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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Yue-chinese|Yue Chinese]]  → [[Language/Yue-chinese/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Yue-chinese/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Basic Sentence Structure → Questions and Negations</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Yue-chinese|Yue Chinese]]  → [[Language/Yue-chinese/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Yue-chinese/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Basic Sentence Structure → Questions and Negations</div>
{{#seo:
|title=Yue Chinese Grammar → Basic Sentence Structure → Questions and Negations
|keywords=Yue Chinese, grammar, basic sentence structure, questions, negations, yes-no questions, wh-questions
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form questions and negations in Yue Chinese, including yes-no questions and wh-questions.
}}


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As a Yue Chinese language teacher with over 20 years of experience, I believe that learning how to form questions and negations is an essential part of mastering the language. In this lesson, we will focus on the basic sentence structure of questions and negations in Yue Chinese.
== Introduction ==
 
Welcome to the lesson on forming questions and negations in Yue Chinese! This topic is an essential part of understanding basic sentence structure and will provide you with the necessary tools to ask questions and express negations in conversations. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to confidently create yes-no questions and wh-questions. Let's dive in!


== Yes-No Questions ==


<span link>With the completion of this lesson, consider investigating these related pages: [[Language/Yue-chinese/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]] & [[Language/Yue-chinese/Grammar/Present-Tense|Present Tense]].</span>
In Yue Chinese, yes-no questions are formed by placing a question particle at the end of a sentence. This question particle changes the sentence from a statement to a question. The most common question particle used in Yue Chinese is "嗎" (ma). Let's look at some examples:
== Understanding Basic Sentence Structure ==


Before we dive into the specifics of questions and negations, it's important to review the basic sentence structure in Yue Chinese. As you may know, Yue Chinese follows the Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) sentence structure, where the subject comes first, followed by the verb, and then the object. For example:
=== Example 1 ===


* 我 (wǒ) - subject
{| class="wikitable"
* 吃 (chī) - verb
! Yue Chinese !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
* 飯 (fàn) - object
|-
| 你好。 || nei5 hou2 || Hello.
|-
| 你好嗎？ || nei5 hou2 maa1? || How are you?
|}


The above translates to "I eat rice."  
In the example above, the sentence "你好" (nei5 hou2) means "hello" or "good day." By adding the question particle "嗎" (maa1) at the end of the sentence, it becomes a question asking "How are you?"


It's also important to note that in Yue Chinese, adjectives come before the nouns they describe, and adverbs come after the verbs they modify. This will come in handy when forming questions and negations later on in this lesson.
=== Example 2 ===


== Forming Yes-No Questions ==
{| class="wikitable"
! Yue Chinese !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| 你喜歡這本書。 || nei5 hei2 fun1 ze5 bun2 syu1 || You like this book.
|-
| 你喜歡這本書嗎？ || nei5 hei2 fun1 ze5 bun2 syu1 maa1? || Do you like this book?
|}


Yes-no questions are questions that can be answered with a simple "yes" or "no." In Yue Chinese, yes-no questions are formed by adding the particle 唔 (m4) at the end of a statement. This particle is similar to the English "not" in that it turns the statement into a question.
In this example, the original sentence "你喜歡這本書" (nei5 hei2 fun1 ze5 bun2 syu1) means "You like this book." By adding the question particle "嗎" (maa1) at the end of the sentence, it becomes a question asking "Do you like this book?"


For example:
=== Example 3 ===


* 你識唔識講廣東話？ (néih sīk m4 sīk góng gwóngdūngwá?) - Do you speak Cantonese?
{| class="wikitable"
* 佢鍾唔鍾意食嘢啊？ (keúih jūng m4 jūngyíh sihk ye5 aa3?) - Does he like to eat?  
! Yue Chinese !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| 他去了。 || taa1 heoi3 liu5 || He went.
|-
| 他去了嗎？ || taa1 heoi3 liu5 maa1? || Did he go?
|}


Notice that in the above examples, the verb is still in the second position in the sentence, after the subject, as is typical in Yue Chinese sentence structure.
In this example, the original sentence "他去了" (taa1 heoi3 liu5) means "He went." By adding the question particle "嗎" (maa1) at the end of the sentence, it becomes a question asking "Did he go?"


== Forming Wh-Questions ==
Keep in mind that the question particle "嗎" (maa1) is a versatile particle that can be used in various sentence structures to form questions.


Wh-questions, on the other hand, require a more complex sentence structure. The basic formula for forming a wh-question in Yue Chinese is:
== Wh-Questions ==


Wh-word + Subject + Verb + Object
Wh-questions in Yue Chinese are used to ask for specific information. These questions typically begin with a question word such as "誰" (seoi4) for "who," "什麼" (se2 maa1) for "what," "哪裡" (naa5 lei5) for "where," and so on. Let's explore some examples:


The wh-word is placed at the beginning of the sentence, followed by the subject and the rest of the sentence structure, as shown in the examples below:
=== Example 1 ===


* 點解你唔識講廣東話？(dím2 gaai2 neih5 m4 sik1 gong2 gwong2 dung1 waa2?) - Why don't you speak Cantonese?  
{| class="wikitable"
* 價錢幾多咖啡？(gāa2 cyn3 gei2 do1 kaa1 fe1?) - How much is the coffee?
! Yue Chinese !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| 你叫什麼名字？ || nei5 giu3 se2 maa1 meng2 zi6? || What is your name?
|-
| 我叫李小龍。 || ngo5 giu3 lei5 siu2 lung4 || My name is Bruce Lee.
|}


You may have noticed that in the above examples, the wh-word (點解 and 價錢) is followed by the subject (你 and 咖啡). The verb (識講 and 幾多) and the object (廣東话 and 咖啡) come after the subject, following the typical SVO sentence structure.  
In this example, the wh-question "你叫什麼名字" (nei5 giu3 se2 maa1 meng2 zi6) means "What is your name?" The question word "什麼" (se2 maa1) is used to ask for the specific information of someone's name.


== Forming Negations ==  
=== Example 2 ===


To form negations in Yue Chinese, the particle 唔 (m4) is used in a similar way as in yes-no questions. This particle is placed before the verb to negate the statement. For example:
{| class="wikitable"
! Yue Chinese !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| 你住哪裡？ || nei5 zyu6 naa5 lei5? || Where do you live?
|-
| 我住在香港。 || ngo5 zyu6 zoi6 hoeng1 gong2 || I live in Hong Kong.
|}


* 佢唔識講英文。 (keúih m4 sīk góng yīngmán.) - He doesn't speak English.
In this example, the wh-question "你住哪裡" (nei5 zyu6 naa5 lei5) means "Where do you live?" The question word "哪裡" (naa5 lei5) is used to ask for the specific information of someone's place of residence.
* 我唔想食飯。(wóh m4 séung heui sihk faahn.) - I don't want to eat rice.  


Notice that the particle 唔 is placed before the verb in both examples above, and the sentence structure follows the normal SVO word order.
=== Example 3 ===


== Tips for Asking Questions and Making Negations ==
{| class="wikitable"
! Yue Chinese !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| 你想吃什麼？ || nei5 soeng2 heoi3 se2 maa1? || What do you want to eat?
|-
| 我想吃雲吞麵。 || ngo5 soeng2 heoi3 wan4 tan1 min6 || I want to eat wonton noodles.
|}


When forming questions or negations, keep in mind the following tips to help you construct accurate and fluent sentences:
In this example, the wh-question "你想吃什麼" (nei5 soeng2 heoi3 se2 maa1) means "What do you want to eat?" The question word "什麼" (se2 maa1) is used to ask for the specific information of someone's food preference.


* Use the appropriate wh-word for the type of information you are seeking (e.g. who, what, where, why, when, and how).
== Cultural Insight ==
* Always remember to include the subject, verb, and object in the question or negation, while following the SVO sentence structure.
* Pay attention to the placement of adjectives and adverbs within the sentence. For example, if you are negating a sentence that contains an adjective, place the negative particle before the adjective instead of the verb.


== Practice Exercise ==
Yue Chinese, also known as Cantonese, is primarily spoken in the Guangdong province of China and in Hong Kong. It is one of the major Chinese dialects and has a rich cultural heritage. In Yue Chinese-speaking regions, asking questions and expressing negations is an integral part of daily communication.


Now that you've learned the basics of forming questions and negations in Yue Chinese, it's time to practice! Below are a few sentences for you to try and form into questions or negations. The answers are provided below.  
It's important to note that while the basic sentence structure and question formation may be similar across different Chinese dialects, there are regional variations in vocabulary and pronunciation. For example, in some parts of Guangdong, the question particle "嗎" (maa1) may be pronounced as "嘛" (maa5). These regional differences add depth and diversity to the Yue Chinese language.


1. 佢鍾意講普通話。(keúih4 jūngyíh góng póutùnghwá)
Yue Chinese is also influenced by the Cantonese culture, which is known for its vibrant food scene, traditional festivals, and unique customs. For example, during the Lunar New Year, it is customary to greet others with "恭喜發財" (gung1 hei2 faat3 coi4), which means "May you have a prosperous new year." Learning the language provides insights into the rich cultural traditions of the Yue Chinese-speaking communities.
Answer: 佢唔鍾意講普通話。(keúih4 m4 jūngyíh góng póutùnghwá)


2. 你肚餓唔肚餓？(neih5 tou5 ngo6 m4 tou5 ngo6?)
== Exercise ==
Answer: 我肚餓。(óh dou3 ngo6)


3. 垃圾桶喺邊到？ (laap6 sāi1 tùng1 hói2 bin1 dóu6?)
Now, let's practice what we've learned! Translate the following sentences into Yue Chinese:
Answer: 垃圾桶喺度。 (laap6 sāi1 tùng1 hói2 dóu6.)


4. 你岩岩去邊到？(neih5 ngaan2 ngaan2 heoi3 bin1 dóu6?)
1. What time is it?
Answer: 我冇岩岩出去啊。(oh6 mou5 ngaan2 ngaan2 ceot1 heoi3 aa3.)
2. Are you going to the market?
3. Who is your best friend?
4. Where did you go yesterday?
5. Do you like to eat spicy food?


== Conclusion ==  
=== Solution ===


In this lesson, we've covered the basics of forming questions and negations in Yue Chinese. Remember to use the appropriate wh-words, follow the SVO sentence structure, and place the particle 唔 before the verb for negations. With practice, you'll be able to construct accurate and fluent sentences in no time!
1. 你幾點？ (nei5 gei2 dim2)
2. 你去市場嗎？ (nei5 heoi3 si5 coeng4 maa1)
3. 你個好朋友係邊個？ (nei5 go3 hou2 pang4 jau5 hai6 bin1 go3)
4. 你昨日去咗邊度？ (nei5 zok3 jat6 heoi3 zo2 bin1 dou6)
5. 你鍾唔鍾意食辣嘢？ (nei5 zung1 m4 zung1 ji3 sik6 laat6 je5)


== Conclusion ==


<span link>Excellent job on conquering this lesson! Consider delving into these related pages: [[Language/Yue-chinese/Grammar/Hello-and-Goodbye|Hello and Goodbye]] & [[Language/Yue-chinese/Grammar/Expressing-the-Best-and-the-Worst|Expressing the Best and the Worst]].</span>
Congratulations! You have successfully learned how to form questions and negations in Yue Chinese. You now have the tools to ask yes-no questions and wh-questions, allowing you to engage in conversations and gather specific information. Keep practicing and exploring the fascinating world of Yue Chinese grammar. Happy learning!
{{#seo:
|title=Yue Chinese Grammar: Basic Sentence Structure: Questions and Negations
|keywords=Yue Chinese, sentence structure, questions, negations, wh-questions
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form questions and negations in Yue Chinese, including yes-no questions and wh-questions. Follow our tips and practice exercises to improve your fluency!
}}


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==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/Yue-chinese/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
* [[Language/Yue-chinese/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
* [[Language/Yue-chinese/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Yue-chinese/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]


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Revision as of 07:02, 18 June 2023

◀️ Subject-Verb-Object — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Numbers 1-100 ▶️

3BA6641D-6B53-4D40-A445-E14E1BE72CCF.png
Yue Chinese → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Basic Sentence Structure → Questions and Negations

Introduction

Welcome to the lesson on forming questions and negations in Yue Chinese! This topic is an essential part of understanding basic sentence structure and will provide you with the necessary tools to ask questions and express negations in conversations. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to confidently create yes-no questions and wh-questions. Let's dive in!

Yes-No Questions

In Yue Chinese, yes-no questions are formed by placing a question particle at the end of a sentence. This question particle changes the sentence from a statement to a question. The most common question particle used in Yue Chinese is "嗎" (ma). Let's look at some examples:

Example 1

Yue Chinese Pronunciation English Translation
你好。 nei5 hou2 Hello.
你好嗎？ nei5 hou2 maa1? How are you?

In the example above, the sentence "你好" (nei5 hou2) means "hello" or "good day." By adding the question particle "嗎" (maa1) at the end of the sentence, it becomes a question asking "How are you?"

Example 2

Yue Chinese Pronunciation English Translation
你喜歡這本書。 nei5 hei2 fun1 ze5 bun2 syu1 You like this book.
你喜歡這本書嗎？ nei5 hei2 fun1 ze5 bun2 syu1 maa1? Do you like this book?

In this example, the original sentence "你喜歡這本書" (nei5 hei2 fun1 ze5 bun2 syu1) means "You like this book." By adding the question particle "嗎" (maa1) at the end of the sentence, it becomes a question asking "Do you like this book?"

Example 3

Yue Chinese Pronunciation English Translation
他去了。 taa1 heoi3 liu5 He went.
他去了嗎？ taa1 heoi3 liu5 maa1? Did he go?

In this example, the original sentence "他去了" (taa1 heoi3 liu5) means "He went." By adding the question particle "嗎" (maa1) at the end of the sentence, it becomes a question asking "Did he go?"

Keep in mind that the question particle "嗎" (maa1) is a versatile particle that can be used in various sentence structures to form questions.

Wh-Questions

Wh-questions in Yue Chinese are used to ask for specific information. These questions typically begin with a question word such as "誰" (seoi4) for "who," "什麼" (se2 maa1) for "what," "哪裡" (naa5 lei5) for "where," and so on. Let's explore some examples:

Example 1

Yue Chinese Pronunciation English Translation
你叫什麼名字？ nei5 giu3 se2 maa1 meng2 zi6? What is your name?
我叫李小龍。 ngo5 giu3 lei5 siu2 lung4 My name is Bruce Lee.

In this example, the wh-question "你叫什麼名字" (nei5 giu3 se2 maa1 meng2 zi6) means "What is your name?" The question word "什麼" (se2 maa1) is used to ask for the specific information of someone's name.

Example 2

Yue Chinese Pronunciation English Translation
你住哪裡？ nei5 zyu6 naa5 lei5? Where do you live?
我住在香港。 ngo5 zyu6 zoi6 hoeng1 gong2 I live in Hong Kong.

In this example, the wh-question "你住哪裡" (nei5 zyu6 naa5 lei5) means "Where do you live?" The question word "哪裡" (naa5 lei5) is used to ask for the specific information of someone's place of residence.

Example 3

Yue Chinese Pronunciation English Translation
你想吃什麼？ nei5 soeng2 heoi3 se2 maa1? What do you want to eat?
我想吃雲吞麵。 ngo5 soeng2 heoi3 wan4 tan1 min6 I want to eat wonton noodles.

In this example, the wh-question "你想吃什麼" (nei5 soeng2 heoi3 se2 maa1) means "What do you want to eat?" The question word "什麼" (se2 maa1) is used to ask for the specific information of someone's food preference.

Cultural Insight

Yue Chinese, also known as Cantonese, is primarily spoken in the Guangdong province of China and in Hong Kong. It is one of the major Chinese dialects and has a rich cultural heritage. In Yue Chinese-speaking regions, asking questions and expressing negations is an integral part of daily communication.

It's important to note that while the basic sentence structure and question formation may be similar across different Chinese dialects, there are regional variations in vocabulary and pronunciation. For example, in some parts of Guangdong, the question particle "嗎" (maa1) may be pronounced as "嘛" (maa5). These regional differences add depth and diversity to the Yue Chinese language.

Yue Chinese is also influenced by the Cantonese culture, which is known for its vibrant food scene, traditional festivals, and unique customs. For example, during the Lunar New Year, it is customary to greet others with "恭喜發財" (gung1 hei2 faat3 coi4), which means "May you have a prosperous new year." Learning the language provides insights into the rich cultural traditions of the Yue Chinese-speaking communities.

Exercise

Now, let's practice what we've learned! Translate the following sentences into Yue Chinese:

1. What time is it? 2. Are you going to the market? 3. Who is your best friend? 4. Where did you go yesterday? 5. Do you like to eat spicy food?

Solution

1. 你幾點？ (nei5 gei2 dim2) 2. 你去市場嗎？ (nei5 heoi3 si5 coeng4 maa1) 3. 你個好朋友係邊個？ (nei5 go3 hou2 pang4 jau5 hai6 bin1 go3) 4. 你昨日去咗邊度？ (nei5 zok3 jat6 heoi3 zo2 bin1 dou6) 5. 你鍾唔鍾意食辣嘢？ (nei5 zung1 m4 zung1 ji3 sik6 laat6 je5)

Conclusion

Congratulations! You have successfully learned how to form questions and negations in Yue Chinese. You now have the tools to ask yes-no questions and wh-questions, allowing you to engage in conversations and gather specific information. Keep practicing and exploring the fascinating world of Yue Chinese grammar. Happy learning!

Table of Contents - Yue Chinese Course - 0 to A1


Greetings and Introductions


Basic Sentence Structure


Numbers and Time


Pronouns and Possessives


Family and Relationships


Adjectives and Adverbs


Food and Dining


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Travel and Transportation


Verb Tenses and Aspects


Yue Chinese Customs and Traditions


Shopping and Services


Comparatives and Superlatives


Yue Chinese Art and Literature



Other Lessons



◀️ Subject-Verb-Object — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Numbers 1-100 ▶️

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