Difference between revisions of "Language/Slovak/Pronunciation/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation"
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Hi Polyglots! 😃 | |||
Revision as of 10:30, 13 October 2021
Hi Polyglots! 😃
In today's lesson, you will learn how to write the different letters of the Slovak alphabet, how to pronounce these letters whether it is through the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), or through a video with the pronunciation of the letters by a native speaker.
You will also find at the end of this lesson a virtual keyboard to be able to type each special character of this language.
Slovak Alphabet and IPA Pronunciation
Monophthongs
| Letter | Sound | Example in Slovak word | Example | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| A a | /ʌ/ | abeceda (alphabet) | sun | |
| Á á | /ɑː/ | áno (yes) | far | |
| Ä ä | /ε/, /æ/ | päť (five) | cat | |
| B b | /b/ | brat (brother) | break | |
| C c | /ts/ | cibuľa (onion) | tsunami | |
| Č č | /tʃ/ | čučoriedka (blueberry) | match | |
| D d | /d/ | dom (house) | do | |
| Ď ď | /ɟ/ | ďakujem (thank you) | - | |
| Dz dz | /dz/ | medzi (between) | - | |
| Dž dž | /dʒ/ | džem (jam) | jam | |
| E e | /ε/ | egreš (gooseberry) | dress | |
| É é | /εː/ | anténa (antenna) | - | |
| F f | /f/ | farba (colour) | face | |
| G g | /g/ | gaštan (chestnut) | grow | |
| H h | /h/ | hokej (hockey) | high | |
| Ch ch | /x/ | chorý (ill) | - | |
| I i | /ɪ/ | ihla (needle, pin) | city | |
| Í í | /iː/ | zívnuť (yawn) | tree | |
| J j | /j/ | jablko (apple) | yes | |
| K k | /k/ | krava (cow) | call | |
| L l | /l/ | láska (love) | let | |
| Ľ ľ | /ʎ/ | ľalia (lilly) | similar to Spanish ll | |
| Ĺ ĺ | /lː/ | stĺp (column) | - | |
| M m | /m/ | muž (man) | man | |
| N n | /n/ | noha (leg) | name | |
| Ň ň | /ɲ/ | dlaň (palm) | similar to Spanish ñ | |
| O o | /ɒ/ | opica (monkey) | body | |
| Ó ó | /ɔː/ | telefón (telephone) | door | |
| P p | /p/ | pes (dog) | put | |
| Q q | /kv/ | aqua | sequence | |
| R r | /r/ | ružová (pink) | read | |
| Ŕ ŕ | /rː/ | vŕba (willow) | - | |
| S s | /s/ | sliepka (hen) | sad | |
| Š š | /ʃ/ | šunka (ham) | shoe | |
| T t | /t/ | tuniak (tuna) | take | |
| Ť ť | /c/ | ťava (camel) | - | |
| U u | /ʊ/ | ujo (uncle) | foot | |
| Ú ú | /uː/ | ústa (mouth) | choose | |
| V v | /v/ | vlajka (flag) | voice | |
| W w | /v/ | kiwi | voice | |
| X x | /ks/ | taxi | taxi | |
| Y y | /ɪ/ | syr (cheese) | city | |
| Ý ý | /iː/ | skrývať (hide) | tree | |
| Z z | /z/ | zebra | zero | |
| Ž ž | /ʒ/ | žaluď (acorn) | vision |
Diphthongs
| Letter | Sound | Example in Slovak word | Example | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IA ia | /ia/ | piatok (friday) | ||
| IE ie | /iε/ | nie (no) | ||
| IU iu | /iu/ | menšiu | ||
| Ô ô | /uo/ | kôň (horse) |
Diacritics
- acute - á, é, í, ĺ, ó, ŕ, ú, ý
- caron - č, ď, ľ, ň, š, ť, ž
- umlaut - ä
- circumflex - ô
Accent
Slovak words have accent mostly on the first syllable of the word (slovenský jazyk). Acute does not indicate accent. Acutes indicate long sound (twice as long as the short sound).
Soft pronunciation of de, te, ne, le, di, ti, ni, li
Consonants d, t, n, l in combination with vowels e, i should have a soft pronunciation (like ďe, ťe, ňe, ľe, ďi, ťi, ňi, ľi). Although most people often break the rule and do not pronounce le, li softly.
The rule of soft pronunciation does not apply to the words of foreign origin.
Video - Slovak Alphabet Pronunciation by a Native Speaker