Language/Javanese/Grammar/Common-Conjunctions

Javanese → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Common Conjunctions

Introduction

In Javanese language, conjunctions are essential elements of a sentence. They are used to connect words, phrases, or clauses and to add more complexity to a sentence. In this lesson, you will learn the most common Javanese conjunctions and how to use them in sentences.

Don't hesitate to look into these other pages after completing this lesson: Nouns & Questions and Negations.

Coordinating Conjunctions

Pangrasa (And)

The Pangrasa conjunction in Javanese language is used to connect two phrases or clauses that have similar meanings. It is similar to the English conjunction "and".

Javanese	Pronunciation	English
yarè	[jɔre]	and

Example:

• aku wis takon karo bapak yarè ibu.

This sentence means "I have asked both my father and my mother."

Lan (And)

The Lan conjunction in Javanese language is also used to connect two phrases or clauses. It is similar to the English conjunction "and". However, Lan is used to connect words or phrases that have the same function in a sentence.

Javanese	Pronunciation	English
lan	[lan]	and

Example:

• aku lan adikku iso nggawa kerja aku.

This sentence means "Me and my sibling can do my work."

Tapi (But)

The Tapi conjunction in Javanese language is used to connect phrases or clauses that have opposite meanings. It is similar to the English conjunction "but".

Javanese	Pronunciation	English
tapi	[tapi]	but

Example:

• kemeja ku wis sira bener, tapi kancane wis prahara.

This sentence means "My shirt is already neat, but my pants are already worn out."

Ora, Utawa, Yen (Or)

The Ora, Utawa, Yen conjunction in Javanese language is used to connect phrases or clauses that express alternatives. It is similar to the English conjunction "or". Ora and Utawa are used interchangeably. Yen is used when you want to create a conditional sentence.

Javanese	Pronunciation	English
ora, utawa, yen	[ɔrɔ, utawɔ, jɛn]	or

Example:

• aku menehi kabar sama ibu, ora adikku.

This sentence means "I gave the news only to my mother, not to my sibling."

Subordinating Conjunctions

Kaya (Like, As If)

The Kaya conjunction in Javanese language is used to indicate a comparison, and is similar to the English phrases "like" or "as if".

Javanese	Pronunciation	English
kaya	[kaja]	like, as if

Example:

• aku kaya merindu sepur, terus maringi rasane tak bagéa.

This sentence means "I miss the train like I've lost something important."

Syarat (If, When)

The Syarat conjunction in Javanese language is used to indicate a condition, and it can mean "if" or "when" depending on the context.

Javanese	Pronunciation	English
syarat	[sjɔrat]	if, when

Example:

• jarene wis emoh syarat dipanjenengan gone asal wis tekan ing jaton.

This sentence means "The plate is broken if you hold it from the edge and then hit it on the table."

Nanging (But, Although)

The Nanging conjunction in Javanese language is used to indicate a contrast or opposition, and it can mean both "but" and "although" in different contexts.

Javanese	Pronunciation	English
nanging	[naŋiŋ]	but, although

Example:

• aku wis tanda-tangan kontrak, nanging aku ono keleyan loro.

This sentence means "I have signed the contract, but I still have two debts."

Conclusion

In conclusion, Javanese conjunctions are essential to making more complex sentences. By mastering the common conjunctions listed in this lesson, you will be able to create more expressive and detailed sentences in Javanese language. Keep practicing and incorporating new vocabulary to improve your language skills!

Excellent job on conquering this lesson! Consider delving into these related pages: Conditional Mood & Adjectives.

Table of Contents - Javanese Course - 0 to A1

• Course Presentation

  ---

Greetings and Introductions

• Basic Greetings
• Introducing Yourself

  ---

Sentence Structure

• Subject-Verb-Object
• Questions and Negations

  ---

Numbers and Time

• Numbers 1-10
• Telling Time

  ---

Nouns and Pronouns

• Personal Pronouns
• Possessive Pronouns

  ---

Family and Relationships

• Family Members
• Relationship Terms

  ---

Verbs and Tenses

• Present Tense
• Past Tense

  ---

Food and Drinks

• Common Foods
• Drinks and Beverages

  ---

Adjectives and Adverbs

• Descriptive Adjectives
• Adverbs of Manner

  ---

Travel and Transportation

• Modes of Transportation
• Travel Vocabulary

  ---

Prepositions and Conjunctions

• Basic Prepositions
• Common Conjunctions

  ---

Javanese Customs and Etiquette

• Politeness Levels
• Social Etiquette

Other Lessons

• How to Use Be
• Conditional Mood
• Adjectives
• Subject Verb Object
• Questions
• Negation
• Questions and Negations
• Possessive Pronouns
• Past Tense

Sources

• Conjunction in English and Javanese - Learn Entry