Language/Javanese/Vocabulary/Telling-Time
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Introduction[edit | edit source]
Welcome to the "Numbers and Time" lesson of the "Complete 0 to A1 Javanese Course"! In this lesson, we will dive into the topic of telling time in Javanese. Time is a fundamental aspect of human life, and being able to express and understand time is crucial for effective communication. Whether you want to schedule a meeting, catch a train, or simply have a conversation about daily activities, knowing how to tell time in Javanese will greatly enhance your language skills and cultural understanding.
In this comprehensive lesson, we will explore the intricacies of telling time in Javanese. We will start by learning the basic vocabulary related to hours, minutes, and seconds. Then, we will delve into the different ways of expressing time in Javanese, including both the 12-hour and 24-hour formats. Throughout the lesson, we will provide numerous examples and practice exercises to reinforce your understanding and application of the concepts.
Let's begin this exciting journey into the world of Javanese time-telling!
Javanese Vocabulary for Time[edit | edit source]
Before we dive into the specifics of telling time in Javanese, let's first familiarize ourselves with the basic vocabulary related to time. Here are some essential words and phrases you'll need to know:
Hours[edit | edit source]
In Javanese, the word for "hour" is "jam". Here are the numbers from one to twelve in Javanese, which will be used to express the hours:
| Javanese | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| siji | [ˈsiji] | one |
| loro | [ˈloro] | two |
| telu | [ˈtelu] | three |
| papat | [ˈpapat] | four |
| lima | [ˈlima] | five |
| nem | [ˈnɛm] | six |
| pitu | [ˈpitu] | seven |
| wolu | [ˈwolu] | eight |
| songo | [ˈsoŋo] | nine |
| sepuluh | [ˈsɛpuluh] | ten |
| sebelas | [sɛˈbɛlas] | eleven |
| rolas | [ˈrolas] | twelve |
Minutes[edit | edit source]
In Javanese, the word for "minute" is "menit". Here are the numbers from one to sixty in Javanese, which will be used to express the minutes:
| Javanese | Pronunciation | English |
|---|---|---|
| siji | [ˈsiji] | one |
| loro | [ˈloro] | two |
| telu | [ˈtelu] | three |
| papat | [ˈpapat] | four |
| lima | [ˈlima] | five |
| nem | [ˈnɛm] | six |
| pitu | [ˈpitu] | seven |
| wolu | [ˈwolu] | eight |
| songo | [ˈsoŋo] | nine |
| sepuluh | [ˈsɛpuluh] | ten |
| sebelas | [sɛˈbɛlas] | eleven |
| rolas | [ˈrolas] | twelve |
| tulus | [ˈtulus] | thirteen |
| patang puluh | [ˈpatang ˈpuluh] | twenty |
| pitung puluh | [ˈpitung ˈpuluh] | thirty |
| wolu puluh | [ˈwolu ˈpuluh] | forty |
| songo puluh | [ˈsoŋo ˈpuluh] | fifty |
| sewelas | [sɛˈwɛlas] | sixty |
Seconds[edit | edit source]
In Javanese, the word for "second" is "detik". The numbers used to express seconds are the same as those used for minutes.
Now that we have familiarized ourselves with the basic vocabulary for time in Javanese, let's move on to the different ways of telling time.
Telling Time in Javanese[edit | edit source]
Javanese follows both the 12-hour and 24-hour clock formats. In this section, we will explore both formats and learn how to tell time accurately in Javanese.
The 12-Hour Clock[edit | edit source]
The 12-hour clock is commonly used in everyday life to express time in Javanese. To tell time in the 12-hour clock format, we combine the hour and minute expressions.
Here's the general structure for telling time in Javanese using the 12-hour clock:
Hour + Menit + (AM/PM)
Let's break down each component and explore how to express them in Javanese.
Hour[edit | edit source]
To express the hour in Javanese, we use the numbers from one to twelve that we have already learned. Here are a few examples:
- Siji jam sethithik. (One o'clock)
- Papat jam telu menit. (Four thirty)
- Wolu jam songo menit. (Eight fifty-nine)
Minutes[edit | edit source]
To express the minutes in Javanese, we use the numbers from one to sixty that we have already learned. Here are a few examples:
- Siji jam lima menit. (One oh-five)
- Telu jam telu puluh menit. (Three thirty)
- Lima jam wolu puluh menit. (Five forty)
AM/PM[edit | edit source]
In Javanese, we use the terms "isuk" and "sonten" to denote AM and PM, respectively. Here are a few examples:
- Siji jam isuk. (One AM)
- Lima jam sonten. (Five PM)
To tell time in the 12-hour format, simply combine the hour, minute, and AM/PM expressions. Here are a few examples:
- Siji jam telu menit sonten. (One three PM)
- Lima jam rolas menit isuk. (Five twelve AM)
- Wolu jam patang puluh menit sonten. (Eight twenty PM)
The 24-Hour Clock[edit | edit source]
The 24-hour clock, also known as the military or international standard time, is used in various contexts such as transportation schedules, official documents, and scientific settings. In Javanese, the 24-hour clock is less commonly used in everyday conversations, but it's important to familiarize yourself with it for practical purposes.
To tell time in the 24-hour clock format, we use the same hour and minute expressions as in the 12-hour clock. However, we do not use the AM/PM expressions. Instead, we simply state the hour and minute.
Here's the general structure for telling time in Javanese using the 24-hour clock:
Hour + Menit
Let's look at a few examples:
- Siji jam telu menit. (13:03)
- Lima jam rolas menit. (05:12)
- Wolu jam patang puluh menit. (20:50)
Cultural Insights[edit | edit source]
Telling time in Javanese is not just about linguistic accuracy; it also carries cultural significance. The concept of time in Javanese culture is deeply rooted in the traditional agricultural practices and the Javanese calendar system.
In Javanese culture, time is often perceived as a cyclical and interconnected phenomenon rather than a linear progression. The Javanese calendar, known as the "Pawukon" or "Wuku" calendar, divides time into cycles of different lengths. These cycles, which range from 1 to 210 days, are believed to influence different aspects of life, such as agriculture, rituals, and personal fortune.
Furthermore, Javanese culture values the concept of "jam karet" (rubber time), which refers to a more relaxed and flexible approach to punctuality. While punctuality is still important in certain formal settings, such as business meetings or official events, Javanese people generally have a more relaxed attitude towards time and prioritize interpersonal relationships over strict adherence to schedules.
It's also worth noting that Javanese time-telling may vary slightly across different regions and social contexts. For example, in rural areas, where traditional customs are still strong, people may rely more on natural cues, such as the position of the sun or the sounds of birds, to estimate the time. In urban areas, on the other hand, digital clocks and watches have become more prevalent, especially among the younger generation.
Learning to tell time in Javanese not only helps you communicate effectively but also deepens your understanding of Javanese culture and its unique perception of time.
Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]
Now that we have explored the vocabulary and nuances of telling time in Javanese, let's put your knowledge into practice! The following exercises will help you reinforce what you've learned and build your confidence in telling time accurately in Javanese.
Exercise 1: Translate the following times into Javanese using the 12-hour clock format:
1. 9:15 AM 2. 7:30 PM 3. 11:45 AM 4. 3:20 PM
Exercise 2: Translate the following times into Javanese using the 24-hour clock format:
1. 9:15 2. 19:30 3. 11:45 4. 15:20
Exercise 3: Write the Javanese translation for the following English sentences:
1. It's two o'clock. 2. The train departs at nine twenty. 3. We have a meeting at three fifteen.
Exercise 4: Write the English translation for the following Javanese sentences:
1. Siji jam telu menit sonten. 2. Lima jam rolas menit isuk. 3. Wolu jam patang puluh menit sonten.
Solutions:
Exercise 1: 1. Songo jam seket menit isuk. 2. Pitung jam telu puluh menit sonten. 3. Sebelas jam papat puluh lima menit isuk. 4. Telu jam rolas menit sonten.
Exercise 2: 1. 09:15 2. 19:30 3. 11:45 4. 15:20
Exercise 3: 1. Jam loro. 2. Kereta mabur jam sanga telu puluh menit. 3. Kita ana rapat jam telu menit siji puluh lima menit.
Exercise 4: 1. It's three fifteen PM. 2. It's five twelve AM. 3. It's eight fifty PM.
Keep practicing and you'll soon become a master of telling time in Javanese!
Conclusion[edit | edit source]
Congratulations! You have successfully completed the "Telling Time" lesson in the "Complete 0 to A1 Javanese Course." In this lesson, we explored the vocabulary and structures needed to express time in Javanese, both in the 12-hour and 24-hour clock formats. We also delved into the cultural insights surrounding Javanese time-telling, giving you a deeper understanding of Javanese culture and its unique perception of time.
By mastering the art of telling time in Javanese, you have taken a significant step towards becoming fluent in the language. Time is a universal aspect of human life, and being able to express and understand time will greatly enhance your communication skills in Javanese-speaking communities.
Keep practicing and applying what you've learned in real-life situations. As you continue your language learning journey, remember to embrace the cultural nuances and unique characteristics of the Javanese language. The more you immerse yourself in the beauty of the Javanese language and culture, the more you will thrive as a language learner.
Selamat belajar! (Happy learning!)
Sources[edit | edit source]
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- Basic Greetings
- Family Members
- Count from 1 to 10
- Modes of Transportation
- Common Foods
- Numbers 1 10
- The 4 Seasons
- Fruits
- Colors
| ◀️ Numbers 1-10 — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Personal Pronouns ▶️ |