Difference between revisions of "Language/Sinhala/Grammar/Passive-Voice"

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Sinhala → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Unit 5: Advanced Grammar → Passive Voice

Introduction

Welcome to Unit 5 of our "Complete 0 to A1 Sinhala Course"! In this unit, we will delve into the intricacies of advanced grammar in the Sinhala language. Our focus for this lesson is the passive voice. The passive voice allows us to talk about actions and events without mentioning who does or did them. It is an important grammatical structure that will help you express yourself more effectively in Sinhala.

Throughout this lesson, we will explore the usage, formation, and examples of the passive voice in Sinhala. We will also touch upon cultural aspects related to the topic, providing you with not only a comprehensive understanding of the grammar but also insights into the Sinhala language and its cultural context.

So, let's dive into the fascinating world of the passive voice in Sinhala!

The Passive Voice in Sinhala

1. Understanding the Passive Voice The passive voice is used to shift the focus from the doer of the action to the receiver of the action. In other words, it allows us to emphasize the object or the recipient of the action rather than the subject or the doer.

In Sinhala, the passive voice is formed by using the verb stem followed by the particle "ද" (da) and the verb ending "මු" (mu). For example, let's take the verb "පාර" (para) which means "to read". The passive voice of this verb would be "පාරදමු" (para damu), which means "to be read".

2. Usage of the Passive Voice The passive voice is used in various situations in Sinhala. Here are some common usages:

- When the doer of the action is unknown or unimportant:

 - මාව සුළු පාට දුටුවීය. (Māva sulupa pāta dutuwīya.) 
   (I was given a beautiful gift.)
 - මම මිනිසුන්ට ප්‍රසිද්ධ වීම් දුටුම්දීය. (Mama minisunti prasidu wīmusīya.)
   (I was informed by the students.)

- When the receiver of the action is more important:

 - එය ස්වයංක්‍රියව සිදු වීම් යන්න පට්ටමක් ඇතුලත්වීය. (Eya svaṃkrīyava sidu wīmus yanna pattamak ātultuvīya.)
   (It is important to be disciplined.)

- When the action is a general truth or a habitual action:

 - මිනිසුන් සහෝදරයේ යමු. (Minisunti sahodaraye yamu.)
   (Students are respected.)

3. Formation of the Passive Voice To form the passive voice in Sinhala, follow these steps:

Step 1: Remove the verb ending (මු or වු) from the verb stem. Step 2: Add the particle "ද" (da) after the verb stem. Step 3: Add the appropriate verb ending based on the tense, mood, or aspect.

For example, let's take the verb "පාර" (para) which means "to read". Here's how we can form the passive voice:

Present Tense: - Singular: පාරදමුය (para damuya) - is being read - Plural: පාරදමුයි (para damuyi) - are being read

Past Tense: - Singular: පාරදමුවීය (para damuwīya) - was/were read - Plural: පාරදමුවීයි (para damuwīyi) - were read

Future Tense: - Singular: පාරදමුන්ට (para damunti) - will be read - Plural: පාරදමුන්ටි (para damunti) - will be read

4. Examples of the Passive Voice Let's see some examples of the passive voice in action:

Sinhala	Pronunciation	English
පාරදමුය.	Para damuya.	It is being read.
පාරදමුවීයි.	Para damuwīyi.	They were read.
පාරදමුන්ටි.	Para damunti.	They will be read.

Cultural Insights

The usage and understanding of the passive voice can vary across different regions and cultures. In Sinhala, the passive voice is commonly used to show respect and humility, especially when talking about oneself or others. It is a way of downplaying personal achievements or actions and attributing them to external factors or circumstances.

In Sinhala culture, there is an emphasis on collectivism and harmony within the community. The passive voice reflects this cultural value by shifting the focus from the individual to the collective. It promotes a sense of interconnectedness and shared responsibility, where actions and events are seen as a result of collective efforts rather than individual achievements.

An interesting cultural fact related to the passive voice in Sinhala is the concept of "අපිට දාන්න" (apitu danna), which translates to "let it be done by us". This phrase is often used in situations where a task or responsibility is shared among a group of people. It reflects the collective mindset and highlights the importance of collaboration and cooperation in achieving goals.

Practice Exercises

Now it's time to put your knowledge of the passive voice into practice! Complete the following exercises and check your answers below:

Exercise 1: Form the passive voice of the following verbs in Sinhala:

1. රැස්වීම් (rāsvīmus) - to clean 2. අරුතිය (aruthiya) - to help 3. පිටිය (pitīya) - to open 4. සුපිරිම (supirim) - to love 5. අපිට දාන්න (apitu danna) - to do collectively

Exercise 2: Translate the following sentences into English using the passive voice in Sinhala:

1. මම දැන් හාමුදුන්ගේ සහෝදරයි. 2. එය වනවිට පෙර මාව සුළු තියෙන්නෙයි. 3. එය දුටු පෙර මම හාමුදුන්ට සේවා කරනවා. 4. මම බලන්නෙයි කියලා එයින් පාඩු කරාමු.

Exercise 3: Rewrite the following sentences in the active voice in Sinhala:

1. මම විශ්වාසයි දැන් සිටියි. 2. එය විශ්වාසයි කරුණාවයි. 3. මම විශ්වාසයි හාමුදුන්ගේ සහෝදරයි. 4. මම විශ්වාසයේ තියෙන්නෙයි කියලා එයින් පාඩු කරනවා.

Answer Key

Exercise 1:

1. රැස්වීම් (rāsvīmus) - රැස්වදමුය (rāsuvadamuya) 2. අරුතිය (aruthiya) - අරුතිදමුය (aruthidamuya) 3. පිටිය (pitīya) - පිටිදමුය (pitidamuya) 4. සුපිරිම (supirim) - සුපිරිදමුය (supiridamuya) 5. අපිට දාන්න (apitu danna) - අපිට දමුය (apitu damuya)

Exercise 2:

1. I am respected by my teachers. 2. It was given to me earlier. 3. It is being served to me by the waiters. 4. I am loved by my parents.

Exercise 3:

1. I know the answer. 2. It creates a problem. 3. I am respected by my teachers. 4. I am doing the work in the classroom.

Table of Contents - Sinhala Course - 0 to A1

Course Presentation

Unit 1: Introduction

Unit 2: Basic Grammar

Unit 3: Sinhala Culture

Unit 4: Daily Life

Unit 5: Advanced Grammar

Unit 6: Sinhala Society

Unit 7: Holidays and Travel

Unit 8: Conversational Sinhala

Unit 9: Sinhala History

Unit 10: Proficiency Test Preparation

Videos

Passive Voice - Lesson 01 - Learn English in Sinhala - YouTube

Passive Voice in Sinhala (Full Lesson) | Learn English in Sinhala ...

Passive voice in English grammar in sinhala | Passive සරල ...

Passive Voice all tenses | Learn English in Sinhala ( New Step-by

Sources

Other Lessons

◀️ Conditional and Subjunctive — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Sinhala Folklore and Legends ▶️

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
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+<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Sinhala|Sinhala]]  → [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Unit 5: Advanced Grammar → Passive Voice</div>
-<div class="pg_page_title">Sinhala Grammar → Unit 5: Advanced Grammar → Passive Voice</div>
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-In this lesson, we will learn how to use the passive voice in Sinhala. The passive voice is used to talk about actions or events without mentioning who does or did them. It is a useful tool in both spoken and written Sinhala, and can help you communicate more effectively.
+== Introduction ==
+Welcome to Unit 5 of our "Complete 0 to A1 Sinhala Course"! In this unit, we will delve into the intricacies of advanced grammar in the Sinhala language. Our focus for this lesson is the passive voice. The passive voice allows us to talk about actions and events without mentioning who does or did them. It is an important grammatical structure that will help you express yourself more effectively in Sinhala.
+Throughout this lesson, we will explore the usage, formation, and examples of the passive voice in Sinhala. We will also touch upon cultural aspects related to the topic, providing you with not only a comprehensive understanding of the grammar but also insights into the Sinhala language and its cultural context.
+So, let's dive into the fascinating world of the passive voice in Sinhala!
+== The Passive Voice in Sinhala ==
+. Understanding the Passive Voice
+The passive voice is used to shift the focus from the doer of the action to the receiver of the action. In other words, it allows us to emphasize the object or the recipient of the action rather than the subject or the doer.
+In Sinhala, the passive voice is formed by using the verb stem followed by the particle "ද" (da) and the verb ending "මු" (mu). For example, let's take the verb "පාර" (para) which means "to read". The passive voice of this verb would be "පාරදමු" (para damu), which means "to be read".
+. Usage of the Passive Voice
+The passive voice is used in various situations in Sinhala. Here are some common usages:
-<span link>Take some time to dive into these other pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/Adjectives-and-Adverbs|Adjectives and Adverbs]] & [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]].</span>
+- When the doer of the action is unknown or unimportant:
-== What is the Passive Voice? ==
+  - මාව සුළු පාට දුටුවීය. (Māva sulupa pāta dutuwīya.)
-The passive voice is a way of constructing a sentence where the subject receives the action of the verb, rather than performing the action itself. In active voice, the subject is the one performing the action of the verb, while in passive voice, the subject is the one receiving the action of the verb. For example:
+    (I was given a beautiful gift.)
+  - මම මිනිසුන්ට ප්‍රසිද්ධ වීම් දුටුම්දීය. (Mama minisunti prasidu wīmusīya.)
+    (I was informed by the students.)
-Active voice: The boy kicked the ball.
+- When the receiver of the action is more important:
-Passive voice: The ball was kicked by the boy.
+  - එය ස්වයංක්‍රියව සිදු වීම් යන්න පට්ටමක් ඇතුලත්වීය. (Eya svaṃkrīyava sidu wīmus yanna pattamak ātultuvīya.)
+    (It is important to be disciplined.)
-In the passive sentence, the ball is the subject and it receives the action of the verb "kicked." Notice how the subject and object switch places in the passive sentence.
+- When the action is a general truth or a habitual action:
+  - මිනිසුන් සහෝදරයේ යමු. (Minisunti sahodaraye yamu.)
+    (Students are respected.)
-== How to Form the Passive Voice ==
+. Formation of the Passive Voice
-To form the passive voice in Sinhala, you need to follow a particular structure. First, use the word "දැන්" (den) meaning "by" or "through," followed by the agent (the person or thing that performs the action). Then, use the verb in the past participle form and add the correct form of the verb "අලුත් කරනවා" (aluth karanava) meaning "to be done." Here's an example:
+To form the passive voice in Sinhala, follow these steps:
-මම ගෙදර ඇත්තා. (mama gedara eththa)
+Step 1: Remove the verb ending (මු or වු) from the verb stem.
-"I am at home."
+Step 2: Add the particle "ද" (da) after the verb stem.
+Step 3: Add the appropriate verb ending based on the tense, mood, or aspect.
-Now, let's change this sentence to passive voice:
+For example, let's take the verb "පාර" (para) which means "to read". Here's how we can form the passive voice:
-ගෙදරට දැන් මම එකතු වූයේ. (gedarat den mama ekathu wuee)
+Present Tense:
-"I was brought home by me."
+- Singular: පාරදමුය (para damuya) - is being read
+- Plural: පාරදමුයි (para damuyi) - are being read
-Notice how the subject and object of the sentence have switched places in the passive sentence, and the word "දැන්" (den) has been added to indicate the agent who performed the action.
+Past Tense:
+- Singular: පාරදමුවීය (para damuwīya) - was/were read
+- Plural: පාරදමුවීයි (para damuwīyi) - were read
-Here's a table with some more examples:
+Future Tense:
+- Singular: පාරදමුන්ට (para damunti) - will be read
+- Plural: පාරදමුන්ටි (para damunti) - will be read
+. Examples of the Passive Voice
+Let's see some examples of the passive voice in action:
 {| class="wikitable"
-! Active Voice !! Passive Voice
+! Sinhala !! Pronunciation !! English
 |-
-| කාර්යාලයේ ස්ථානය තුළ පොත් දැකීම සහ ප්‍රතිශතයක් දෙන ලදී. (karayalaye sthanaya thula poth dakimi saha prathishthayak den ladhi)
+| පාරදමුය. || Para damuya. || It is being read.
-"The exhibition displayed books and sculptures."
-| පොත් සහ ප්‍රතිශතයන් දැකීම කාර්යාලයේ ස්ථානයේ මම් පෙර දැක්වෙන ඇයවැති විට පවස් හිට ඇත්තේ. (poth saha prathishthayak dakimi karayalaye sthanayata mama pera dakwena ayawithi watin pawas hita etha)
-"Books and sculptures were displayed in the exhibition by me."
 |-
-| මම කොන්ඩයේ ඇතිවුණා. (mama kondaye ethiwanawa)
+| පාරදමුවීයි. || Para damuwīyi. || They were read.
-"I came to the corner."
-| කොන්ඩයට දැන් මම එකතු වුනේ. (kondat den mama ekathu wunee)
-"I was brought to the corner by me."
 |-
-| මේ පොත කියවන්නේ කුමක්ද? (me potha kiyawanna kumakda?)
+| පාරදමුන්ටි. || Para damunti. || They will be read.
-"What is this book about?"
-| මේ පොත කියවන්නේ කුමක්වත් දැයි අපි කියා. (me potha kiyawanna kumak wath ayapai kiya)
-"This book is said to be about something by us."
 |}
-== When to Use the Passive Voice ==
+== Cultural Insights ==
-There are several situations where the passive voice is commonly used in Sinhala:
-- To put emphasis on the object being acted upon rather than the subject of the sentence.
+The usage and understanding of the passive voice can vary across different regions and cultures. In Sinhala, the passive voice is commonly used to show respect and humility, especially when talking about oneself or others. It is a way of downplaying personal achievements or actions and attributing them to external factors or circumstances.
-Example: රෝහල විසින් ප්‍රවාහන යන්න මුල දීර්ඝ කරන ලදී. (rohala visin perevanin muladirajak karan ladyee)
-"The hospital was destroyed by an earthquake."
-- To avoid mentioning the subject, where the subject is obvious or irrelevant.
+In Sinhala culture, there is an emphasis on collectivism and harmony within the community. The passive voice reflects this cultural value by shifting the focus from the individual to the collective. It promotes a sense of interconnectedness and shared responsibility, where actions and events are seen as a result of collective efforts rather than individual achievements.
-Example: මේ විදේශයේ වම් පොළොව මිලවිය යුත්තේ. (me widekhayen van polowa milawiyatti yuththayi)
-"The left lane of this road must be kept clear."
-- In formal or academic writing, to sound more objective.
+An interesting cultural fact related to the passive voice in Sinhala is the concept of "අපිට දාන්න" (apitu danna), which translates to "let it be done by us". This phrase is often used in situations where a task or responsibility is shared among a group of people. It reflects the collective mindset and highlights the importance of collaboration and cooperation in achieving goals.
-Example: අස්වැනි ප්‍රමාණයේ දුම්රියතම මගට දැනුම් දීවන්නේ මුල් සියයකි. (asweni pramanayen dumaritama magat denum divenna muul siyakki)
-"What I have learned about the dwarf planet is just a beginning."
-== Exercises ==
+== Practice Exercises ==
-* Change the following sentences into passive voice:
+Now it's time to put your knowledge of the passive voice into practice! Complete the following exercises and check your answers below:
-# මම ඒ කොටසට නැති උපරිම පෙරේරාව ලිව්වා.
-# අස්වැනි කොටස් ඉදිරි කර ඇතිවුණා.
-# ඔවුන් මම කාන්තාවකට යන්නෙ නැතිවූ කාර්යයක් කරන ලදී.
-# චිත්‍රපටයක් දක්වන්නේ අදත් දවස දිනයේ.
-# මගේ ගෙදර පිහිටුවේ නියෝජ්‍ය තියෙනවා.
-* Translate the following sentences into Sinhala:
+Exercise 1: Form the passive voice of the following verbs in Sinhala:
-# The cats are being fed by the old lady.
-# The trees have been planted by the children.
-# The birthday cake was baked by my sister.
-# The letter will be posted by me tomorrow.
-# The movie has been watched by everyone in the theater.
-Congratulations, you've learned how to use the passive voice in Sinhala! Keep practicing and incorporating this grammar structure into your conversations and writing to express yourself more clearly and effectively.
+. රැස්වීම් (rāsvīmus) - to clean
+. අරුතිය (aruthiya) - to help
+. පිටිය (pitīya) - to open
+. සුපිරිම (supirim) - to love
+. අපිට දාන්න (apitu danna) - to do collectively
+Exercise 2: Translate the following sentences into English using the passive voice in Sinhala:
+. මම දැන් හාමුදුන්ගේ සහෝදරයි.
+. එය වනවිට පෙර මාව සුළු තියෙන්නෙයි.
+. එය දුටු පෙර මම හාමුදුන්ට සේවා කරනවා.
+. මම බලන්නෙයි කියලා එයින් පාඩු කරාමු.
+Exercise 3: Rewrite the following sentences in the active voice in Sinhala:
+. මම විශ්වාසයි දැන් සිටියි.
+. එය විශ්වාසයි කරුණාවයි.
+. මම විශ්වාසයි හාමුදුන්ගේ සහෝදරයි.
+. මම විශ්වාසයේ තියෙන්නෙයි කියලා එයින් පාඩු කරනවා.
+== Answer Key ==
+Exercise 1:
+. රැස්වීම් (rāsvīmus) - රැස්වදමුය (rāsuvadamuya)
+. අරුතිය (aruthiya) - අරුතිදමුය (aruthidamuya)
+. පිටිය (pitīya) - පිටිදමුය (pitidamuya)
+. සුපිරිම (supirim) - සුපිරිදමුය (supiridamuya)
+. අපිට දාන්න (apitu danna) - අපිට දමුය (apitu damuya)
+Exercise 2:
+. I am respected by my teachers.
+. It was given to me earlier.
+. It is being served to me by the waiters.
+. I am loved by my parents.
+Exercise 3:
+. I know the answer.
+. It creates a problem.
+. I am respected by my teachers.
+. I am doing the work in the classroom.
 {{#seo:
-|title=Lesson: Sinhala Grammar - Unit 5: Advanced Grammar - Passive Voice | Learn Sinhala
+|title=Sinhala Grammar → Unit 5: Advanced Grammar → Passive Voice
-|keywords=advanced sinhala grammar, sinhala passive voice, sinhala lessons, learn sinhala, sinhala course, learn sinhala online
+|keywords=Sinhala grammar, Sinhala course, Sinhala language, passive voice in Sinhala
-|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use the passive voice in Sinhala. The passive voice is used to talk about actions or events without mentioning who does or did them.
+|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use the passive voice in Sinhala to talk about actions and events without mentioning the doer. Explore the formation, usage, and cultural insights related to the passive voice in Sinhala.
 }}
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 [[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
 [[Category:Sinhala-0-to-A1-Course]]
+<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
-==Other Lessons==
-* [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
-* [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/Sinhala-Slang-and-Colloquialisms|Sinhala Slang and Colloquialisms]]
-* [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
-* [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/Expressions-and-Idioms|Expressions and Idioms]]
-* [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/Sinhala-Alphabet|Sinhala Alphabet]]
-* [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
-* [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/Adjectives-and-Adverbs|Adjectives and Adverbs]]
-* [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
-* [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]]
-<span class='maj'></span>
-==Sources==
-* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hFk4h0cXINA Passive Voice all tenses | Learn English in Sinhala ( New Step-by]
-* [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=4NChfVashK0 Active voice / Passive voice in sinhala # passive voice සිංහලෙන් ...]
-* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7SJHQaqH0iQ Passive Voice in Sinhala (Full Lesson) | Learn English in Sinhala ...]
 ==Videos==
@@ Line 134: / Line 164: @@
 ===Passive Voice all tenses | Learn English in Sinhala ( New Step-by===
 <youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hFk4h0cXINA</youtube>
+==Sources==
+* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hFk4h0cXINA Passive Voice all tenses | Learn English in Sinhala ( New Step-by]
+* [https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=4NChfVashK0 Active voice / Passive voice in sinhala # passive voice සිංහලෙන් ...]
+* [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7SJHQaqH0iQ Passive Voice in Sinhala (Full Lesson) | Learn English in Sinhala ...]
+==Other Lessons==
+* [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
+* [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/Sinhala-Slang-and-Colloquialisms|Sinhala Slang and Colloquialisms]]
+* [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
+* [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/Expressions-and-Idioms|Expressions and Idioms]]
+* [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/Sinhala-Alphabet|Sinhala Alphabet]]
+* [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
+* [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/Adjectives-and-Adverbs|Adjectives and Adverbs]]
+* [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
+* [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]]
 {{Sinhala-Page-Bottom}}
-<span links></span>
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