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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Marathi|Marathi]]  → [[Language/Marathi/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Marathi/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Introduction to Marathi grammar → Adjectives</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Marathi|Marathi]]  → [[Language/Marathi/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Marathi/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Adjectives</div>
 
Welcome to the lesson on '''adjectives''' in Marathi! Adjectives are an essential part of any language, as they add color and detail to our conversations. They help us describe nouns, giving more context and depth to what we are talking about. In Marathi, adjectives play a crucial role in sentence structure, and understanding them will greatly enhance your ability to communicate effectively.
 
In this lesson, we'll explore the following key aspects of adjectives in Marathi:


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Introduction ==
=== What are Adjectives? ===
 
Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns. In Marathi, adjectives can describe qualities, quantities, and states of being. They help in providing more information about the noun, such as its color, size, shape, or condition.
 
=== Types of Adjectives ===
 
There are several types of adjectives in Marathi:
 
* '''Descriptive Adjectives''': These adjectives describe the qualities of a noun.
 
* '''Quantitative Adjectives''': These adjectives indicate the quantity of a noun.


In this lesson, we will explore the world of adjectives in Marathi. Adjectives are an essential part of any language and play a crucial role in describing nouns. By learning adjectives, you will be able to add more detail and color to your Marathi sentences. In this lesson, we will cover the basics of adjectives, including their agreement with nouns and their comparison forms. We will also discuss any regional variations in the usage of adjectives and share interesting cultural facts related to this topic. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of how to use adjectives in Marathi effectively.
* '''Demonstrative Adjectives''': These adjectives point out specific nouns.


== Basics of Adjectives ==
* '''Interrogative Adjectives''': These adjectives are used to ask questions about nouns.


Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns. In Marathi, adjectives agree with nouns in gender, number, and case. This means that the form of the adjective changes based on the gender, number, and case of the noun it is describing. Let's take a look at some examples to understand this concept better:
=== Agreement of Adjectives ===


=== Gender Agreement ===
In Marathi, adjectives must agree with the nouns they modify in gender and number. Marathi nouns can be masculine or feminine, and they can be singular or plural. Therefore, it's crucial to use the correct form of the adjective to match the noun.


In Marathi, nouns are classified into masculine, feminine, and neuter genders. Adjectives must agree with the gender of the noun they describe. Here are a few examples:
Here are the gender distinctions:
 
* Masculine: Usually ends in a consonant.
 
* Feminine: Usually ends in 'आ' (a) or 'ई' (i).
 
=== Comparison of Adjectives ===
 
Marathi adjectives can also be used to compare nouns. There are three degrees of comparison:
 
* Positive Degree: Describes a quality without comparison (e.g., big).
 
* Comparative Degree: Compares two nouns (e.g., bigger).
 
* Superlative Degree: Compares one noun against a group (e.g., biggest).
 
== Examples of Adjectives ==
 
Let's look at some examples of adjectives in Marathi:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Marathi !! Pronunciation !! English
! Marathi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| उंच || uñcha || tall (masculine)
 
| सुंदर || sundar || beautiful
 
|-
 
| मोठा || motha || big
 
|-
|-
| उंची || uñchī || tall (feminine)
 
| लहान || lahan || small
 
|-
|-
| उंच || uñcha || tall (neuter)
|}


As you can see in the examples above, the adjective "उंच" (uñcha) changes its form based on the gender of the noun it describes. "उंच" (uñcha) is used with masculine nouns, "उंची" (uñchī) is used with feminine nouns, and "उंच" (uñcha) is used with neuter nouns.
| जलद || jalad || fast


=== Number Agreement ===
|-


Adjectives in Marathi also agree with the number of the noun they describe. This means that the form of the adjective changes based on whether the noun is singular or plural. Let's take a look at some examples:
| धीमा || dheema || slow


{| class="wikitable"
! Marathi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| लांब || lāmba || long (singular)
 
| चांगला || changla || good
 
|-
|-
| लांबे || lāmbe || long (plural)
 
| वाईट || wait || bad
 
|-
|-
| लांब || lāmba || long (neuter)
|}


In the examples above, the adjective "लांब" (lāmba) changes its form based on the number of the noun it describes. "लांब" (lāmba) is used with singular nouns, "लांबे" (lāmbe) is used with plural nouns, and "लांब" (lāmba) is used with neuter nouns.
| नवीन || naveen || new


=== Case Agreement ===
|-


In Marathi, adjectives also agree with the case of the noun they describe. The case of a noun indicates its role in the sentence, such as subject, object, or possessive. Let's take a look at some examples:
| जुना || juna || old


{| class="wikitable"
! Marathi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| माझी नवी सुवार्ता || mājhī navī suvārtā || my new car (nominative case)
 
| गडद || gadad || dark
 
|-
|-
| माझे नवे कार्यालय || mājhe nave kāryālaya || my new office (nominative case)
 
| उजळ || ujala || bright
 
|-
|-
| माझी नवी सुवार्ता || mājhī navī suvārtā || of my new car (genitive case)
|}


In the examples above, the adjectives "नवी" (navī) and "नवे" (nave) change their form based on the case of the noun they describe. "नवी" (navī) is used with singular feminine nouns in the nominative case, "नवे" (nave) is used with plural masculine nouns in the nominative case, and "नवी" (navī) is used with singular feminine nouns in the genitive case.
| तिखट || tikhat || spicy


== Comparison of Adjectives ==
|-


In addition to agreement, adjectives in Marathi can also be compared to express degrees of comparison. There are three degrees of comparison: positive, comparative, and superlative. Let's explore each of these in detail:
| गोड || god || sweet


=== Positive Degree ===
|-


The positive degree of an adjective is used to simply describe a noun without any comparison. Here are some examples:
| कडू || kadu || bitter


{| class="wikitable"
! Marathi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| छान || chān || good
 
| सफेद || saphed || white
 
|-
|-
| वाईट || vāīṭ || white
 
| काळा || kala || black
 
|-
|-
| मोठ || mōṭh || big
|}


In the examples above, the adjectives "छान" (chān), "वाईट" (vāīṭ), and "मोठ" (mōṭh) are in the positive degree and simply describe the nouns without any comparison.
| लाल || laal || red


=== Comparative Degree ===
|-


The comparative degree of an adjective is used to compare two nouns. It indicates that one noun has a higher or lower degree of the quality described by the adjective compared to the other noun. Here are some examples:
| हिरवा || hirva || green


{| class="wikitable"
! Marathi !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| जास्त || jāst || more
 
| पांढरा || pandhara || blue
 
|-
|-
| लहान || lahān || smaller
 
| दाट || daat || thick
 
|-
|-
| जास्त || jāst || better
 
| पातळ || paatal || thin
 
|}
|}


In the examples above, the adjectives "जास्त" (jāst) and "लहान" (lahān) are in the comparative degree and are used to compare two nouns. "जास्त" (jāst) indicates that one noun has more of the quality described by the adjective compared to the other noun, while "लहान" (lahān) indicates that one noun is smaller in size compared to the other noun.
== Exercises ==
 
Now that you have a basic understanding of adjectives in Marathi, let’s practice! Here are some exercises to help reinforce what you've learned.
 
=== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ===
 
Complete the sentences using the appropriate adjectives in Marathi.
 
1. तो ______ आहे. (big)
 
2. ती ______ आहे. (beautiful)


=== Superlative Degree ===
3. हे ______ आहे. (new)


The superlative degree of an adjective is used to compare more than two nouns. It indicates that one noun has the highest or lowest degree of the quality described by the adjective compared to all other nouns. Here are some examples:
4. त्याचे ______ आहे. (old)


{| class="wikitable"
5. गाडी ______ आहे. (fast)
! Marathi !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
=== Exercise 2: Gender Agreement ===
| सर्वात जास्त || sarvāt jāst || the most
 
|-
Match the adjectives with the correct nouns based on gender.
| सर्वांचं लहान || sarvāñcaṁ lahān || the smallest
 
|-
1. सुंदर (sundar)
| सर्वोत्कृष्ट || sarvōtkr̥ṣṭa || the best
 
|}
* a. घर (ghar) - house
 
* b. गाडी (gaadi) - car
 
2. मोठा (motha)
 
* a. कुत्रा (kutra) - dog
 
* b. बकरी (bakri) - goat
 
=== Exercise 3: Comparative and Superlative Forms ===
 
Transform the following adjectives into their comparative and superlative forms.
 
1. लहान (small)
 
* Comparative: ______
 
* Superlative: ______
 
2. चांगला (good)
 
* Comparative: ______
 
* Superlative: ______
 
=== Exercise 4: Descriptive Sentences ===
 
Create sentences using the following adjectives.


In the examples above, the adjectives "सर्वात जास्त" (sarvāt jāst) and "सर्वांचं लहान" (sarvāñcaṁ lahān) are in the superlative degree and are used to compare more than two nouns. "सर्वात जास्त" (sarvāt jāst) indicates that one noun has the most of the quality described by the adjective compared to all other nouns, while "सर्वांचं लहान" (sarvāñcaṁ lahān) indicates that one noun is the smallest in size compared to all other nouns.
1. गडद (dark)


== Regional Variations and Cultural Insights ==
2. गोड (sweet)


Marathi is a rich language with diverse regional variations. While the basic rules of using adjectives remain the same across different regions, there may be slight variations in vocabulary and usage. For example, in some regions, certain adjectives may be more commonly used or have different forms compared to other regions. Similarly, some cultural practices and beliefs may influence the choice or usage of adjectives in different contexts.
3. तिखट (spicy)


One interesting cultural fact related to adjectives in Marathi is the concept of "उभा नाका दिलेला वाक्य" (ubhā nākā dilelā vākya), which translates to "a sentence with a raised nose." This phrase is used to describe a sentence that is grammatically correct but sounds pompous or pretentious due to the excessive use of adjectives. Marathi speakers often use this phrase humorously to poke fun at someone who is trying too hard to impress others with their language skills.
=== Exercise 5: Question Formation ===


== Practice Exercises ==
Form questions using the interrogative adjectives.


Now, let's put your knowledge of adjectives to the test with some practice exercises. Translate the following sentences from English to Marathi, making sure to use the appropriate form of the adjective:
1. कोणता (which) - ______?


1. The tall man is wearing a white shirt.
2. किती (how many) - ______?
2. She has two small dogs.
3. This is the best book I have ever read.
4. The red flowers are blooming in the garden.
5. My new car is faster than his old car.


=== Solutions ===
=== Solutions ===


1. उंच व्यक्ती धावपिण्यास एक वाईट कमीज घालतो.
Let’s go through the exercises step by step.
2. तिच्याकडे दोन लहान कुत्रे आहेत.
 
3. ही सर्वोत्कृष्ट पुस्तक माझं कधीही वाचलेलं नाही.
=== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ===
4. लाल फुले बागात खुशीत खुशीत खोड़ावतात.
 
5. माझी नवी कार त्याच्या जुन्या कारपेक्षा जलद आहे.
1. तो मोठा आहे. (To motha aahe.)
 
2. ती सुंदर आहे. (Ti sundar aahe.)
 
3. हे नवीन आहे. (He naveen aahe.)
 
4. त्याचे जुने आहे. (Tyache juna aahe.)
 
5. गाडी जलद आहे. (Gaadi jalad aahe.)
 
=== Exercise 2: Gender Agreement ===
 
1. सुंदर (sundar) - b. गाडी (gaadi)
 
2. मोठा (motha) - a. कुत्रा (kutra)
 
=== Exercise 3: Comparative and Superlative Forms ===
 
1. लहान (small):
 
* Comparative: लहानतर (lahanatar)
 
* Superlative: सर्वात लहान (sarvat lahan)
 
2. चांगला (good):
 
* Comparative: चांगलातर (changlatar)
 
* Superlative: सर्वात चांगला (sarvat changla)
 
=== Exercise 4: Descriptive Sentences ===
 
1. तो रस्ता गडद आहे. (To rasta gadad aahe.)
 
2. हा केक गोड आहे. (Ha kek god aahe.)
 
3. जेवण तिखट आहे. (Jeevan tikhat aahe.)
 
=== Exercise 5: Question Formation ===
 
1. कोणता पुस्तक आहे? (Konta pustak aahe?)


== Conclusion ==
2. किती आमंत्रण आहेत? (Kiti amantran aahet?)


In this lesson, we have learned about the basics of using adjectives in Marathi. We explored the concepts of agreement and comparison, and how adjectives change their form based on the gender, number, and case of the noun they describe. We also discussed some interesting cultural insights related to the usage of adjectives in Marathi. Now that you have a solid foundation in adjectives, you can start using them to add more detail and color to your Marathi sentences. Keep practicing and exploring the beautiful world of Marathi language and culture!
Congratulations on completing this lesson on adjectives in Marathi! Understanding adjectives will help you express yourself more vividly and accurately. Keep practicing, and soon you'll be able to describe the world around you in beautiful Marathi!


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|keywords=Marathi grammar, Marathi adjectives, Marathi language, Marathi vocabulary
|title=Marathi Grammar Lesson on Adjectives
|description=In this lesson, you will learn the basics of using adjectives in Marathi, including their agreement and comparison forms. We will also explore any regional variations in the usage of adjectives and share interesting cultural facts related to this topic.
 
|keywords=Marathi adjectives, learn Marathi, Marathi language, grammar, descriptive words
 
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==Videos==
==Videos==

Latest revision as of 17:15, 1 August 2024


100720D5-5D3B-4576-99E2-C0E492D5666F.png
Marathi → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Adjectives

Welcome to the lesson on adjectives in Marathi! Adjectives are an essential part of any language, as they add color and detail to our conversations. They help us describe nouns, giving more context and depth to what we are talking about. In Marathi, adjectives play a crucial role in sentence structure, and understanding them will greatly enhance your ability to communicate effectively.

In this lesson, we'll explore the following key aspects of adjectives in Marathi:

What are Adjectives?[edit | edit source]

Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns. In Marathi, adjectives can describe qualities, quantities, and states of being. They help in providing more information about the noun, such as its color, size, shape, or condition.

Types of Adjectives[edit | edit source]

There are several types of adjectives in Marathi:

  • Descriptive Adjectives: These adjectives describe the qualities of a noun.
  • Quantitative Adjectives: These adjectives indicate the quantity of a noun.
  • Demonstrative Adjectives: These adjectives point out specific nouns.
  • Interrogative Adjectives: These adjectives are used to ask questions about nouns.

Agreement of Adjectives[edit | edit source]

In Marathi, adjectives must agree with the nouns they modify in gender and number. Marathi nouns can be masculine or feminine, and they can be singular or plural. Therefore, it's crucial to use the correct form of the adjective to match the noun.

Here are the gender distinctions:

  • Masculine: Usually ends in a consonant.
  • Feminine: Usually ends in 'आ' (a) or 'ई' (i).

Comparison of Adjectives[edit | edit source]

Marathi adjectives can also be used to compare nouns. There are three degrees of comparison:

  • Positive Degree: Describes a quality without comparison (e.g., big).
  • Comparative Degree: Compares two nouns (e.g., bigger).
  • Superlative Degree: Compares one noun against a group (e.g., biggest).

Examples of Adjectives[edit | edit source]

Let's look at some examples of adjectives in Marathi:

Marathi Pronunciation English
सुंदर sundar beautiful
मोठा motha big
लहान lahan small
जलद jalad fast
धीमा dheema slow
चांगला changla good
वाईट wait bad
नवीन naveen new
जुना juna old
गडद gadad dark
उजळ ujala bright
तिखट tikhat spicy
गोड god sweet
कडू kadu bitter
सफेद saphed white
काळा kala black
लाल laal red
हिरवा hirva green
पांढरा pandhara blue
दाट daat thick
पातळ paatal thin

Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that you have a basic understanding of adjectives in Marathi, let’s practice! Here are some exercises to help reinforce what you've learned.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences using the appropriate adjectives in Marathi.

1. तो ______ आहे. (big)

2. ती ______ आहे. (beautiful)

3. हे ______ आहे. (new)

4. त्याचे ______ आहे. (old)

5. गाडी ______ आहे. (fast)

Exercise 2: Gender Agreement[edit | edit source]

Match the adjectives with the correct nouns based on gender.

1. सुंदर (sundar)

  • a. घर (ghar) - house
  • b. गाडी (gaadi) - car

2. मोठा (motha)

  • a. कुत्रा (kutra) - dog
  • b. बकरी (bakri) - goat

Exercise 3: Comparative and Superlative Forms[edit | edit source]

Transform the following adjectives into their comparative and superlative forms.

1. लहान (small)

  • Comparative: ______
  • Superlative: ______

2. चांगला (good)

  • Comparative: ______
  • Superlative: ______

Exercise 4: Descriptive Sentences[edit | edit source]

Create sentences using the following adjectives.

1. गडद (dark)

2. गोड (sweet)

3. तिखट (spicy)

Exercise 5: Question Formation[edit | edit source]

Form questions using the interrogative adjectives.

1. कोणता (which) - ______?

2. किती (how many) - ______?

Solutions[edit | edit source]

Let’s go through the exercises step by step.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

1. तो मोठा आहे. (To motha aahe.)

2. ती सुंदर आहे. (Ti sundar aahe.)

3. हे नवीन आहे. (He naveen aahe.)

4. त्याचे जुने आहे. (Tyache juna aahe.)

5. गाडी जलद आहे. (Gaadi jalad aahe.)

Exercise 2: Gender Agreement[edit | edit source]

1. सुंदर (sundar) - b. गाडी (gaadi)

2. मोठा (motha) - a. कुत्रा (kutra)

Exercise 3: Comparative and Superlative Forms[edit | edit source]

1. लहान (small):

  • Comparative: लहानतर (lahanatar)
  • Superlative: सर्वात लहान (sarvat lahan)

2. चांगला (good):

  • Comparative: चांगलातर (changlatar)
  • Superlative: सर्वात चांगला (sarvat changla)

Exercise 4: Descriptive Sentences[edit | edit source]

1. तो रस्ता गडद आहे. (To rasta gadad aahe.)

2. हा केक गोड आहे. (Ha kek god aahe.)

3. जेवण तिखट आहे. (Jeevan tikhat aahe.)

Exercise 5: Question Formation[edit | edit source]

1. कोणता पुस्तक आहे? (Konta pustak aahe?)

2. किती आमंत्रण आहेत? (Kiti amantran aahet?)

Congratulations on completing this lesson on adjectives in Marathi! Understanding adjectives will help you express yourself more vividly and accurately. Keep practicing, and soon you'll be able to describe the world around you in beautiful Marathi!

Table of Contents - Marathi Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Basic Greetings and Introductions


Basic Sentence Structure


Numbers and Time


Nouns and Pronouns


Common Verbs and Adjectives


Questions and Answers


Food and Dining


Marathi Festivals and Traditions


Travel and Transportation


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Family and Relationships


Marathi Literature and Cinema

Videos[edit | edit source]

English Grammar Adjective //In Marathi //All exams - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Marathi - English Grammar Adjectives part 2 - YouTube[edit | edit source]

List of adjectives in Marathi : Learn Marathi - YouTube[edit | edit source]

ENGLISH GRAMMAR -ADJECTIVE IN MARATHI - YouTube[edit | edit source]


Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]


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