Language/Kabyle/Pronunciation/Exam-1-Kabyle-alphabet

Tanga/Subject : ILUGAN N TIRA/ORTHOGRAPHY (Spelling)

Azwel/Title : AKAYAD AMEZWARU N UGEMMAY N TEQBAYLIT

Dagi γur-wen akayad amezwaru γef ugemmay n teqbaylit :

Here you have the first exam about kabyle alphabet :

I/ ALAΓMU AMEZWARU/FIRST EXERCISE

1/ Efk-d semmus (5) n wawalen i beddun s aγra (tiγri “a”).

GIve five (5) words that begin with the vowel "a".

2/ Efk-d semmus (5) n wawalen i beddun s iγri (tiγri “i”).

GIve five (5) words that begin with the vowel "i".

3/ Efk-d semmus (5) n wawalen i beddun s uγru (tiγri “u”).

GIve five (5) words that begin with the vowel "u".

4/ Efk-d kraḍ (3) n wawalen i beddun s yilem (tiγri tilemt “e”).

Give three (3) words that begin with the vowel "e".

5/ Anda i nezmer kan ad naru tiγri tilemt “e” di tazwara n wawalen ?

Where can we write the vowel "e" exclusively in the beginning of words?

6/ Nezmer ad naru tiγri tilemt “e” di tagara n wawalen ?

Can we write the vowel "e" at the end of words?

7/ Aru akken ilaq tawninest-agi :

Write corretly this following sentence :

“Amcice yeswa ayefki i yufa deg wexxame-nneγ.”

"The cat drank the milk that he found in our house".

Amawal/Vocabulary

Akayad = Exam

Alaγmu = Exercise

Amezwaru = first

Awal = word/mot (Awalen = words/mots)

Semmus = Five

kraḍ = Three

Tazwara = Beginning,

Tagara = End

Tawinest = Phrase (sentence).

II/ ALAΓMU WIS SIN/SECOND EXERCISE

1/ Efk-d sin (2) n wawalen i γur-sen targalt n timugna “ č ”.

Give two (2) words that have a normal consonant “č ”.

2/ Efk-d sin (2) n wawalen i γur-sen targalt n timugna “ ğ ”.

Give two (2) words that have a consonnant “ ğ ”.

3/ Efk-d sin (2) n wawalen i γur-sen targalt n timugna “ ţ ”.

Give two (2) words that have a consonnant “ ţ ”.

4/ Efk-d sin (2) n wawalen i γur-sen targalt n timugna “ x ”.

Give two (2) words that have a consonnant “ x ”.

Amawal/Vocabulary

Sin = Two (wis sin = second)

Targalt = Consonant

Amagnu (Timugna) = normal/normal(e)

III/ ALAΓMU WIS KRAD/THIRD EXERCISE

1/ Efk-d sin (2) n wawalen i γur-sen imesli aggaγ “ b ”.

Give two (2) words that have an occlusive sound “ b ”.

Efk-iyi-d sin (2) n wawalen i γur-sen imesli azenzaγ “ b ”.

Give two (2) words that have a spirant sound “ b ”.

2/ Efk-d sin (2) n wawalen i γur-sen imesli aggaγ “ d ”.

Give two (2) words that have an occlusive sound “ d ”.

Efk-d sin (2) n wawalen i γur-sen imesli azenzaγ “ d ”.

Give two (2) words that have a spirant sound “ d ”.

3/ Efk-d sin (2) n wawalen i γur-sen imesli aggaγ “ g ”.

Give two (2) words that have an occlusive sound “ g ”.

Efk-d sin (2) n wawalen i γur-sen imesli azenzaγ “ g ”.

Give two (2) words that have a spirant sound “ g ”.

4/ Efk-iyi-d sin (2) n wawalen i γur-sen imesli aggaγ “ k ”.

Give two (2) words that have an occlusive sound “ k ”.

Efk-d sin (2) n wawalen i γur-sen imesli azenzaγ “ k ”.

Give two (2) words that have a spirant sound “ k ”.

5/ Efk-d sin (2) n wawalen i γur-sen imesli aggaγ “ t ”.

Give two (2) words that have an occlusive sound “ t ”.

Efk-iyi-d sin (2) n wawalen i γur-sen imesli azenzaγ “ t ”.

Give two (2) words that have a spirant sound “ t ”.

Amawal/Vocabulary

Kraḍ = Three (wis kraḍ = third)

Imesli = sound/son (imesla = sounds/sons)

Imesli aggaγ = Occlusive sound

Imesli azenzaγ = Spirant sound

IV/ ALAΓMU WIS UKUZ/FOURTH EXERCISE

1/ Efk-d kraḍ (3) n wawalen i γur-sen imesli ufay “ḍ”.

Give three (3) words that have an emphatic sound "d".

2/ Efk-d kraḍ (3) n wawalen i γur-sen imesli ufay “ṛ”.

Give three (3) words that have an emphatic sound "r".

3/ Efk-d kraḍ (3) n wawalen i γur-sen imesli ufay “ṣ ".

Give three (3) words that have an emphatic sound "s".

4/ Efk-d kraḍ (3) n wawalen i γur-sen imesli ufay “ṭ”.

Give three (3) words that have an emphatic sound "t".

5/ Efk-d kraḍ (3) n wawalen i γur-sen imesli ufay “ẓ”.

Give three (3) words that have an emphatic sound "z".

6/ Efk-d sin (2) n wawalen i γur-sen asekkil “ḥ”.

Give two (2) words that have a letter " h ".

7/ Efk-d sin (2) n wawalen i γur-sen asekkil “ε”.

Give two (2) words that have a letter " ε ".

Amawal/Vocabulary

Asekkil = Letter

Ukuẓ = Four (wis ukuẓ = fourth)

Imesli uffay = Emphatic sound

V/ ALAΓMU WIS SEMMUS/FIFTH EXERCISE

1/ Efk-d semmus (5) n wawalen i γur-sen imesla ussiden “xx”, “mm”, “nn”, “cc”, d “zz”. (i yal imesli ussid efk-d yiwen umedya)

Give five (5) words that have an intensive sounds "xx", "mm", "nn", "cc" and "zz". (give one example for each intensive sound)

2/ Mi ara yili usekkil deg wawal gar yilem “e” d yilem “e” neγ gar yilem “e” d tiγri (a, i, u), amek i yeţwaru ?

When a letter in the word is between the vowel "e" and the vowel "e" or between a vowel "e" and the vowels (a, i, u), how is it written?

Amawal/Vocabulary

Amedya = Example

Imesli ussid = Intensive sound

Tiγri = Vowel

Semmus = Five (wis semmus = fifth)

VI/ ALAΓMU WIS SEDDIS/SIXTH EXERCISE

1/ Efk-d anamek n wawalen-agi s Tegnizit (in English) :

Give meanings of following words in english :

Aγerbaz ?, Asigna ?, Ahil ?, Tayri ?, Asif ?, Adrim ?, Ibki ?, Tasumta ?, Iẓri ?, Ifer ?, Izzi ?, Iffer ?, Tameddurt ?, Agellid  ?, Ageffur ?, Tala ?

Amawal/Vocabulary

Seddis = Six (wis seddis = sixth)

Alugen = rule/règlẹ (ilugan/rules/règles)

Tira = writing/écriture