Language/Kabyle/Grammar/Kabyle-verb

Taseftit/Conjugation/Conjugaison

Amyag/Verb

Amyag d awal ifettin ilmend n wudem (imqimen udmawanen).

The verb is a word which can be conjugated according to the person (personal pronouns). 

Amedya/Example : 

• Nekk zemreγ = I can

• Kečč tzemred = You can

• Neţţa izmer = He can 

Amyag amaziγ izmer ad yefti γer ukuz (4) wakuden.

Berber verb can be conjugated to four (4) tenses. 

1/ Akud amiran/Present tense

Amedya/Example :  Amyag "ddu" γer wakud amiran/The verb "to walk" in the present tense : 

Nekk tedduγ = I walk

Kečč tedduḍ = You walk (for man or male)

Kemm tedduḍ = You walk (for woman or female)

Neţţa iteddu = He walks

Neţţat teddu  = She walks

Nekkni nteddu = We walk (for men or males)

Nekkunti nteddu = We walk (for women or females)

Kunwi teddum = You walk (for men or males)

Kunemti teddumt = You walk (for women or females)

Nutni teddun = They walk (for men or males)

Nutenti teddunt = They walk (for women or females) 

 2/ Akud izrin "Izri"/Past tense "Past" : 

Amedya/Example :  Amyag "ddu" γer yizri/The verb "to walk" in the past : 

Nekk ddiγ = I walked

Kečč teddiḍ = You walked (for man or male)

Kemm teddiḍ = You walked  (for woman or female)

Neţţa yedda = He walked

Neţţat tedda = She walked

Nekkni nedda = We walked  (for men or males)

Nekkunti nedda = We walked  (for women or females)

Kunwi teddam = You walked  (for men or males)

Kunemti teddamt = You walked  (for women or females)

Nutni ddan = They walked   (for men or males)

Nutenti ddant = They walked  (for women or females) 

3/ Akud imal "Imal"/The future tense "Future" :

Iwakken ad nsefti amyag amaziγ γer yimal, nrennu tazelγa "ad" γer deffir n wemyag-nni.

In order to conjugate the berber verb in the future, we add the particle "ad"/"will" before this verb. 

Amedya/Example :  Amyag "ddu" γer yimal/The verb "to walk" in the future : 

Nekk ad dduγ = I will walk

Kečč ad tedduḍ = You will walk (for man or male)

Kemm ad tedduḍ = You will walk (for woman or female)

Neţţa ad iddu = He will walk

Neţţat ad teddu = She will walk

Nekkni ad neddu = We will walk (for men or males)

Nekkunti ad neddu = We will walk  (for women or females)

Kunwi ad teddum = You will walk (for men or males)

Kunemti ad teddumt = You will walk  (for women or females)

Nutni ad ddun = They will walk (for men or males)

Nutenti ad ddunt = They will walk  (for women or females) 

4/ Akud n wanaḍ "Anaḍ"/Imperative mood or form "Imperative" : 

Anaḍ γur-es taskant n uladen d tsunda.

The imperative mood has a character of command and order. 

Deg wanaḍ, nezmer ad nsefti amyag amaziγ γer wudmawen-agi kan : 

In the imperative mood, we can only conjugate the berber verb with these personal pronouns :  

Kečč = You (for man or male)

Kemm = You (for woman or female)

Kunwi = You (for men or males)

Kunemti = You (for women or females) 

Amedya/Example :  Amyag "ddu" γer wanaḍ/The verb "to walk" in the imperative mood : 

Kečč eddu ! = (you) walk !

Kemm eddu ! = (You) walk !

Kunwi eddum ! = (You) walk !

Kunemti eddumt ! = (You) walk ! 

Amedya/Example : 

Eddu deg webrid-agi ! = Walk in this street !  

Eddu yid-i s axxam ! = walk with me at home !

Amawal/Dictionary :

Abrid = Street

Akud = Tense

Akuden = Tenses

Aladen = Command

Amedya = Example

Amiran = Present

Amqim = Pronoun

Amyag = Verb

Anaḍ = Imperative

Awal = Word

Imal = Future

Izri = Past

Taseftit = Conjugation

Taskant = Character

Tasunda = Order

Tazelγa = Particle

Udem = Person (udmawan = personal)