Difference between revisions of "Language/Plateau-malagasy/Grammar/Adverbs-and-Their-Usage"
m (Quick edit) |
m (Quick edit) |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
<span pgnav> | |||
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav" | |||
|[[Language/Plateau-malagasy/Grammar/Comparative-and-Superlative-Adjectives|◀️ Comparative and Superlative Adjectives — Previous Lesson]] | |||
|[[Language/Plateau-malagasy/Vocabulary/Modes-of-Transportation|Next Lesson — Modes of Transportation ▶️]] | |||
|} | |||
</span> | |||
{{Plateau-malagasy-Page-Top}} | {{Plateau-malagasy-Page-Top}} | ||
| Line 107: | Line 114: | ||
{{Plateau-malagasy-Page-Bottom}} | {{Plateau-malagasy-Page-Bottom}} | ||
<span links></span> | <span links></span> | ||
<span pgnav> | |||
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav" | |||
|[[Language/Plateau-malagasy/Grammar/Comparative-and-Superlative-Adjectives|◀️ Comparative and Superlative Adjectives — Previous Lesson]] | |||
|[[Language/Plateau-malagasy/Vocabulary/Modes-of-Transportation|Next Lesson — Modes of Transportation ▶️]] | |||
|} | |||
</span> | |||
Revision as of 22:32, 2 April 2023
| ◀️ Comparative and Superlative Adjectives — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Modes of Transportation ▶️ |
Adverbs are an essential part of speech in Plateau Malagasy. They modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs, providing additional information about the manner, degree, time, frequency, or context of an action or situation. In this lesson, you will learn about adverbs in Plateau Malagasy, including their formation, placement, and usage.
Don't hesitate to look into these other pages after completing this lesson: 0 to A1 Course & How to Use Have.
Formation of Adverbs
In Plateau Malagasy, most adverbs are derived from adjectives by adding the suffix "-ana". This suffix corresponds to the English "-ly", but with a broader meaning, as it can also indicate a state or a capacity. Here are some examples:
| Plateau Malagasy | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| mazava | /mazava/ | clear |
| mazavana | /mazavana/ | clearly |
| matoky | /matoky/ | faithful |
| matokiana | /matokijana/ | faithfully |
| tsara | /tsara/ | good |
| tsarana | /tsaranə/ | well |
| ratsy | /ratsy/ | bad |
| ratsiana | /ratsijana/ | badly |
Some adjectives have alternative forms to express the adverbial sense, such as "taitra" for "slowly" or "hahita" for "clearly", but they are less common and tend to be regional or archaic.
Some adverbs do not come from adjectives but are independent words, such as "sady" for "also" or "dia" for "then".
Placement of Adverbs
Adverbs can have different positions in a sentence in Plateau Malagasy, depending on their function and the emphasis they convey. However, the basic order is subject-verb-object, as in most Malayo-Polynesian languages. Here are some common patterns:
- Adverbs that modify a verb usually come after the verb or the object:
- Mibodoa mazavana ny mpampianatra. (The teacher speaks clearly.)
- Miankina tsarana ny trano. (The house is built well.)
- Mandalo ratsiana ny olona. (The person walks badly.)
- Adverbs that modify an adjective usually come before the adjective or after a copula verb:
- Tsara ny hafaliana. (The feeling is good.)
- Vonjy tsarana ny hazo. (The tree is tall.)
- Adverbs that indicate time, frequency, or duration usually come at the beginning or at the end of a sentence:
- Alahelo ny andro. (Today is Sunday.)
- Maro ny miaramila. (There are many soldiers.)
- Adinoina hatramin'ny faran'ny volana ny fandraisana tombony. (The reward will be given at the end of the month.)
However, these are not rigid rules, and adverbs can be moved for stylistic or rhetorical purposes. For example, placing an adverb at the beginning of a sentence can emphasize the time, the manner, or the degree of an action or event:
- Ratsy noho izao angamba ny natao tamin'ny fahafatesana tamin'ny mpamoaka ny fanjakana. (Badly done perhaps is what caused the assassination of the royal family.)
Usage of Adverbs
Adverbs serve various purposes in Plateau Malagasy, some of which overlap with those of adjectives or other parts of speech. Here are some common functions of adverbs:
- Modifying verbs: Adverbs can modify the meaning of verbs by indicating the manner, degree, time, frequency, or context of an action or event.
- Fahadisoana tsara no ilaina hanome vola. (Good organization is needed to give money.)
- Tsy hita afa-tsy matokyana izay fomba fiasan'ny tomponandraikitra. (We cannot see faithfully the way the leaders behave.)
- Nanao izay tsara tamin'ny fotoana tokony ho tany izy. (He did what was well at the right time.)
- Modifying adjectives: Adverbs can modify the meaning of adjectives by indicating the degree or the quality of a property.
- Mitovy tsara ny vatanao sy ny vatana ny reninahitra. (Your dress and the dress of the queen are equally beautiful.)
- Mibaribary tsarana ny fiainana ao an-tranon'ny mpampianatra. (The life of the teachers at the school is quite busy.)
- Expressing attitudes or evaluations: Adverbs can express the speaker's attitude or evaluation of a situation, by indicating approval, disapproval, uncertainty, or emphasis.
- Mbola mazava mahakasika ny dingana vitany tokoa ve izao? (Is it still clear about his real intention?)
- Satria tsy mahavita an'i Jesosy aho, tsy hatramin'ny farany. (Because I can't do it by myself, never.)
- Koa mihainoa tsarana ny fihirana nafantanterahana tamin'ny fotoana hijery anao amin'izao tontolo izao. (So listen carefully to the song created for you at this moment on Earth.)
In addition to these functions, adverbs can also have various grammatical roles, such as complementing verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, or expressing negation, interrogation, or affirmation.
Congratulations! You have completed the lesson on adverbs in Plateau Malagasy! Now you can understand better the structure and meaning of sentences and express more nuances in your communication. Keep practicing and enjoy the beauty and diversity of this unique language!
Other Lessons
- Questions
- Give your Opinion
- Pronouns and Their Usage
- Conjunctions and Their Usage
- Conditional Mood
- Nouns and Gender
- How to Use Be
- Gender
- Pronouns
- Basic Sentence Structure
Template:Plateau-malagasy-Page-Bottom
| ◀️ Comparative and Superlative Adjectives — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Modes of Transportation ▶️ |