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{{Central-kurdish-Page-Top}}
{{Central-kurdish-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Central-kurdish|Central Kurdish]]  → [[Language/Central-kurdish/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Central-kurdish/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Common Prepositions</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Central-kurdish|Central Kurdish]]  → [[Language/Central-kurdish/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Central-kurdish/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Common Prepositions</div>
 
Welcome to the lesson on '''Common Prepositions''' in Central Kurdish! Understanding prepositions is essential for anyone looking to express relationships between objects, people, and locations. They may seem small, but they pack a punch when it comes to constructing meaningful sentences. In this lesson, we will explore how to use common prepositions such as "in", "on", "at", and many more in Central Kurdish. By the end of this lesson, you will feel more comfortable using these essential words in your conversations and writings.
 
Before we dive in, let’s outline what you can expect in this lesson:
 
* '''Introduction to Prepositions''': What they are and why they're important.
 
* '''Common Prepositions''': A comprehensive list with examples.
 
* '''Practice Exercises''': To reinforce your understanding and application of the prepositions.
 
__TOC__
__TOC__


== Introduction ==
=== Introduction to Prepositions ===
 
Prepositions are words that help us express various relationships in our sentences. They can indicate time, place, direction, and more. In Central Kurdish, mastering prepositions will elevate your language skills and help you communicate more effectively. Each preposition can change the meaning of a sentence significantly, so it's crucial to use them correctly.


Welcome to the lesson on common prepositions in Central Kurdish! Prepositions are an essential part of any language, as they help us express relationships between objects, people, and locations. In this lesson, we will explore the most commonly used prepositions in Central Kurdish and learn how to use them in a variety of contexts. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of how to use prepositions effectively in your conversations and writing.
=== Common Prepositions ===


== The Importance of Prepositions in Central Kurdish ==
In this section, we will cover some of the most commonly used prepositions in Central Kurdish. Here is a list of prepositions we will explore:


Prepositions play a crucial role in the Central Kurdish language. They provide important information about the location, direction, time, and relationship between different elements in a sentence. By using prepositions correctly, you can convey precise meanings and ensure that your message is clear and accurate.
* '''لە (la)''' - in


Understanding and using prepositions correctly is essential for effective communication in Central Kurdish. Whether you are describing the location of an object, talking about an event that happened in the past, or expressing your plans for the future, prepositions will help you convey your thoughts accurately. Mastering prepositions will also allow you to understand and interpret the meaning of sentences more easily.
* '''سەر (sar)''' - on


In this lesson, we will focus on the most commonly used prepositions in Central Kurdish. We will explore their meanings, usage, and provide numerous examples to illustrate each point. We will also delve into any regional variations in the usage or understanding of these prepositions, as well as share interesting cultural facts or anecdotes related to the topic.
* '''لەگەڵ (legel)''' - with


So let's dive into the world of prepositions and discover how they can enhance your Central Kurdish language skills!
* '''بەر (ber)''' - in front of


== Common Prepositions in Central Kurdish ==
* '''ژێر (jêr)''' - under


=== 1. In ===
* '''بەرەو (berêw)''' - towards


The preposition "in" in Central Kurdish is translated as "لە" (le) and is used to indicate location or inclusion within a specific area. It is also used to express time when referring to a period or duration. Let's take a look at some examples:
* '''لای (lay)''' - beside
 
* '''بەرز (berz)''' - above
 
* '''نێوان (newan)''' - between
 
* '''بەوە (bawa)''' - from
 
Let's take a closer look at each one with examples.
 
==== Preposition: لە (la) - in ====
 
This preposition indicates a location within something.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Central Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
 
! Central Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| لە کوردستان || le Kurdistan || in Kurdistan
 
| لە ماڵەوە || la malawa || in the house
 
|-
|-
| لە تەلەفزیۆن || le televizyon || on television
 
| لە کلاسی زانکۆدا || la klasi zankoda || in the university classroom
 
|-
|-
| لە ئێستا دوو ساعەتە || le êsta du seetê || in two hours
 
| لە پارکەوە || la parkawe || in the park
 
|}
|}


In the first example, "لە کوردستان" (le Kurdistan), the preposition "لە" (le) is used to indicate that something is located or happening within the region of Kurdistan. Similarly, in the second example, "لە تەلەفزیۆن" (le televizyon), the preposition "لە" (le) is used to indicate that something is happening on television.
==== Preposition: سەر (sar) - on ====


In the third example, "لە ئێستا دوو ساعەتە" (le êsta du seetê), the preposition "لە" (le) is used to express a specific point in time. It indicates that something will happen in two hours from now.
Used to indicate placement on a surface.


=== 2. On ===
{| class="wikitable"


The preposition "on" in Central Kurdish is translated as "لەسەر" (leser) and is used to indicate location or surface contact. It is commonly used when referring to objects or events happening on top of something. Let's see some examples:
! Central Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| سەر میزە || sar miza || on the table
 
|-
 
| سەر کەشەیە || sar kasha || on the wall
 
|-
 
| سەر بەرزە || sar berza || on the roof
 
|}
 
==== Preposition: لەگەڵ (legel) - with ====
 
This preposition shows companionship or association.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Central Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
 
! Central Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| لەسەر ماسین || leser masîn || on the table
 
| لەگەڵ هاورامان || legel hawraman || with my friend
 
|-
 
| لەگەڵ خانووە || legel xanuwe || with family
 
|-
|-
| لەسەر کتێب || leser kitêb || on the book
 
| لەگەڵ کەسەکان || legel kesekan || with the people
 
|}
|}


In the first example, "لەسەر ماسین" (leser masîn), the preposition "لەسەر" (leser) is used to indicate that something is located on top of the table. Similarly, in the second example, "لەسەر کتێب" (leser kitêb), the preposition "لەسەر" (leser) is used to indicate that something is located on the book.
==== Preposition: بەر (ber) - in front of ====


=== 3. At ===
Indicates something located at the front.


The preposition "at" in Central Kurdish is translated as "لە" (le) and is used to indicate a specific point or location. It is commonly used when referring to a specific place or event. Let's take a look at some examples:
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Central Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| بەر فەرمیسکە || ber fermiska || in front of the supermarket
 
|-
 
| بەر پەنجەرە || ber penjere || in front of the window
 
|-
 
| بەر کەسە || ber kesa || in front of the person
 
|}
 
==== Preposition: ژێر (jêr) - under ====
 
Used to describe something that is below or beneath.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Central Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
 
! Central Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| ژێر مەزگەوتە || jêr mezgawta || under the mosque
 
|-
 
| ژێر کەشە || jêr kasha || under the table
 
|-
 
| ژێر پەردە || jêr perde || under the curtain
 
|}
 
==== Preposition: بەرەو (berêw) - towards ====
 
Indicates direction or movement in a specific direction.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Central Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| بەرەو زانکۆ || berêw zankô || towards the university
 
|-
 
| بەرەو پەنجەرە || berêw penjere || towards the window
 
|-
 
| بەرەو شەنگە || berêw shanga || towards the city
 
|}
 
==== Preposition: لای (lay) - beside ====
 
This preposition indicates proximity or being next to something.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Central Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
|-
| لە کۆمپانیا بەرھەمداری || le kompanya berhemdari || at the company office
 
| لای ماڵەوە || lay malawa || beside the house
 
|-
|-
| لە کۆچەی ئەمریکا || le kocheya Amerîka || on the street in America
 
| لای کەسە || lay kesa || beside the person
 
|-
 
| لای سەرپەرشتیار || lay sarparishtiyar || beside the teacher
 
|}
|}


In the first example, "لە کۆمپانیا بەرھەمداری" (le kompanya berhemdari), the preposition "لە" (le) is used to indicate that something is located or happening at the company office. Similarly, in the second example, "لە کۆچەی ئەمریکا" (le kocheya Amerîka), the preposition "لە" (le) is used to indicate that something is located on the street in America.
==== Preposition: بەرز (berz) - above ====
 
Describes something that is higher or over another object.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Central Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| بەرز لە ماڵەوە || berz la malawa || above the house
 
|-
 
| بەرز لە شەنگە || berz la shanga || above the city
 
|-
 
| بەرز لە بەرەوە || berz la berawa || above the mountains
 
|}
 
==== Preposition: نێوان (newan) - between ====
 
Indicates a position that is in the middle of two objects.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Central Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| نێوان ماڵەکان || newan malakan || between the houses


=== 4. With ===
|-


The preposition "with" in Central Kurdish is translated as "بەرەو" (berew) and is used to indicate companionship or association with someone or something. It is commonly used when referring to activities or situations involving multiple parties. Let's see some examples:
| نێوان شەنگە و هەولێر || newan shanga u hawler || between the city and Hewlêr
 
|-
 
| نێوان کەسەکان || newan kesekan || between the people
 
|}
 
==== Preposition: بەوە (bawa) - from ====
 
This preposition indicates the origin or source.


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Central Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
 
! Central Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| بەوە کوردستان || bawa Kurdistan || from Kurdistan
 
|-
|-
| بەرەو خۆشیوە || berew xoshywe || with happiness
 
| بەوە ئیشکرا || bawa ishkra || from work
 
|-
|-
| بەرەو کتێب || berew kitêb || with a book
 
| بەوە زانکۆ || bawa zankô || from the university
 
|}
|}


In the first example, "بەرەو خۆشیوە" (berew xoshywe), the preposition "بەرەو" (berew) is used to indicate that something is happening with happiness. Similarly, in the second example, "بەرەو کتێب" (berew kitêb), the preposition "بەرەو" (berew) is used to indicate that something is happening with a book.
=== Practice Exercises ===


== Regional Variations and Cultural Insights ==
Now that we've explored these common prepositions, it's time to practice using them! Below are some exercises designed to reinforce your understanding.


It is important to note that while the usage of prepositions in Central Kurdish is generally consistent, there may be some regional variations in certain expressions or idiomatic usage. For example, in some dialects or regions, the preposition "لە" (le) may be pronounced slightly differently or replaced with a similar preposition.
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ====


Additionally, it is interesting to explore the historical reasons behind certain prepositional usage in Central Kurdish. The Kurdish language has a rich history and has been influenced by various cultures and languages throughout the centuries. This has shaped the development of the language and its grammar, including the usage of prepositions.
Complete the sentences with the correct preposition from the list.


== Exercises ==
* 1. من لە ___ ماڵەوە.


Now it's time to practice using common prepositions in Central Kurdish! Try to complete the following exercises by filling in the blanks with the appropriate preposition. The solutions and explanations will be provided afterwards.
* 2. پەنجەرە لە ___ کەشە.


Exercise 1:
* 3. من لەگەڵ ___ هاورامان.
1. ئەو خۆشیە ___ کتێب.
2. دەتوانی بیگەڕێی ___ مۆزیک.


Exercise 2:
* 4. بەرەو ___ زانکۆ.
1. لەسەر __ کێشەی.
2. ئەو خواردنەکە ___ خۆشبەختی.


Exercise 3:
* 5. کەسە لای ___ کەسە.
1. ئەو دەکات کار ___ هەوڵیان.
2. هەرچۆنێک بەرەو ___ خۆشی.


Exercise 4:
* 6. بەرز لە ___ شەنگە.
1. ئەو خۆشیە ___ ئاڵەکۆک.
2. لە ___ کوردستان.


== Solutions ==
* 7. نێوان ___ کەسەکان.


Exercise 1:
* 8. من بەوە ___ ئیشکرا.
1. ئەو خۆشیە لە کتێب. (aw xoshye le kitêb)
2. دەتوانی بیگەڕێی بە مۆزیک. (detwanî bîgerayî be mûzik)


Exercise 2:
'''Answers:'''
1. لەسەر کێشەی. (leser kêşey)
2. ئەو خواردنەکە لە خۆشبەختی. (aw xwardaneka le xoshebextî)


Exercise 3:
1. لە (la) - in
1. ئەو دەکات کار بە هەوڵیان. (aw dekat kar be hewliyan)
2. هەرچۆنێک بەرەو خۆشی. (herçûnek berew xoshy)


Exercise 4:
2. سەر (sar) - on
1. ئەو خۆشیە بە ئاڵەکۆک. (aw xoshye be alêkôk)
2. لە کوردستان. (le Kurdistan)


== Conclusion ==
3. لەگەڵ (legel) - with


Congratulations on completing the lesson on common prepositions in Central Kurdish! You have learned how to use prepositions effectively to express relationships between objects, people, and locations. Keep practicing and using prepositions in your conversations and writing to enhance your language skills.
4. بەرەو (berêw) - towards


Remember that prepositions are an integral part of the Central Kurdish language, and mastering their usage will greatly improve your ability to communicate and understand the language. Pay attention to any regional variations in prepositional usage and explore the cultural insights behind certain expressions.
5. لای (lay) - beside


Continue your language learning journey and stay curious about the rich cultural heritage of the Central Kurdish-speaking regions. Happy learning!
6. بەرز (berz) - above
 
7. نێوان (newan) - between
 
8. بەوە (bawa) - from
 
==== Exercise 2: Matching Exercise ====
 
Match the Central Kurdish sentences with their English translations.
 
* A. لە ماڵەوە
 
* B. سەر میزە
 
* C. لەگەڵ خانووە
 
* D. بەر فەرمیسکە
 
* E. ژێر پەردە
 
1. in the house
 
2. beside the table
 
3. with family
 
4. in front of the supermarket
 
5. under the curtain
 
'''Answers:'''
 
A - 1
 
B - 2
 
C - 3
 
D - 4
 
E - 5
 
==== Exercise 3: Sentence Construction ====
 
Construct meaningful sentences using the given prepositions.
 
* 1. لە (la), پارک (park) - in the park
 
* 2. سەر (sar), مۆبایل (mobile) - on the mobile
 
* 3. لەگەڵ (legel), فامیل (family) - with family
 
* 4. بەر (ber), کەس (person) - in front of the person
 
* 5. ژێر (jêr), مېز (table) - under the table
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. من لە پارکەوە مەن.
 
2. مۆبایل سەر میزه.
 
3. من لەگەڵ فامیلم.
 
4. بەر کەسێک منی.
 
5. ژێر مېزە.
 
==== Exercise 4: True/False Statements ====
 
Read the statements and decide whether they are true or false.
 
* 1. لە (la) means "above." (False)
 
* 2. سەر (sar) is used for "under." (False)
 
* 3. لەگەڵ (legel) means "with." (True)
 
* 4. بەر (ber) means "behind." (False)
 
* 5. نێوان (newan) means "between." (True)
 
==== Exercise 5: Sentence Translation ====
 
Translate the following sentences into Central Kurdish.
 
* 1. I am in the house.
 
* 2. The book is on the table.
 
* 3. She is with her friend.
 
* 4. The cat is under the chair.
 
* 5. They are going towards the market.
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. من لە ماڵەوە مەن.
 
2. پەڕە لە سەر میزه.
 
3. ئەو لەگەڵ هاورامانە.
 
4. پشکا ژێر کەشەیە.
 
5. ئەوان بەرەو بازار دەچن.
 
==== Exercise 6: Preposition Identification ====
 
Identify the prepositions used in the following sentences.
 
* 1. من لە پارکەوە مەن.
 
* 2. پەنجەرە لە سەر کەشە.
 
* 3. لەگەڵ فامیلەکان.
 
* 4. بەر فەرمیسکە.
 
* 5. ژێر پەردە.
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. لە (la)
 
2. لە (la), سەر (sar)
 
3. لەگەڵ (legel)
 
4. بەر (ber)
 
5. ژێر (jêr)
 
==== Exercise 7: Compose Your Own Sentences ====
 
Use at least three different prepositions to create a sentence about your daily routine.
 
''Example Answer:'' من لە ماڵەوە مەن، لەگەڵ فامیلەکان و بەر زانکۆ دەچم.
 
==== Exercise 8: Fill in the Prepositions ====
 
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate prepositions from the list provided.
 
* 1. من بەرەو ___ زانکۆ دەچم.
 
* 2. پشکا ژێر ___ کەشەیە.
 
* 3. من لەگەڵ ___ خەمڵیە.
 
* 4. سەر ___ میزه بم.
 
'''Answers:'''
 
1. زانکۆ
 
2. کەشە
 
3. خەمڵی
 
4. میزه
 
==== Exercise 9: Create a Dialog ====
 
Create a short dialog using at least five prepositions from this lesson.
 
''Example Dialog:''
 
* A: کەسە لای پەنجەرە دەردەخات. (The person is beside the window.)
 
* B: من لە ماڵەوە مەن. (I am in the house.)
 
==== Exercise 10: Group Activity ====
 
In pairs, create a mini skit that incorporates at least ten prepositions from today's lesson. Perform it for the class.
 
At the end of this lesson, you should have a solid understanding of common prepositions in Central Kurdish and how to use them effectively in your sentences. Keep practicing, and you will see significant improvement in your language skills!


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Latest revision as of 06:12, 2 August 2024

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Central Kurdish → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Common Prepositions

Welcome to the lesson on Common Prepositions in Central Kurdish! Understanding prepositions is essential for anyone looking to express relationships between objects, people, and locations. They may seem small, but they pack a punch when it comes to constructing meaningful sentences. In this lesson, we will explore how to use common prepositions such as "in", "on", "at", and many more in Central Kurdish. By the end of this lesson, you will feel more comfortable using these essential words in your conversations and writings.

Before we dive in, let’s outline what you can expect in this lesson:

  • Introduction to Prepositions: What they are and why they're important.
  • Common Prepositions: A comprehensive list with examples.
  • Practice Exercises: To reinforce your understanding and application of the prepositions.

Introduction to Prepositions[edit | edit source]

Prepositions are words that help us express various relationships in our sentences. They can indicate time, place, direction, and more. In Central Kurdish, mastering prepositions will elevate your language skills and help you communicate more effectively. Each preposition can change the meaning of a sentence significantly, so it's crucial to use them correctly.

Common Prepositions[edit | edit source]

In this section, we will cover some of the most commonly used prepositions in Central Kurdish. Here is a list of prepositions we will explore:

  • لە (la) - in
  • سەر (sar) - on
  • لەگەڵ (legel) - with
  • بەر (ber) - in front of
  • ژێر (jêr) - under
  • بەرەو (berêw) - towards
  • لای (lay) - beside
  • بەرز (berz) - above
  • نێوان (newan) - between
  • بەوە (bawa) - from

Let's take a closer look at each one with examples.

Preposition: لە (la) - in[edit | edit source]

This preposition indicates a location within something.

Central Kurdish Pronunciation English
لە ماڵەوە la malawa in the house
لە کلاسی زانکۆدا la klasi zankoda in the university classroom
لە پارکەوە la parkawe in the park

Preposition: سەر (sar) - on[edit | edit source]

Used to indicate placement on a surface.

Central Kurdish Pronunciation English
سەر میزە sar miza on the table
سەر کەشەیە sar kasha on the wall
سەر بەرزە sar berza on the roof

Preposition: لەگەڵ (legel) - with[edit | edit source]

This preposition shows companionship or association.

Central Kurdish Pronunciation English
لەگەڵ هاورامان legel hawraman with my friend
لەگەڵ خانووە legel xanuwe with family
لەگەڵ کەسەکان legel kesekan with the people

Preposition: بەر (ber) - in front of[edit | edit source]

Indicates something located at the front.

Central Kurdish Pronunciation English
بەر فەرمیسکە ber fermiska in front of the supermarket
بەر پەنجەرە ber penjere in front of the window
بەر کەسە ber kesa in front of the person

Preposition: ژێر (jêr) - under[edit | edit source]

Used to describe something that is below or beneath.

Central Kurdish Pronunciation English
ژێر مەزگەوتە jêr mezgawta under the mosque
ژێر کەشە jêr kasha under the table
ژێر پەردە jêr perde under the curtain

Preposition: بەرەو (berêw) - towards[edit | edit source]

Indicates direction or movement in a specific direction.

Central Kurdish Pronunciation English
بەرەو زانکۆ berêw zankô towards the university
بەرەو پەنجەرە berêw penjere towards the window
بەرەو شەنگە berêw shanga towards the city

Preposition: لای (lay) - beside[edit | edit source]

This preposition indicates proximity or being next to something.

Central Kurdish Pronunciation English
لای ماڵەوە lay malawa beside the house
لای کەسە lay kesa beside the person
لای سەرپەرشتیار lay sarparishtiyar beside the teacher

Preposition: بەرز (berz) - above[edit | edit source]

Describes something that is higher or over another object.

Central Kurdish Pronunciation English
بەرز لە ماڵەوە berz la malawa above the house
بەرز لە شەنگە berz la shanga above the city
بەرز لە بەرەوە berz la berawa above the mountains

Preposition: نێوان (newan) - between[edit | edit source]

Indicates a position that is in the middle of two objects.

Central Kurdish Pronunciation English
نێوان ماڵەکان newan malakan between the houses
نێوان شەنگە و هەولێر newan shanga u hawler between the city and Hewlêr
نێوان کەسەکان newan kesekan between the people

Preposition: بەوە (bawa) - from[edit | edit source]

This preposition indicates the origin or source.

Central Kurdish Pronunciation English
بەوە کوردستان bawa Kurdistan from Kurdistan
بەوە ئیشکرا bawa ishkra from work
بەوە زانکۆ bawa zankô from the university

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that we've explored these common prepositions, it's time to practice using them! Below are some exercises designed to reinforce your understanding.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences with the correct preposition from the list.

  • 1. من لە ___ ماڵەوە.
  • 2. پەنجەرە لە ___ کەشە.
  • 3. من لەگەڵ ___ هاورامان.
  • 4. بەرەو ___ زانکۆ.
  • 5. کەسە لای ___ کەسە.
  • 6. بەرز لە ___ شەنگە.
  • 7. نێوان ___ کەسەکان.
  • 8. من بەوە ___ ئیشکرا.

Answers:

1. لە (la) - in

2. سەر (sar) - on

3. لەگەڵ (legel) - with

4. بەرەو (berêw) - towards

5. لای (lay) - beside

6. بەرز (berz) - above

7. نێوان (newan) - between

8. بەوە (bawa) - from

Exercise 2: Matching Exercise[edit | edit source]

Match the Central Kurdish sentences with their English translations.

  • A. لە ماڵەوە
  • B. سەر میزە
  • C. لەگەڵ خانووە
  • D. بەر فەرمیسکە
  • E. ژێر پەردە

1. in the house

2. beside the table

3. with family

4. in front of the supermarket

5. under the curtain

Answers:

A - 1

B - 2

C - 3

D - 4

E - 5

Exercise 3: Sentence Construction[edit | edit source]

Construct meaningful sentences using the given prepositions.

  • 1. لە (la), پارک (park) - in the park
  • 2. سەر (sar), مۆبایل (mobile) - on the mobile
  • 3. لەگەڵ (legel), فامیل (family) - with family
  • 4. بەر (ber), کەس (person) - in front of the person
  • 5. ژێر (jêr), مېز (table) - under the table

Answers:

1. من لە پارکەوە مەن.

2. مۆبایل سەر میزه.

3. من لەگەڵ فامیلم.

4. بەر کەسێک منی.

5. ژێر مېزە.

Exercise 4: True/False Statements[edit | edit source]

Read the statements and decide whether they are true or false.

  • 1. لە (la) means "above." (False)
  • 2. سەر (sar) is used for "under." (False)
  • 3. لەگەڵ (legel) means "with." (True)
  • 4. بەر (ber) means "behind." (False)
  • 5. نێوان (newan) means "between." (True)

Exercise 5: Sentence Translation[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Central Kurdish.

  • 1. I am in the house.
  • 2. The book is on the table.
  • 3. She is with her friend.
  • 4. The cat is under the chair.
  • 5. They are going towards the market.

Answers:

1. من لە ماڵەوە مەن.

2. پەڕە لە سەر میزه.

3. ئەو لەگەڵ هاورامانە.

4. پشکا ژێر کەشەیە.

5. ئەوان بەرەو بازار دەچن.

Exercise 6: Preposition Identification[edit | edit source]

Identify the prepositions used in the following sentences.

  • 1. من لە پارکەوە مەن.
  • 2. پەنجەرە لە سەر کەشە.
  • 3. لەگەڵ فامیلەکان.
  • 4. بەر فەرمیسکە.
  • 5. ژێر پەردە.

Answers:

1. لە (la)

2. لە (la), سەر (sar)

3. لەگەڵ (legel)

4. بەر (ber)

5. ژێر (jêr)

Exercise 7: Compose Your Own Sentences[edit | edit source]

Use at least three different prepositions to create a sentence about your daily routine.

Example Answer: من لە ماڵەوە مەن، لەگەڵ فامیلەکان و بەر زانکۆ دەچم.

Exercise 8: Fill in the Prepositions[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate prepositions from the list provided.

  • 1. من بەرەو ___ زانکۆ دەچم.
  • 2. پشکا ژێر ___ کەشەیە.
  • 3. من لەگەڵ ___ خەمڵیە.
  • 4. سەر ___ میزه بم.

Answers:

1. زانکۆ

2. کەشە

3. خەمڵی

4. میزه

Exercise 9: Create a Dialog[edit | edit source]

Create a short dialog using at least five prepositions from this lesson.

Example Dialog:

  • A: کەسە لای پەنجەرە دەردەخات. (The person is beside the window.)
  • B: من لە ماڵەوە مەن. (I am in the house.)

Exercise 10: Group Activity[edit | edit source]

In pairs, create a mini skit that incorporates at least ten prepositions from today's lesson. Perform it for the class.

At the end of this lesson, you should have a solid understanding of common prepositions in Central Kurdish and how to use them effectively in your sentences. Keep practicing, and you will see significant improvement in your language skills!

Table of Contents - Central Kurdish Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Basic Greetings


Pronouns and Nouns


Numbers and Counting


Basic Sentence Structure


Time and Dates


Verbs and Tenses


Food and Dining


Adjectives and Adverbs


Travel and Transportation


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Housing and Accommodations


Central Kurdish Culture and Society


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]


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