Difference between revisions of "Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/Basic-structure-of-a-sentence"
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| Line 98: | Line 98: | ||
|我 | |我 | ||
|去 | |去 | ||
|学校。 | |學校。/学校。 | ||
|Wǒ qù xuéxiào. | |Wǒ qù xuéxiào. | ||
|I go to school. | |I go to school. | ||
| Line 108: | Line 108: | ||
|You drink soup. | |You drink soup. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|我们 | |我們/我们 | ||
|要 买 | |要 買/要 买 | ||
|电脑。 | |電脑。/电脑。 | ||
|Wǒmen yāomǎi diànnǎo. | |Wǒmen yāomǎi diànnǎo. | ||
|We will buy a computer. | |We will buy a computer. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|他 | |他 | ||
|说 | |說/说 | ||
|中文。 | |中文。 | ||
|Tā shuō Zhōngwén. | |Tā shuō Zhōngwén. | ||
| Line 121: | Line 121: | ||
|- | |- | ||
|我 | |我 | ||
|喜欢 | |喜歡/喜欢 | ||
|那 个 小 孩子。 | |那 個 小 孩子。/那 个 小 孩子。 | ||
|Wǒ xǐhuān nàgè xiǎo háizi. | |Wǒ xǐhuān nàgè xiǎo háizi. | ||
|I like this child. | |I like this child. | ||
| Line 128: | Line 128: | ||
|我 | |我 | ||
|想 吃 | |想 吃 | ||
|中国 菜。 | |中國 菜。/中国 菜。 | ||
|Wǒ xiǎng chī Zhōngguó cài. | |Wǒ xiǎng chī Zhōngguó cài. | ||
|I want to eat Chinese. | |I want to eat Chinese. | ||
|- | |- | ||
|我 | |我 | ||
|爱 | |愛/爱 | ||
|你 和 爸爸。 | |你 和 爸爸。 | ||
|Wǒ ài nǐ hé bàba. | |Wǒ ài nǐ hé bàba. | ||
| Line 140: | Line 140: | ||
|你 | |你 | ||
|想 吃 | |想 吃 | ||
|什么 菜？ | |什麽 菜？/什么 菜？ | ||
|Nǐ xiǎng chī shénme cài? | |Nǐ xiǎng chī shénme cài? | ||
|Do you want to eat which dish? | |Do you want to eat which dish? | ||
| Line 146: | Line 146: | ||
|你 | |你 | ||
|要 做 | |要 做 | ||
|什么？ | |什麽？/什么？ | ||
|Nǐ yào zuò shénme? | |Nǐ yào zuò shénme? | ||
|What do you want to do ? | |What do you want to do? | ||
|} | |} | ||
==Source== | ==Source== | ||
https://chine.in/mandarin/grammaire/ASGETNCO | https://chine.in/mandarin/grammaire/ASGETNCO | ||
Revision as of 13:54, 18 November 2018
In its most basic form, the order of words in Chinese is quite similar to the order of words in English.
However, do not expect to have a completely similar order, especially when you try more complex sentences.
subject-predicate
The most basic word order in Chinese is:
Subject + verb
You can create very simple sentences with only two words.
Examples
| Subject | Verb | Pinyin | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 他 | 笑。 | Tā xiào. | He's laughing. |
| 你 | 吃。 | Nǐ chī. | You eat. |
| 我 | 讀/读。 | Wǒ dú. | I am reading. |
| 你 | 看。 | Nǐ kàn. | You look. |
| 你 | 說/说。 | Nǐ shuō. | You speak. |
| 我 | 去。 | Wǒ qù. | I leave. |
| 你 | 滾/滚！ | Nǐ gǔn | Leave here |
| 孩子 | 哭。 | Háizi kū. | The children are crying. |
| 谁 | 要 學？/要 学？ | Shuí yào xué? | Who wants to study? |
| 誰/谁 | 想 做？ | Shuí xiǎng zuò? | Who wants to do it? |
Subject, verb and complement
A simple sentence is often composed of a complement and follows this structure:
Subject + Verb + Complement
It's exactly like in English, a word order designated by the name SVC.
You can express a whole range of information with this very simple structure.
Examples
| Subject | Verb | Complement | Pinyin | Translation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 我 | 吃 | 肉。 | Wǒ chī ròu. | I eat meat. |
| 我 | 去 | 學校。/学校。 | Wǒ qù xuéxiào. | I go to school. |
| 你 | 喝 | 汤。 | Nǐ hē tāng. | You drink soup. |
| 我們/我们 | 要 買/要 买 | 電脑。/电脑。 | Wǒmen yāomǎi diànnǎo. | We will buy a computer. |
| 他 | 說/说 | 中文。 | Tā shuō Zhōngwén. | He speaks Chinese. |
| 我 | 喜歡/喜欢 | 那 個 小 孩子。/那 个 小 孩子。 | Wǒ xǐhuān nàgè xiǎo háizi. | I like this child. |
| 我 | 想 吃 | 中國 菜。/中国 菜。 | Wǒ xiǎng chī Zhōngguó cài. | I want to eat Chinese. |
| 我 | 愛/爱 | 你 和 爸爸。 | Wǒ ài nǐ hé bàba. | I love you and dad. |
| 你 | 想 吃 | 什麽 菜？/什么 菜？ | Nǐ xiǎng chī shénme cài? | Do you want to eat which dish? |
| 你 | 要 做 | 什麽？/什么？ | Nǐ yào zuò shénme? | What do you want to do? |