Difference between revisions of "Language/Kabyle/Grammar/Kabyle-verb"
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[[File:Berber-languages-polyglot-club.jpg|thumb]] | [[File:Berber-languages-polyglot-club.jpg|thumb]] | ||
<div style="font-size:300%;">Taseftit/Conjugation/Conjugaison</div> | <div style="font-size:300%;">Taseftit/Conjugation/Conjugaison</div> | ||
<player>L 1.mp3</player> | |||
<div style="font-size:300%;">Amyag/Verb</div> | <div style="font-size:300%;">Amyag/Verb</div> | ||
<player>L 2.mp3</player> | |||
Amyag d awal ifettin ilmend n wudem (imqimen udmawanen). | Amyag d awal ifettin ilmend n wudem (imqimen udmawanen). | ||
<player>L 3.mp3</player> | |||
The verb is a word which can be conjugated according to the person (personal pronouns). | The verb is a word which can be conjugated according to the person (personal pronouns). | ||
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*Nekk zemreγ = I can | *Nekk zemreγ = I can | ||
<player>L 4.mp3</player> | |||
*Kečč tzemred = You can | *Kečč tzemred = You can | ||
<player>L 5.mp3</player> | |||
*Neţţa izmer = He | *Neţţa izmer = He can | ||
<player>L 6.mp3</player> | |||
Amyag amaziγ izmer ad yefti γer ukuz (4) wakuden. | Amyag amaziγ izmer ad yefti γer ukuz (4) wakuden. | ||
<player>L 7.mp3</player> | |||
Berber verb can be conjugated to four (4) tenses. | Berber verb can be conjugated to four (4) tenses. | ||
==1/ Akud amiran/Present tense== | ==1/ Akud amiran/Present tense== | ||
<player>L 8.mp3</player> | |||
Amedya/Example : | Amedya/Example : | ||
Amyag "ddu" γer wakud amiran : | |||
<player>L 9.mp3</player> | |||
The verb "to walk" in the present tense : | |||
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Nutni teddun = They walk (for men or males) | Nutni teddun = They walk (for men or males) | ||
Nutenti teddunt = They walk (for women or females) | Nutenti teddunt = They walk (for women or females) | ||
<player>L 10.mp3</player> | |||
== 2/ Akud izrin "Izri"/Past tense "Past" : == | == 2/ Akud izrin "Izri"/Past tense "Past" : == | ||
<player>L 11.mp3</player> | |||
Amedya/Example : Amyag "ddu" γer yizri/The verb "to walk" in the past : | Amedya/Example : | ||
Amyag "ddu" γer yizri : | |||
<player>L 12.mp3</player> | |||
The verb "to walk" in the past : | |||
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Nutni ddan = They walked (for men or males) | Nutni ddan = They walked (for men or males) | ||
Nutenti ddant = They walked (for women or females) | Nutenti ddant = They walked (for women or females) | ||
<player>L 13.mp3</player> | |||
== 3/ Akud imal "Imal"/The future tense "Future" : == | == 3/ Akud imal "Imal"/The future tense "Future" : == | ||
<player>L 14.mp3</player> | |||
Iwakken ad nsefti amyag amaziγ γer yimal, nrennu tazelγa "ad" γer deffir n wemyag-nni. | Iwakken ad nsefti amyag amaziγ γer yimal, nrennu tazelγa "ad" γer deffir n wemyag-nni. | ||
<player>L 15.mp3</player> | |||
In order to conjugate the berber verb in the future, we add the particle "ad"/"will" before this verb. | In order to conjugate the berber verb in the future, we add the particle "ad"/"will" before this verb. | ||
Amedya/Example : Amyag "ddu" γer yimal/The verb "to walk" in the future : | Amedya/Example : | ||
Amyag "ddu" γer yimal : | |||
<player>L 16.mp3</player> | |||
The verb "to walk" in the future : | |||
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Nutni ad ddun = They will walk (for men or males) | Nutni ad ddun = They will walk (for men or males) | ||
Nutenti ad ddunt = They will walk (for women or females) | Nutenti ad ddunt = They will walk (for women or females) | ||
<player>L 17.mp3</player> | |||
== 4/ Akud n wanaḍ "Anaḍ"/Imperative mood or form "Imperative" : == | == 4/ Akud n wanaḍ "Anaḍ"/Imperative mood or form "Imperative" : == | ||
<player>L 18.mp3</player> | |||
Anaḍ γur-es taskant n uladen d tsunda. | Anaḍ γur-es taskant n uladen d tsunda. | ||
<player>L 19.mp3</player> | |||
The imperative mood has a character of command and order. | The imperative mood has a character of command and order. | ||
Deg wanaḍ, nezmer ad nsefti amyag amaziγ γer wudmawen-agi kan : | Deg wanaḍ, nezmer ad nsefti amyag amaziγ γer wudmawen-agi kan : | ||
<player>L 20.mp3</player> | |||
In the imperative mood, we can only conjugate the berber verb with these personal pronouns : | In the imperative mood, we can only conjugate the berber verb with these personal pronouns : | ||
Kečč = You (for man or male) | Kečč = You (for man or male) | ||
<player>L 21.mp3</player> | |||
Kemm = You (for woman or female) | Kemm = You (for woman or female) | ||
<player>L 22.mp3</player> | |||
Kunwi = You (for men or males) | Kunwi = You (for men or males) | ||
<player>L 23.mp3</player> | |||
Kunemti = You (for women or females) | Kunemti = You (for women or females) | ||
<player>L 24.mp3</player> | |||
Amedya/Example : Amyag "ddu" γer wanaḍ/The verb "to walk" in the imperative mood : | Amedya/Example : | ||
Amyag "ddu" γer wanaḍ : | |||
<player>L 25.mp3</player> | |||
The verb "to walk" in the imperative mood : | |||
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Kunemti eddumt ! = (You) walk ! | Kunemti eddumt ! = (You) walk ! | ||
<player>L 26.mp3</player> | |||
Amedya/Example : | Amedya/Example : | ||
Eddu deg webrid-agi ! = Walk in this street ! | Eddu deg webrid-agi ! = Walk in this street ! | ||
<player>L 27.mp3</player> | |||
Eddu yid-i s axxam ! = walk with me at home ! | Eddu yid-i s axxam ! = walk with me at home ! | ||
<player>L 28.mp3</player> | |||
Amawal/Dictionary : | Amawal/Dictionary : | ||
<player>L 29.mp3</player> | |||
Abrid = Street | Abrid = Street | ||
<player>L 30.mp3</player> | |||
Akud = Tense | Akud = Tense | ||
<player>L 31.mp3</player> | |||
Akuden = Tenses | Akuden = Tenses | ||
<player>L 32.mp3</player> | |||
Aladen = Command | Aladen = Command | ||
<player>L 33.mp3</player> | |||
Amedya = Example | Amedya = Example | ||
<player>L 34.mp3</player> | |||
Amiran = Present | Amiran = Present | ||
<player>L 35.mp3</player> | |||
Amqim = Pronoun | Amqim = Pronoun | ||
<player>L 36.mp3</player> | |||
Amyag = Verb | Amyag = Verb | ||
<player>L 37.mp3</player> | |||
Anaḍ = Imperative | Anaḍ = Imperative | ||
<player>L 38.mp3</player> | |||
Awal = Word | Awal = Word | ||
<player>L 39.mp3</player> | |||
Imal = Future | Imal = Future | ||
<player>L 40.mp3</player> | |||
Izri = Past | Izri = Past | ||
<player>L 41.mp3</player> | |||
Taseftit = Conjugation | Taseftit = Conjugation | ||
<player>L 42.mp3</player> | |||
Taskant = Character | Taskant = Character | ||
<player>L 43.mp3</player> | |||
Tasunda = Order | Tasunda = Order | ||
<player>L 44.mp3</player> | |||
Tazelγa = Particle | Tazelγa = Particle | ||
<player>L 45.mp3</player> | |||
Udem = Person (udmawan = personal) | Udem = Person (udmawan = personal) | ||
<player>L 46.mp3</player> | |||
==AUTHOR== | ==AUTHOR== | ||
If you need some Berber lessons, please send me a message here: | If you need some Berber lessons, please send me a message here: | ||
[https://polyglotclub.com/member/Tansawt Tansawt] | [https://polyglotclub.com/member/Tansawt Tansawt] | ||
Revision as of 17:47, 3 May 2020
Amyag d awal ifettin ilmend n wudem (imqimen udmawanen).
The verb is a word which can be conjugated according to the person (personal pronouns).
Amedya/Example :
- Nekk zemreγ = I can
- Kečč tzemred = You can
- Neţţa izmer = He can
Amyag amaziγ izmer ad yefti γer ukuz (4) wakuden.
Berber verb can be conjugated to four (4) tenses.
1/ Akud amiran/Present tense
Amedya/Example :
Amyag "ddu" γer wakud amiran :
The verb "to walk" in the present tense :
Nekk tedduγ = I walk
Kečč tedduḍ = You walk (for man or male)
Kemm tedduḍ = You walk (for woman or female)
Neţţa iteddu = He walks
Neţţat teddu = She walks
Nekkni nteddu = We walk (for men or males)
Nekkunti nteddu = We walk (for women or females)
Kunwi teddum = You walk (for men or males)
Kunemti teddumt = You walk (for women or females)
Nutni teddun = They walk (for men or males)
Nutenti teddunt = They walk (for women or females)
2/ Akud izrin "Izri"/Past tense "Past" :
Amedya/Example : Amyag "ddu" γer yizri :
The verb "to walk" in the past :
Nekk ddiγ = I walked
Kečč teddiḍ = You walked (for man or male)
Kemm teddiḍ = You walked (for woman or female)
Neţţa yedda = He walked
Neţţat tedda = She walked
Nekkni nedda = We walked (for men or males)
Nekkunti nedda = We walked (for women or females)
Kunwi teddam = You walked (for men or males)
Kunemti teddamt = You walked (for women or females)
Nutni ddan = They walked (for men or males)
Nutenti ddant = They walked (for women or females)
3/ Akud imal "Imal"/The future tense "Future" :
Iwakken ad nsefti amyag amaziγ γer yimal, nrennu tazelγa "ad" γer deffir n wemyag-nni.
In order to conjugate the berber verb in the future, we add the particle "ad"/"will" before this verb.
Amedya/Example : Amyag "ddu" γer yimal :
The verb "to walk" in the future :
Nekk ad dduγ = I will walk
Kečč ad tedduḍ = You will walk (for man or male)
Kemm ad tedduḍ = You will walk (for woman or female)
Neţţa ad iddu = He will walk
Neţţat ad teddu = She will walk
Nekkni ad neddu = We will walk (for men or males)
Nekkunti ad neddu = We will walk (for women or females)
Kunwi ad teddum = You will walk (for men or males)
Kunemti ad teddumt = You will walk (for women or females)
Nutni ad ddun = They will walk (for men or males)
Nutenti ad ddunt = They will walk (for women or females)
4/ Akud n wanaḍ "Anaḍ"/Imperative mood or form "Imperative" :
Anaḍ γur-es taskant n uladen d tsunda.
The imperative mood has a character of command and order.
Deg wanaḍ, nezmer ad nsefti amyag amaziγ γer wudmawen-agi kan :
In the imperative mood, we can only conjugate the berber verb with these personal pronouns :
Kečč = You (for man or male)
Kemm = You (for woman or female)
Kunwi = You (for men or males)
Kunemti = You (for women or females)
Amedya/Example : Amyag "ddu" γer wanaḍ :
The verb "to walk" in the imperative mood :
Kečč eddu ! = (you) walk !
Kemm eddu ! = (You) walk !
Kunwi eddum ! = (You) walk !
Kunemti eddumt ! = (You) walk !
Amedya/Example :
Eddu deg webrid-agi ! = Walk in this street !
Eddu yid-i s axxam ! = walk with me at home !
Amawal/Dictionary :
Abrid = Street
Akud = Tense
Akuden = Tenses
Aladen = Command
Amedya = Example
Amiran = Present
Amqim = Pronoun
Amyag = Verb
Anaḍ = Imperative
Awal = Word
Imal = Future
Izri = Past
Taseftit = Conjugation
Taskant = Character
Tasunda = Order
Tazelγa = Particle
Udem = Person (udmawan = personal)
AUTHOR
If you need some Berber lessons, please send me a message here: Tansawt