Difference between revisions of "Language/Georgian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have"
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* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Verbs-Destination-System|Verbs Destination System]] | * [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Verbs-Destination-System|Verbs Destination System]] | ||
* [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Conjugation-of-the-verb-“to-want”-ნდომა-in-the-Present-Tense|Conjugation of the verb “to want” ნდომა in the Present Tense]] | * [[Language/Georgian/Grammar/Conjugation-of-the-verb-“to-want”-ნდომა-in-the-Present-Tense|Conjugation of the verb “to want” ნდომა in the Present Tense]] | ||
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==Sources== | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgian_grammar Georgian grammar - Wikipedia] | |||
* [https://www.ocf.berkeley.edu/~shorena/GeorgianGrammar.html Georgian Grammar | Essentials of Georgian Grammar with ...] | |||
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgian_language Georgian language - Wikipedia] | |||
{{Georgian-Page-Bottom}} | {{Georgian-Page-Bottom}} |
Revision as of 14:26, 12 March 2023
Hi Georgian learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will learn how to use "have" in Georgian. "Have" is one of the most commonly used verbs in English, and so it is important to understand how to use it correctly in Georgian. We will go through the different ways that "have" can be used and give examples to help you understand how to use it in the proper context. Don't forget to practice as much as you can and seek out some native speakers on Polyglot Club for additional practice. Lastly, feel free to check out the find native speakers and ask them any questions if you have any doubts. 🎓
Present Tense
The most common way that "have" is used is in the present tense. We use it to talk about actions or events that are currently taking place or that have recently occurred. The verb "to have" in the present tense has only one form in Georgian, which is გაქვთ (gakvt).
Let's take a look at some examples:
Georgian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
მე გაქვს ბიჭი. | me gakvs bichi. | I have a son. |
შენ რამე კარგად გაქვს. | shen ramო kargad gakvs. | You have something good. |
ის დასაქმებული არ არის დღეს, როგორც ჩვენს მხარეს. | is dasakmebuli ar aris dgheო, rogorc' dubis msharơs. | He is not working today, like us. |
Have to
Another way to use "have" in Georgian is to express the idea of an obligation or necessity. In this case, we use the phrase უნდა გქონდეს (unda gkondes), which translates to "must have".
Let's see some examples:
Georgian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
მე უნდა გქონდეს სალარო მოვაქციო. | me unda gkondes salaro movak'tio. | I have to move to a flat. |
შენ უნდა გქონდეს მარტოხელში მხარჯულის სასიკვდილოდ. | shen unda gkondes mart'okhelsi mkharjulis sasikvdilod. | You have to spend the night in the Mariott hotel. |
ჩვენ უნდა გქონდეთ თავისი ექნება. | chven unda gkondet tavisi ekenba. | We have to have our own possessions. |
Have got
The phrase "have got" is a common way to use "have" in English and it can be used to mean "have" or "have to". In Georgian, we use the phrase გაქვთ (gakvt) to mean "have got".
Let's look at some examples:
Georgian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
მე გაქვთ მანქანა. | me gakvt mank'ana. | I have a car. |
შენ პრობლემაც გაქვთ, არ მაინც ამოგივარებენ. | shen problemats gakvt, ar mainc'a amogivareben. | You've got a problem, they still haven't fixed it. |
Dialogue
- Person 1: თუმცა რატომ არ წაქვით შენთვის უდიდესი ამოცანა გაქვთ? - Person 2: გაქვთ სხვადასხვა ასამაუწყებელი ამოცანები მსურველი, მე პირველ რიგში ვაფერვალებ. - Person 1: რომელი არის უდიდესი ამოცანა? - Person 2: დავინახე, პირველ რიგში სხვადასხვა დავალებები მსურს დავალებასთან ერთად. მაგრამ თუ უკეთესად ვერ გაკეთებთ, ვიცით, რომ გაქვთ რამე დროის შემდეგ ისევე. - Person 1: გემსახურებით, მეც ეს თავისუფალი დრო სურს, მეც ვფიქრობ, რომ სხვადასხვა ამოცანები იქნება საინტერესო.
Past tense
When talking about the past, you can use the past tense form of "have" which is გვაქვს (gvakvs). Let’s look at some examples:
Georgian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
ჩემს თავს ბრძანა გვაქვს ფარაში. | chems tavs brdzana gvakvs parashi. | We had to stay in the basement. |
რომელი რისხვა გექნება თავისუფლების მიცემის შემთხვევაში? მაინც გვაქვს ეს გამოცდა. | romeli rikham'sva gek'neba tavisuflebis mic'emis shemtxvevashi? maic'ne gvakvs es gamotsda. | Which punishment did you have in case of breach of freedom? We still have this problem. |
Future Tense
In Georgian, there is no specific future tense form of "have". We can use the present tense form or the future tense of another verb, such as "will".
For example:
Georgian | Pronunciation | English |
---|---|---|
მას გაქვს მოქმედება. | mas gakvs mok'medeba. | He has an operation. |
მე დავწერით როგორ გიდიან იქნებით. | me davc'erit rogorgidiani ik'nebit. | We will write how you will be guided. |
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Related Lessons
- Nouns
- How to Use Be
- Negation
- The postposition of the Nominative
- Cases of Verbal Persons in Transitive Verbs
- Conjugation verbs Present, Past and Future
- Inflection of demonstrative pronouns with nouns
- Infinitives
- Verbs Destination System
- Conjugation of the verb “to want” ნდომა in the Present Tense
Sources
- Georgian grammar - Wikipedia
- Georgian Grammar | Essentials of Georgian Grammar with ...
- Georgian language - Wikipedia