Language/Georgian/Grammar/Adjectives

Georgian Grammar - Adjectives

Hi Georgian learners! 😊
In today's lesson, we will be discussing adjectives in the Georgian language. Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns and pronouns. They can be used to express a variety of meanings, such as size, shape, color, age, origin, material, and purpose.

Formation of Adjectives

Adjectives in Georgian are formed by adding suffixes to nouns. The most common suffixes are -ური (-uri), -ობიექტური (-obieqturi), and -ადამიური (-adamieri).

-ური (-uri)

The -ური (-uri) suffix is used to form adjectives from nouns. For example, the noun სახლი (sakhli, meaning "house") becomes სახლური (sakhluri, meaning "house-like").

-ობიექტური (-obieqturi)

The -ობიექტური (-obieqturi) suffix is used to form adjectives from nouns that refer to people or objects. For example, the noun მამა (mama, meaning "mother") becomes მამობიექტური (mamobieqturi, meaning "motherly").

-ადამიური (-adamieri)

The -ადამიური (-adamieri) suffix is used to form adjectives from nouns that refer to people or animals. For example, the noun კაცი (katsi, meaning "man") becomes კაცადამიური (katsadamieri, meaning "manly").

Adjective Agreement

Adjectives in Georgian must agree with the nouns they modify in gender, number, and case.

Gender

Adjectives must agree with the nouns they modify in gender. For example, the adjective მეგობრული (megobruli, meaning "friendly") changes to მეგობრულა (megobrula) when modifying a feminine noun.

Number

Adjectives must agree with the nouns they modify in number. For example, the adjective მეგობრული (megobruli, meaning "friendly") changes to მეგობრულები (megobrulebi) when modifying a plural noun.

Case

Adjectives must agree with the nouns they modify in case. For example, the adjective მეგობრული (megobruli, meaning "friendly") changes to მეგობრულს (megobruls) when modifying a noun in the dative case.

Conclusion

In this lesson, we discussed the formation of adjectives in Georgian and how they must agree with the nouns they modify in gender, number, and case. We hope that you now have a better understanding of how adjectives work in Georgian.

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