Difference between revisions of "Language/Mandarin-chinese/Grammar/Basic-structure-of-a-sentence"

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===Examples===
===Examples===


{Tab}
{| class="wikitable"
|Subject
|Verb
|Pinyin
|Translation
|-
|他
|笑。
|Tā xiào.
|He's laughing.
|-
|你
|吃。
|Nǐ chī.
|You eat.
|-
|我
|读。
|Wǒ dú.
|I am reading.
|-
|你
|看。
|Nǐ kàn.
|You look.
|-
|你
|说。
|Nǐ shuō.
|You speak.
|-
|我
|去。
|Wǒ qù.
|I leave.
|-
|你
|滚！
|Nǐ gǔn
|Leave here
|-
|孩子
|哭。
|Háizi kū.
|The children are crying.
|-
|谁
|要 学？
|Shuí yào xué?
|Who wants to study?
|-
|谁
|想 做？
|Shuí xiǎng zuò?
|Who wants to do it?
|}
 
==Subject, verb and complement==
==Subject, verb and complement==


Line 16: Line 72:
===Examples===
===Examples===


{Tab}
{| class="wikitable"
|Subject
|Verb
|Complement
|Pinyin
|Translation
|-
|我
|吃
|肉。
|Wǒ chī ròu.
|I eat meat.
|-
|我
|去
|学校。
|Wǒ qù xuéxiào.
|I go to school.
|-
|你
|喝
|汤。
|Nǐ hē tāng.
|You drink soup.
|-
|我们
|要 买
|电脑。
|Wǒmen yāomǎi diànnǎo.
|We will buy a computer.
|-
|他
|说
|中文。
|Tā shuō Zhōngwén.
|He speaks Chinese.
|-
|我
|喜欢
|那 个 小 孩子。
|Wǒ xǐhuān nàgè xiǎo háizi.
|I like this child.
|-
|我
|想 吃
|中国 菜。
|Wǒ xiǎng chī Zhōngguó cài.
|I want to eat Chinese.
|-
|我
|爱
|你 和 爸爸。
|Wǒ ài nǐ hé bàba.
|I love you and dad.
|-
|你
|想 吃
|什么 菜？
|Nǐ xiǎng chī shénme cài?
|Do you want to eat which dish?
|-
|你
|要 做
|什么？
|Nǐ yào zuò shénme?
|What do you want to do ?
|}

Revision as of 22:53, 4 September 2018

Basic structure of a sentence in Chinese

In its most basic form, the order of words in Chinese is quite similar to the order of words in English.

However, do not expect to have a completely similar order, especially when you try more complex sentences.

subject-predicate

The most basic word order in Chinese is: Structure Subject + verb You can create very simple sentences with only two words.

Examples

Subject Verb Pinyin Translation
他 笑。 Tā xiào. He's laughing.
你 吃。 Nǐ chī. You eat.
我 读。 Wǒ dú. I am reading.
你 看。 Nǐ kàn. You look.
你 说。 Nǐ shuō. You speak.
我 去。 Wǒ qù. I leave.
你 滚！ Nǐ gǔn Leave here
孩子 哭。 Háizi kū. The children are crying.
谁 要 学？ Shuí yào xué? Who wants to study?
谁 想 做？ Shuí xiǎng zuò? Who wants to do it?

Subject, verb and complement

A simple sentence is often composed of a complement and follows this structure: Structure Subject + Verb + Complement It's exactly like in French, a word order designated by the name SVC. You can express a whole range of information with this very simple structure.

Examples

Subject Verb Complement Pinyin Translation
我 吃 肉。 Wǒ chī ròu. I eat meat.
我 去 学校。 Wǒ qù xuéxiào. I go to school.
你 喝 汤。 Nǐ hē tāng. You drink soup.
我们 要 买 电脑。 Wǒmen yāomǎi diànnǎo. We will buy a computer.
他 说 中文。 Tā shuō Zhōngwén. He speaks Chinese.
我 喜欢 那 个 小 孩子。 Wǒ xǐhuān nàgè xiǎo háizi. I like this child.
我 想 吃 中国 菜。 Wǒ xiǎng chī Zhōngguó cài. I want to eat Chinese.
我 爱 你 和 爸爸。 Wǒ ài nǐ hé bàba. I love you and dad.
你 想 吃 什么 菜？ Nǐ xiǎng chī shénme cài? Do you want to eat which dish?
你 要 做 什么？ Nǐ yào zuò shénme? What do you want to do ?
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