciation English
Pryd ydy hi? prɨd ˈə.dɪ hiː? When is she?
Pryd mae'r gêm? prɨd maɪ̯r ɡeɪ̯m? When is the game?
Pryd wyt ti'n mynd? prɨd uɨt tiːn mɪnd? When are you going?
Pryd bydd hi'n dychwelyd? prɨd bɨð hiːn ˈðəχ.wɛ.lɪd? When will she return?
Pryd ydy'r cyfarfod? prɨd ˈədɪr kəˈvaːr.fɔd? When is the meeting?

Ble (Where)[edit | edit source]

To inquire about locations, use Ble.

Welsh Pronunciation English
Ble mae'r to? bleɪ̯ maɪ̯r tɔ? Where is the roof?
Ble wyt ti'n byw? bleɪ̯ uɨt tiːn bɪv? Where do you live?
Ble ydy'r siop? bleɪ̯ ˈədɪr ʃɔp? Where is the shop?
Ble mae'r ysgol? bleɪ̯ maɪ̯r ˈɪs.ɡɔl? Where is the school?
Ble wnaethoch chi fynd? bleɪ̯ wnaɪ̯θɔχ χiː vɪnd? Where did you go?

Pam (Why)[edit | edit source]

Understanding motives? Use Pam to ask why.

Welsh Pronunciation English
Pam wyt ti'n cryfhau? pam uɨt tiːn ˈkʊr.χaɪ̯? Why are you strengthening?
Pam mae'n oer? pam maɪ̯n ɔɪ̯r? Why is it cold?
Pam wnaethoch chi wneud hynny? pam wnaɪ̯θɔχ χiː nʊɨð hɪn? Why did you do that?
Pam ydy'r gân yma? pam ˈədɪr ɡan ˈə.mə? Why is this song?
Pam wyt ti'n hapus? pam uɨt tiːn ˈha.pɪs? Why are you happy?

Sut (How)[edit | edit source]

Lastly, Sut helps you ask about the manner or method of doing something.

Welsh Pronunciation English
Sut wyt ti? sɪt uɨt tiː? How are you?
Sut mae'r gwaith? sɪt maɪ̯r ɡwaɪ̯θ? How is the work?
Sut ddigwyddodd hyn? sɪt ˈðɪɡ.wɪð.ɔð hɪn? How did this happen?
Sut wyt ti'n teimlo? sɪt uɨt tiːn ˈteɪ̯m.lɔ? How do you feel?
Sut gallaf helpu? sɪt ˈɡaɬ.lav ˈhɛl.pɪ? How can I help?

Forming Basic Questions[edit | edit source]

Now that we’ve covered the question words, let’s explore how to form basic questions in Welsh. The structure is relatively simple and straightforward.

1. Start with the question word.

2. Follow it with the verb (if applicable).

3. Add the subject.

4. Complete with any additional information.

For example:

  • Pwy (Who) sy’n (is) y fam (the mother)?
  • Translation: Who is the mother?

Here are some more examples using all the question words:

Welsh Pronunciation English
Pwy sy'n dod i'r parti? pʊɨ̯ sɪn dɔd iːr ˈpar.tɪ? Who is coming to the party?
Beth sy'n digwydd? bɛθ sɪn dɪɡwɪð? What is happening?
Pryd fydd hi'n cyrraedd? prɨd vɨð hiːn ˈkə.ræð? When will she arrive?
Ble mae'r gegin? bleɪ̯ maɪ̯r ˈɡɛ.ɡɪn? Where is the kitchen?
Pam wnaethoch chi wneud hynny? pam wnaɪ̯θɔχ χiː nʊɨð hɪn? Why did you do that?
Sut wyt ti'n teimlo? sɪt uɨt tiːn ˈteɪ̯m.lɔ? How do you feel?

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

To help reinforce your understanding of Welsh question words, here are some exercises. Try to answer the questions using the correct question word.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences using the appropriate question word.

1. ______ yw'r pen? (What)

2. ______ ydy hi? (Who)

3. ______ wyt ti'n mynd? (When)

4. ______ mae'r tŷ? (Where)

5. ______ wnaethoch chi? (What)

Solutions:

1. Beth yw'r pen?

2. Pwy ydy hi?

3. Pryd wyt ti'n mynd?

4. Ble mae'r tŷ?

5. Beth wnaethoch chi?

Exercise 2: Short Answers[edit | edit source]

Respond to the following questions in Welsh.

1. Pwy sy'n dy ffrind? (Who is your friend?)

2. Beth ydy'r amser? (What is the time?)

3. Pryd wyt ti'n dod? (When are you coming?)

4. Ble wyt ti'n byw? (Where do you live?)

5. Pam wyt ti'n hapus? (Why are you happy?)

Solutions:

1. Mae ______ (My friend is ______)

2. Ydy'r amser ______ (The time is ______)

3. Dw i'n dod ______ (I am coming ______)

4. Dw i'n byw ______ (I live ______)

5. Dwi'n hapus oherwydd ______ (I am happy because ______)

Exercise 3: Create Your Questions[edit | edit source]

Using the question words, create questions for the following answers.

1. ______ yw'r gêm? (What is the game?)

2. ______ sy'n dod i'r cinio? (Who is coming to dinner?)

3. ______ ydy'r penwythnos? (When is the weekend?)

4. ______ mae'r llyfr? (Where is the book?)

5. ______ wnaethoch chi wneud? (What did you do?)

Solutions:

1. Beth yw'r gêm?

2. Pwy sy'n dod i'r cinio?

3. Pryd ydy'r penwythnos?

4. Ble mae'r llyfr?

5. Beth wnaethoch chi wneud?

Exercise 4: Match the Questions[edit | edit source]

Match the question words with their meanings.

| Welsh | English |

|---------|---------------|

| Pwy | a) Why |

| Beth | b) What |

| Pryd | c) When |

| Ble | d) Where |

| Pam | e) Who |

| Sut | f) How |

Solutions:

  • Pwy → e
  • Beth → b
  • Pryd → c
  • Ble → d
  • Pam → a
  • Sut → f

Exercise 5: Role-Playing[edit | edit source]

Pair up with a partner and use the question words to ask each other about your day. Take turns and see how many questions you can ask!

Example Dialogue:

  • A: Pwy wnaeth y gwaith? (Who did the work?)
  • B: Beth yw'r cyfnod? (What is the period?)

Continue this exercise until you've asked at least five questions each!

Exercise 6: Translate the Questions[edit | edit source]

Translate the following questions into Welsh.

1. What is your name?

2. When is the meeting?

3. Where is the bus station?

4. Who is your teacher?

5. Why are you learning Welsh?

Solutions:

1. Beth yw dy enw di?

2. Pryd ydy'r cyfarfod?

3. Ble mae'r gorsaf fysiau?

4. Pwy yw dy athro di?

5. Pam wyt ti'n dysgu Cymraeg?

Exercise 7: Yes or No Questions[edit | edit source]

Transform the following statements into yes or no questions using the question words.

1. You are happy.

2. She is coming.

3. They are here.

4. It is cold.

5. He is your friend.

Solutions:

1. Wyt ti'n hapus? (Are you happy?)

2. Ydy hi'n dod? (Is she coming?)

3. Ydyn nhw yma? (Are they here?)

4. Ydy hi'n oer? (Is it cold?)

5. Ydy e'n ffrind i ti? (Is he your friend?)

Exercise 8: Write a Short Dialogue[edit | edit source]

Write a short dialogue using at least three different question words.

Example:

A: Pwy sy'n dod? (Who is coming?)

B: Mae Tom yn dod. (Tom is coming.)

A: Pryd ydy o'n cyrraedd? (When is he arriving?)

B: Mae o'n cyrraedd am wyth. (He is arriving at eight.)

Solutions will vary based on student responses.

Exercise 9: Identify the Question Word[edit | edit source]

Read the following sentences and identify the question word used.

1. Pam wyt ti'n hoffi siocled?

2. Ble wyt ti'n gweithio?

3. Pryd mae'r cyfarfod?

4. Pwy ydy'r gŵr hwn?

5. Beth wnaethoch chi?

Solutions:

1. Pam

2. Ble

3. Pryd

4. Pwy

5. Beth

Exercise 10: Group Activity[edit | edit source]

Form small groups and take turns asking questions using the question words. Make sure to change the subject with each turn.

Example:

  • A: Pwy yw'r athro? (Who is the teacher?)
  • B: Mae ______ (the teacher is ______)

This activity will not only solidify your understanding but also make learning fun!

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations on completing this lesson on Welsh question words! You've taken significant strides in your Welsh language journey, and mastering these question words is a vital step towards effective communication. Remember to practice regularly, and don't hesitate to use these words in your conversations. The more you engage with the language, the more confident you'll become.

Keep exploring, keep asking questions, and enjoy your Welsh learning adventure!

Table of Contents - Welsh Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Pronouns and Verbs


Numbers and Time


Questions and Negation


Family and Relationships


Adjectives and Adverbs


Food and Drink


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Welsh Traditions and Celebrations


Hobbies and Leisure


Present Continuous and Future


Travel and Transportation


Welsh Literature and History

Videos[edit | edit source]

20 Questions - Welsh language quiz - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Welsh and Cornish languages compared - numbers and questions ...[edit | edit source]



Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]




◀️ Telling Time — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Negation ▶️

Retrieved from "https://polyglotclub.com/wiki/index.php?title=Language/Welsh/Grammar/Question-Words&oldid=298198"