Difference between revisions of "Language/Amharic/Grammar/Time-Clauses"
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[[File:Amharic-Language-PolyglotClub.png|thumb]] | [[File:Amharic-Language-PolyglotClub.png|thumb]] | ||
<div | <div class="pg_page_title"> Time Clauses in Amharic</div> | ||
The formation of the clause ሲያድግ siadïg = ሲ si + አድግ adïg in example II above, ሲ Si- is a prefix and means “when”. አድግ adïg is a root of ማደግ madäg [አደገ adägä] and means to grows up. So ሲያድግ siadïg means “when he grows up”. Combining ሲያድግ siadïg with the past tense verb ሆነ honä makes the meaning past, as in, “when he grew up.” | The formation of the clause ሲያድግ siadïg = ሲ si + አድግ adïg in example II above, ሲ Si- is a prefix and means “when”. አድግ adïg is a root of ማደግ madäg [አደገ adägä] and means to grows up. So ሲያድግ siadïg means “when he grows up”. Combining ሲያድግ siadïg with the past tense verb ሆነ honä makes the meaning past, as in, “when he grew up.” | ||
<blockquote> ሲያድግ ታላቅ እግር ኳስ ተጫዋች ሆነ siadïg talak’ ïgïr kwas täč’awač honä. When he grew up, he became a great football player. </blockquote> | <blockquote> ሲያድግ ታላቅ እግር ኳስ ተጫዋች ሆነ siadïg talak’ ïgïr kwas täč’awač honä. When he grew up, he became a great football player. </blockquote> | ||
There are two verbs in this sentence and only the second one shows the tense. The first one is part of the time clause. The verb honä determines the tense; he became (past tense). | There are two verbs in this sentence and only the second one shows the tense. The first one is part of the time clause. The verb honä determines the tense; he became (past tense). | ||
Time clauses can be used to express the present or future: | Time clauses can be used to express the present or future: | ||
<blockquote> ከትምህርት ቤት ስመለስ ሳሙና እገዛለሁ kä tïmïhïrt bet sïmäläs, samuna ïgäzallähu. When I come back from school, I will buy soap. </blockquote> | <blockquote> ከትምህርት ቤት ስመለስ ሳሙና እገዛለሁ kä tïmïhïrt bet sïmäläs, samuna ïgäzallähu. When I come back from school, I will buy soap. </blockquote> | ||
<blockquote> ከትምህርት ቤት ስመለስ ሳሙና ገዛሁ kä tïmïhïrt bet sïmäläs, samuna gäzahu. When I came back from school, I bought soap. </blockquote> | <blockquote> ከትምህርት ቤት ስመለስ ሳሙና ገዛሁ kä tïmïhïrt bet sïmäläs, samuna gäzahu. When I came back from school, I bought soap. </blockquote> | ||
<code> ስመለስ sïmäläs = ስ sï + መለስ mäläs. </code> | <code> ስመለስ sïmäläs = ስ sï + መለስ mäläs. </code> | ||
The full conjugation is given in the table below. | The full conjugation is given in the table below. | ||
መመለስ mämäläs [ተመለሰ tämäläsä] “to return” | መመለስ mämäläs [ተመለሰ tämäläsä] “to return” | ||
[[File:Amharic-Language-To-Return-PolyglotClub.jpg]] | [[File:Amharic-Language-To-Return-PolyglotClub.jpg]] | ||
Notice that in addition to the changing prefixes, some forms add a gender or number marker at the end. In the “ anči” form, an “-i” is added to the end, OR the consonant doubles, as above. In the “እናንተ ïnantä” and “ ïnnäsu/ እርስዎ ïrswo/እሳቸው ïssačäw” forms, a “-u” is added. | Notice that in addition to the changing prefixes, some forms add a gender or number marker at the end. In the “ anči” form, an “-i” is added to the end, OR the consonant doubles, as above. In the “እናንተ ïnantä” and “ ïnnäsu/ እርስዎ ïrswo/እሳቸው ïssačäw” forms, a “-u” is added. | ||
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https://www.livelingua.com/peace-corps/Amharic/Amharic%20Peace%20Corps%20Language%20Manual-2015.pdf | https://www.livelingua.com/peace-corps/Amharic/Amharic%20Peace%20Corps%20Language%20Manual-2015.pdf | ||
== | ==Other Lessons== | ||
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/bästä-prefix|bästä prefix]] | * [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/bästä-prefix|bästä prefix]] | ||
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Expressing-Obligation-or-Necessity|Expressing Obligation or Necessity]] | * [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Expressing-Obligation-or-Necessity|Expressing Obligation or Necessity]] | ||
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* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Stem-verbs|Stem verbs]] | * [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Stem-verbs|Stem verbs]] | ||
* [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Indirect-Object-Pronouns|Indirect Object Pronouns]] | * [[Language/Amharic/Grammar/Indirect-Object-Pronouns|Indirect Object Pronouns]] | ||
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Latest revision as of 13:09, 27 March 2023
The formation of the clause ሲያድግ siadïg = ሲ si + አድግ adïg in example II above, ሲ Si- is a prefix and means “when”. አድግ adïg is a root of ማደግ madäg [አደገ adägä] and means to grows up. So ሲያድግ siadïg means “when he grows up”. Combining ሲያድግ siadïg with the past tense verb ሆነ honä makes the meaning past, as in, “when he grew up.”
ሲያድግ ታላቅ እግር ኳስ ተጫዋች ሆነ siadïg talak’ ïgïr kwas täč’awač honä. When he grew up, he became a great football player.
There are two verbs in this sentence and only the second one shows the tense. The first one is part of the time clause. The verb honä determines the tense; he became (past tense).
Time clauses can be used to express the present or future:
ከትምህርት ቤት ስመለስ ሳሙና እገዛለሁ kä tïmïhïrt bet sïmäläs, samuna ïgäzallähu. When I come back from school, I will buy soap.
ከትምህርት ቤት ስመለስ ሳሙና ገዛሁ kä tïmïhïrt bet sïmäläs, samuna gäzahu. When I came back from school, I bought soap.
ስመለስ sïmäläs = ስ sï + መለስ mäläs.
The full conjugation is given in the table below.
መመለስ mämäläs [ተመለሰ tämäläsä] “to return”
Notice that in addition to the changing prefixes, some forms add a gender or number marker at the end. In the “ anči” form, an “-i” is added to the end, OR the consonant doubles, as above. In the “እናንተ ïnantä” and “ ïnnäsu/ እርስዎ ïrswo/እሳቸው ïssačäw” forms, a “-u” is added.
Source[edit | edit source]
https://www.livelingua.com/peace-corps/Amharic/Amharic%20Peace%20Corps%20Language%20Manual-2015.pdf
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- bästä prefix
- Expressing Obligation or Necessity
- Conditional Mood
- The Possessive Adjectives
- Conjugation of the verb መኖር “to live” (present tense)
- The Simple Past
- Personal pronouns
- Negation
- Stem verbs
- Indirect Object Pronouns