Difference between revisions of "Language/Multiple-languages/Vocabulary/Thermodynamics"

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{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!eng-Latn-US: concept
! eng-Latn-US: concept !! eng-Latn-US: prerequisite
!eng-Latn-US: prerequisite
! cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 !! cmn-Hans-CN: 前提
!cmn-Hans-CN: 概念
! cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn !! cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí
!cmn-Hans-CN: 前提
! deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] !! deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]
!cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn
! fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] !! fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]
!cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí
! jpn-Hrkt-JP: がいねん !! jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜんたい
!deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m]
! jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 !! jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提
!deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]
! rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция !! rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
!fra-Latn-FR: concept [m]
!fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]
!jpn-Hrkt-JP: がいねん
!jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜんたい
!jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念
!jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提
!rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция
!rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
|-
|-
|theormodynamics
| theormodynamics ||  
|
| 热力学 ||  
|热力学
| rè lìxué ||  
|
| Thermodynamik [f] ||  
|rè lìxué
| thermodynamique [f] ||  
|
| ねつりきがく ||  
|Thermodynamik [f]
| 熱力学 ||  
|
| термодина́мика ||  
|thermodynamique [f]
|
|ねつりきがく
|
|熱力学
|
|термодина́мика
|
|-
|-
|classical thermodynamics
| classical thermodynamics ||  
|
| 经典热力学 ||  
|经典热力学
| jīngdiǎn rèlìxué ||  
|
| klassische Thermodynamik ||  
|jīngdiǎn rèlìxué
| thermodynamique [f] classique ||  
|
| こてんねつりきがく ||  
|klassische Thermodynamik
| 古典熱力学 ||  
|
| класси́ческая термодина́мика ||  
|thermodynamique [f] classique
|
|こてんねつりきがく
|
|古典熱力学
|
|класси́ческая термодина́мика
|
|-
|-
|statistical mechanics
| statistical mechanics ||  
|
| 统计力学 ||  
|统计力学
| tǒngjì lìxué ||  
|
| statistische Mechanik [f] ||  
|tǒngjì lìxué
| physique [f] statistique ||  
|
| とうけいりきがく ||  
|statistische Mechanik [f]
| 統計力学 ||  
|
| статисти́ческая меха́ника, статисти́ческая термодина́мика ||  
|physique [f] statistique
|
|とうけいりきがく
|
|統計力学
|
|статисти́ческая меха́ника, статисти́ческая термодина́мика
|
|-
|-
|chemical thermodynamics
| chemical thermodynamics ||  
|
| 化学热力学 ||  
|化学热力学
| huàxué rèlìxué ||  
|
| chemische Thermodynamik ||  
|huàxué rèlìxué
| thermodynamique [f] chimique ||  
|
| かがくねつりきがく ||  
|chemische Thermodynamik
| 化学熱力学 ||  
|
| хими́ческая термодина́мика ||  
|Thermodynamique [f] chimique
|
|かがくねつりきがく
|
|化学熱力学
|
|хими́ческая термодина́мика
|
|-
|-
|quantum thermodynamics
| quantum thermodynamics ||  
|
| 量子热力学 ||  
|量子热力学
| liàngzǐ rèlìxué ||  
|
| Quantenthermodynamik [f] ||  
|liàngzǐ rèlìxué
| thermodynamique [f] quantique ||  
|
| りょうしねつりきがく ||  
|Quantenthermodynamik [f]
| 量子熱力学 ||  
|
| ква́нтовой термодина́мики ||  
|Thermodynamique [f] quantique
|
|りょうしねつりきがく
|
|量子熱力学
|
|ква́нтовой термодина́мики
|
|-
|-
|non-equilibrium thermodynamics
| non-equilibrium thermodynamics ||  
|
| 非平衡态热力学 ||  
|非平衡态热力学
| fēi pínghéngtài rèlìxué ||  
|
| Nichtgleichgewichtsthermodynamik [f] ||  
|fēi pínghéngtài rèlìxué
| thermodynamique [f] hors équilibre ||  
|
| ひへいこうねつりきがく ||  
|Nichtgleichgewichtsthermodynamik [f]
| 非平衡熱力学 ||  
|
| неравнове́сная термодина́мика ||  
|thermodynamique [f] hors équilibre
|
|ひへいこうねつりきがく
|
|非平衡熱力学
|
|неравнове́сная термодина́мика
|
|}
|}


== Classical Thermodynamics ==
== Classical Thermodynamics ==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!eng-Latn-US: concept
! eng-Latn-US: concept !! eng-Latn-US: prerequisite
!eng-Latn-US: prerequisite
! cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 !! cmn-Hans-CN: 前提
!cmn-Hans-CN: 概念
! cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn !! cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí
!cmn-Hans-CN: 前提
! deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] !! deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]
!cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn
! fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] !! fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]
!cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí
! jpn-Hrkt-JP: がいねん !! jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜんたい
!deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m]
! jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 !! jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提
!deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]
! rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция !! rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
!fra-Latn-FR: concept [m]
!fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]
!jpn-Hrkt-JP: がいねん
!jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜんたい
!jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念
!jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提
!rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция
!rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
|-
|-
|absolute zero
| absolute zero || temperature <physics>, particle <physics>
|temperature <physics>, particle <physics>
|  ||  
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|  ||  
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|absorption refrigerator
| absorption refrigerator || refrigeration
|refrigeration
|  ||  
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|  ||  
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|  ||  
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| ||  
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| ||  
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|-
|-
|adiabatic process
| adiabatic process || thermodynamic process
|thermodynamic process
|  ||  
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|  ||  
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|  ||  
|
| ||  
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| ||  
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| ||  
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| ||  
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|-
|-
|Carnot heat engine
| Carnot heat engine || Carnot cycle, heat engine
|Carnot cycle, heat engine
|  ||  
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|  ||  
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|  ||  
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| ||  
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| ||  
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|-
|-
|Carnot cycle
| Carnot cycle || thermodynamic cycle
|thermodynamic cycle
|  ||  
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|  ||  
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|-
|-
|Carnot's theorem (thermodynamics), Carnot's rule
| Carnot's theorem (thermodynamics), Carnot's rule || heat engine
|heat engine
|  ||  
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|  ||  
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|  ||  
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|-
|-
|Clausius theorem
| Clausius theorem || thermal reservoir, thermodynamic cycle
|thermal reservoir, thermodynamic cycle
|  ||  
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|  ||  
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|  ||  
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|-
|-
|coefficient of performance
| coefficient of performance || heat pump cycle, thermodynamic work, energy <physics>
|heat pump cycle, thermodynamic work, energy <physics>
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
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| ||  
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| ||  
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|-
|-
|conjugate variables (thermodynamics)
| conjugate variables (thermodynamics) ||
|
|  ||  
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|  ||  
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|  ||  
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| ||  
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|-
|-
|enthalpy
| enthalpy || internal energy, pressure <physics>, volume (thermodynamics)
|internal energy, pressure <physics>, volume (thermodynamics)
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
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|  ||  
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| ||  
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|-
|-
|entropy
| entropy || work (thermodynamics), energy <physics>
|work (thermodynamics), energy <physics>
|  ||  
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|  ||  
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|  ||  
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| ||  
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|-
|-
|equation of state
| equation of state || thermodynamic equation
|thermodynamic equation
|  ||  
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|  ||  
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|  ||  
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| ||  
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|-
|-
|first law of thermodynamics
| first law of thermodynamics || law of conservation of energy <continuum mechanics>, thermodynamic process, isolated system <physics>, energy <physics>, thermodynamic work
|law of conservation of energy <continuum mechanics>, thermodynamic process, isolated system <physics>, energy <physics>, thermodynamic work
|  ||  
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|  ||  
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|  ||  
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|-
|-
|free expansion, Joule expansion
| free expansion, Joule expansion || irreversible process, volume (thermodynamics)
|irreversible process, volume (thermodynamics)
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
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|  ||  
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| ||  
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|-
|-
|fundamental thermodynamic relation
| fundamental thermodynamic relation || internal energy, thermodynamic temperature, entropy, pressure <physics>, volume (thermodynamics)
|internal energy, thermodynamic temperature, entropy, pressure <physics>, volume (thermodynamics)
|  ||  
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|  ||  
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|  ||  
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|-
|-
|heat pump
| heat pump || mechanical energy <physics>, mechanical work <physics>
|mechanical energy <physics>, mechanical work <physics>
|  ||  
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|  ||  
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|  ||  
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|-
|-
|heat
| heat || energy <physics>
|energy <physics>
|  ||  
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|  ||  
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|-
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|heat engine
| heat engine || mechanical energy <physics>, mechanical work <physics>
|mechanical energy <physics>, mechanical work <physics>
|  ||  
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|ideal gas
| ideal gas || point particle <physics>
|point particle <physics>
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|ideal gas law, general gas equation
| ideal gas law, general gas equation || equation of state, ideal gas
|equation of state, ideal gas
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|internal energy
| internal energy || thermodynamic system, energy <physics>, entropy, volume (thermodynamics), particle number
|thermodynamic system, energy <physics>, entropy, volume (thermodynamics), particle number
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|irreversible process (thermodynamics)
| irreversible process (thermodynamics) || thermodynamic process
|thermodynamic process
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|isentropic process
| isentropic process || adiabatic process, reversible process (thermodynamics)
|adiabatic process, reversible process (thermodynamics)
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|isenthalpic process
| isenthalpic process || thermodynamic process, enthalpy
|thermodynamic process, enthalpy
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|isobaric process
| isobaric process || thermodynamic process, closed system <physics>
|thermodynamic process, closed system <physics>
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|isochoric process, constant-volume process, isovolumetric process, isometric process
| isochoric process, constant-volume process, isovolumetric process, isometric process || thermodynamic process, closed system <physics>
|thermodynamic process, closed system <physics>
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|isothermal process
| isothermal process || thermodynamic process, closed system <physics>
|thermodynamic process, closed system <physics>
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|Kelvin scale
| Kelvin scale || thermodynamic temperature, scale of temperature
|thermodynamic temperature, scale of temperature
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|particle number, number of particles
| particle number, number of particles || thermodynamic system, particle <physics>
|thermodynamic system, particle <physics>
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|perpetual motion machine
| perpetual motion machine || laws of thermodynamics
|laws of thermodynamics
|  ||  
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|polytropic index
| polytropic index || polytropic process
|polytropic process
|  ||  
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|polytropic process
| polytropic process || thermodynamic process
|thermodynamic process
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|pressure-volume diagram
| pressure-volume diagram || thermodynamic diagram, pressure <physics>, volume (thermodynamic)
|thermodynamic diagram, pressure <physics>, volume (thermodynamic)
|  ||  
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|quasi-static process, quasi-equilibrium process
| quasi-static process, quasi-equilibrium process || thermodynamic process, thermodynamic equilibrium
|thermodynamic process, thermodynamic equilibrium
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|refrigerant
| refrigerant || refrigeration
|refrigeration
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|refrigeration
| refrigeration || cooling <physics>
|cooling <physics>
|  ||  
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|scale of temperature
| scale of temperature || temperature <physics>
|temperature <physics>
|  ||  
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|temperature–entropy diagram
| temperature–entropy diagram || thermodynamic diagram, thermodynamic temperature, entropy
|thermodynamic diagram, thermodynamic temperature, entropy
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|-
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|thermal convection, convective heat transfer
| thermal convection, convective heat transfer || heat transfer
|heat transfer
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|thermal efficiency
| thermal efficiency || thermal energy
|thermal energy
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|thermal energy
| thermal energy || enthalpy, heat
|enthalpy, heat
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|phase transition
| phase transition || physical change <physics>
|physical change <physics>
|  ||  
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|process function, path function
| process function, path function || thermodynamic process
|thermodynamic process
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|real gas
| real gas || ideal gas law
|ideal gas law
|  ||  
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|reversible process (thermodynamics)
| reversible process (thermodynamics) || thermodynamic process
|thermodynamic process
|  ||  
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|reversed Carnot cycle
| reversed Carnot cycle || Carnot cycle
|Carnot cycle
|  ||  
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|-
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|second law of thermodynamics
| second law of thermodynamics || entrophy, thermodynamic system, spontaneous process, thermodynamic equilibrium, thermodynamic free energy
|entrophy, thermodynamic system, spontaneous process, thermodynamic equilibrium, thermodynamic free energy
|  ||  
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|  ||  
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|  ||  
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| ||  
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| ||  
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| ||  
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| ||  
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|-
|-
|state function, function of state, point function
| state function, function of state, point function || state variable <control theory>
|state variable <control theory>
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
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|  ||  
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| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
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| ||  
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|-
|-
|Stirling engine
| Stirling engine || reciprocating engine
|reciprocating engine
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
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|-
|-
|thermal conduction
| thermal conduction || heat transfer
|heat transfer
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|thermal radiation
| thermal radiation || electromagnetic radiation <physics>, kinetic theory of gases, matter <physics> {chemistry}
|electromagnetic radiation <physics>, kinetic theory of gases, matter <physics> {chemistry}
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
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|-
|-
|thermodynamic cycle
| thermodynamic cycle || thermodynamic process
|thermodynamic process
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
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|-
|-
|thermodynamic diagram
| thermodynamic diagram || thermodynamic state
|thermodynamic state
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
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| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
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|-
|-
|thermodynamic free energy
| thermodynamic free energy || work (thermodynamics), thermodynamic system
|work (thermodynamics), thermodynamic system
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
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|-
|-
|thermodynamic potential energy, thermodynamic potential
| thermodynamic potential energy, thermodynamic potential || scalar <physics>
|scalar <physics>
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
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|-
|-
|thermodynamic process
| thermodynamic process || thermodynamic system
|thermodynamic system
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
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|-
|-
|thermodynamic state
| thermodynamic state || thermodynamic system, time <physics>
|thermodynamic system, time <physics>
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
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|-
|-
|thermodynamic square, thermodynamic wheel, Guggenheim scheme, Born square
| thermodynamic square, thermodynamic wheel, Guggenheim scheme, Born square || conjugate variables (thermodynamics)
|conjugate variables (thermodynamics)
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
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| ||  
|
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|-
|-
|thermodynamic system
| thermodynamic system ||
|
|  ||  
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|  ||  
|
|  ||  
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| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|thermodynamic temperature
| thermodynamic temperature || temperature <physics>
|temperature <physics>
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|third law of thermodynamics
| third law of thermodynamics || entropy, absolute zero
|entropy, absolute zero
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|vapor-compression refrigeration
|vapor-compression refrigeration
|intensive property <physics>, phase transition {chemistry}
|intensive property <physics>, phase transition {chemistry}
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|volume (thermodynamics)
| volume (thermodynamics) || intensive property <physics>
|intensive property <physics>
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|zeroth law of thermodynamics
| zeroth law of thermodynamics || thermodynamic system, thermal equilibrium
|thermodynamic system, thermal equilibrium
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|}
|}


== Statistical Mechanics ==
== Statistical Mechanics ==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!eng-Latn-US: concept
! eng-Latn-US: concept !! eng-Latn-US: prerequisite
!eng-Latn-US: prerequisite
! cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 !! cmn-Hans-CN: 前提
!cmn-Hans-CN: 概念
! cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn !! cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí
!cmn-Hans-CN: 前提
! deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] !! deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]
!cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn
! fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] !! fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]
!cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí
! jpn-Hrkt-JP: がいねん !! jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜんたい
!deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m]
! jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 !! jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提
!deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]
! rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция !! rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
!fra-Latn-FR: concept [m]
!fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]
!jpn-Hrkt-JP: がいねん
!jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜんたい
!jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念
!jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提
!rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция
!rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
|-
|-
|Gibbs free energy, Gibbs energy
| Gibbs free energy, Gibbs energy || thermodynamic potential
|thermodynamic potential
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|equation of state
| equation of state || thermodynamic equation, pressure <physics>, volume (thermodynamics), thermodynamic temperature, internal energy
|thermodynamic equation, pressure <physics>, volume (thermodynamics), thermodynamic temperature, internal energy
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|grand canonical ensemble, macrocanonical ensemble
| grand canonical ensemble, macrocanonical ensemble || statistical ensemble
|statistical ensemble
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|grand potential
| grand potential || internal energy, thermodynamic temperature, entropy, chemical potential, particle number, pressure <physics>, volume (thermodynamics)
|internal energy, thermodynamic temperature, entropy, chemical potential, particle number, pressure <physics>, volume (thermodynamics)
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Helmholtz free energy, Helmholtz energy
| Helmholtz free energy, Helmholtz energy || isothermal process
|isothermal process
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|kinetic theory of gases
| kinetic theory of gases || gas <physics>, particle number
|gas <physics>, particle number
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Landau free energy, Landau potential
| Landau free energy, Landau potential ||
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|Maxwell relations
|Maxwell relations
|symmetry of second derivatives <mathematics>
|symmetry of second derivatives <mathematics>
|internal energy, enthalpy , Helmholtz free energy, Gibbs free energy
|internal energy, enthalpy , Helmholtz free energy, Gibbs free energy
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|specific enthalpy
|enthalpy, mass <physics>
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|thermodynamic limit, macroscopic limit
| specific enthalpy || enthalpy, mass <physics>
|particle number, volume (thermodynamics)
| ||
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|thermodynamic potential
| thermodynamic limit, macroscopic limit || particle number, volume (thermodynamics)
|thermodynamic state, scalar (physics) <physics>
|  ||
|
|  ||
|
|  ||
|
|  ||
|
|  ||
|
|  ||
|
|  ||
|
|-
|
| thermodynamic potential || thermodynamic state, scalar (physics) <physics>
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
| ||  
|}
|}


== Chemical Thermodynamics ==
== Chemical Thermodynamics ==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!eng-Latn-US: concept
! eng-Latn-US: concept !! eng-Latn-US: prerequisite
!eng-Latn-US: prerequisite
! cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 !! cmn-Hans-CN: 前提
!cmn-Hans-CN: 概念
! cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn !! cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí
!cmn-Hans-CN: 前提
! deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] !! deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]
!cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn
! fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] !! fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]
!cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí
! jpn-Hrkt-JP: がいねん !! jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜんたい
!deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m]
! jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 !! jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提
!deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]
! rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция !! rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
!fra-Latn-FR: concept [m]
!fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]
!jpn-Hrkt-JP: がいねん
!jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜんたい
!jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念
!jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提
!rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция
!rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
|-
|-
|chemical potential
|chemical potential
|chemical species <chemistry>, energy <physics>, phase transition {chemistry}
|chemical species <chemistry>, energy <physics>, phase transition {chemistry}
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
|}


== Quantum Thermodynamics ==
== Quantum Thermodynamics ==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!eng-Latn-US: concept
! eng-Latn-US: concept !! eng-Latn-US: prerequisite
!eng-Latn-US: prerequisite
! cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 !! cmn-Hans-CN: 前提
!cmn-Hans-CN: 概念
! cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn !! cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí
!cmn-Hans-CN: 前提
! deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] !! deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]
!cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn
! fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] !! fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]
!cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí
! jpn-Hrkt-JP: がいねん !! jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜんたい
!deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m]
! jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 !! jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提
!deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]
! rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция !! rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
!fra-Latn-FR: concept [m]
!fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]
!jpn-Hrkt-JP: がいねん
!jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜんたい
!jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念
!jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提
!rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция
!rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
|-
|-
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
|}


== Equilibrium Thermodynamics ==
== Equilibrium Thermodynamics ==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!eng-Latn-US: concept
! eng-Latn-US: concept !! eng-Latn-US: prerequisite
!eng-Latn-US: prerequisite
! cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 !! cmn-Hans-CN: 前提
!cmn-Hans-CN: 概念
! cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn !! cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí
!cmn-Hans-CN: 前提
! deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] !! deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]
!cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn
! fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] !! fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]
!cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí
! jpn-Hrkt-JP: がいねん !! jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜんたい
!deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m]
! jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 !! jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提
!deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]
! rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция !! rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
!fra-Latn-FR: concept [m]
!fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]
!jpn-Hrkt-JP: がいねん
!jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜんたい
!jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念
!jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提
!rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция
!rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
|-
|-
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
|}


== Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics ==
== Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics ==
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
!eng-Latn-US: concept
! eng-Latn-US: concept !! eng-Latn-US: prerequisite
!eng-Latn-US: prerequisite
! cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 !! cmn-Hans-CN: 前提
!cmn-Hans-CN: 概念
! cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn !! cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí
!cmn-Hans-CN: 前提
! deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] !! deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]
!cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn
! fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] !! fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]
!cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí
! jpn-Hrkt-JP: がいねん !! jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜんたい
!deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m]
! jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 !! jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提
!deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f]
! rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция !! rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
!fra-Latn-FR: concept [m]
!fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m]
!jpn-Hrkt-JP: がいねん
!jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜんたい
!jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念
!jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提
!rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция
!rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
|-
|-
|
|  ||  
|
|  ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
| ||  
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|}
|}


Revision as of 01:34, 4 October 2021

This is a part of the Sci-Tech Index, a project for science and technology learners.

“Prerequisites” for non-English languages are to be generated through programs, so they are kept empty.

In progress.

eng-Latn-US: concept eng-Latn-US: prerequisite cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 cmn-Hans-CN: 前提 cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f] fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m] jpn-Hrkt-JP: がいねん jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜんたい jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提 rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
theormodynamics 热力学 rè lìxué Thermodynamik [f] thermodynamique [f] ねつりきがく 熱力学 термодина́мика
classical thermodynamics 经典热力学 jīngdiǎn rèlìxué klassische Thermodynamik thermodynamique [f] classique こてんねつりきがく 古典熱力学 класси́ческая термодина́мика
statistical mechanics 统计力学 tǒngjì lìxué statistische Mechanik [f] physique [f] statistique とうけいりきがく 統計力学 статисти́ческая меха́ника, статисти́ческая термодина́мика
chemical thermodynamics 化学热力学 huàxué rèlìxué chemische Thermodynamik thermodynamique [f] chimique かがくねつりきがく 化学熱力学 хими́ческая термодина́мика
quantum thermodynamics 量子热力学 liàngzǐ rèlìxué Quantenthermodynamik [f] thermodynamique [f] quantique りょうしねつりきがく 量子熱力学 ква́нтовой термодина́мики
non-equilibrium thermodynamics 非平衡态热力学 fēi pínghéngtài rèlìxué Nichtgleichgewichtsthermodynamik [f] thermodynamique [f] hors équilibre ひへいこうねつりきがく 非平衡熱力学 неравнове́сная термодина́мика

Classical Thermodynamics

eng-Latn-US: concept eng-Latn-US: prerequisite cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 cmn-Hans-CN: 前提 cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f] fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m] jpn-Hrkt-JP: がいねん jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜんたい jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提 rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
absolute zero temperature <physics>, particle <physics>
absorption refrigerator refrigeration
adiabatic process thermodynamic process
Carnot heat engine Carnot cycle, heat engine
Carnot cycle thermodynamic cycle
Carnot's theorem (thermodynamics), Carnot's rule heat engine
Clausius theorem thermal reservoir, thermodynamic cycle
coefficient of performance heat pump cycle, thermodynamic work, energy <physics>
conjugate variables (thermodynamics)
enthalpy internal energy, pressure <physics>, volume (thermodynamics)
entropy work (thermodynamics), energy <physics>
equation of state thermodynamic equation
first law of thermodynamics law of conservation of energy <continuum mechanics>, thermodynamic process, isolated system <physics>, energy <physics>, thermodynamic work
free expansion, Joule expansion irreversible process, volume (thermodynamics)
fundamental thermodynamic relation internal energy, thermodynamic temperature, entropy, pressure <physics>, volume (thermodynamics)
heat pump mechanical energy <physics>, mechanical work <physics>
heat energy <physics>
heat engine mechanical energy <physics>, mechanical work <physics>
ideal gas point particle <physics>
ideal gas law, general gas equation equation of state, ideal gas
internal energy thermodynamic system, energy <physics>, entropy, volume (thermodynamics), particle number
irreversible process (thermodynamics) thermodynamic process
isentropic process adiabatic process, reversible process (thermodynamics)
isenthalpic process thermodynamic process, enthalpy
isobaric process thermodynamic process, closed system <physics>
isochoric process, constant-volume process, isovolumetric process, isometric process thermodynamic process, closed system <physics>
isothermal process thermodynamic process, closed system <physics>
Kelvin scale thermodynamic temperature, scale of temperature
particle number, number of particles thermodynamic system, particle <physics>
perpetual motion machine laws of thermodynamics
polytropic index polytropic process
polytropic process thermodynamic process
pressure-volume diagram thermodynamic diagram, pressure <physics>, volume (thermodynamic)
quasi-static process, quasi-equilibrium process thermodynamic process, thermodynamic equilibrium
refrigerant refrigeration
refrigeration cooling <physics>
scale of temperature temperature <physics>
temperature–entropy diagram thermodynamic diagram, thermodynamic temperature, entropy
thermal convection, convective heat transfer heat transfer
thermal efficiency thermal energy
thermal energy enthalpy, heat
phase transition physical change <physics>
process function, path function thermodynamic process
real gas ideal gas law
reversible process (thermodynamics) thermodynamic process
reversed Carnot cycle Carnot cycle
second law of thermodynamics entrophy, thermodynamic system, spontaneous process, thermodynamic equilibrium, thermodynamic free energy
state function, function of state, point function state variable <control theory>
Stirling engine reciprocating engine
thermal conduction heat transfer
thermal radiation electromagnetic radiation <physics>, kinetic theory of gases, matter <physics> {chemistry}
thermodynamic cycle thermodynamic process
thermodynamic diagram thermodynamic state
thermodynamic free energy work (thermodynamics), thermodynamic system
thermodynamic potential energy, thermodynamic potential scalar <physics>
thermodynamic process thermodynamic system
thermodynamic state thermodynamic system, time <physics>
thermodynamic square, thermodynamic wheel, Guggenheim scheme, Born square conjugate variables (thermodynamics)
thermodynamic system
thermodynamic temperature temperature <physics>
third law of thermodynamics entropy, absolute zero
vapor-compression refrigeration intensive property <physics>, phase transition {chemistry}
volume (thermodynamics) intensive property <physics>
zeroth law of thermodynamics thermodynamic system, thermal equilibrium

Statistical Mechanics

eng-Latn-US: concept eng-Latn-US: prerequisite cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 cmn-Hans-CN: 前提 cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f] fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m] jpn-Hrkt-JP: がいねん jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜんたい jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提 rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
Gibbs free energy, Gibbs energy thermodynamic potential
equation of state thermodynamic equation, pressure <physics>, volume (thermodynamics), thermodynamic temperature, internal energy
grand canonical ensemble, macrocanonical ensemble statistical ensemble
grand potential internal energy, thermodynamic temperature, entropy, chemical potential, particle number, pressure <physics>, volume (thermodynamics)
Helmholtz free energy, Helmholtz energy isothermal process
kinetic theory of gases gas <physics>, particle number
Landau free energy, Landau potential
Maxwell relations symmetry of second derivatives <mathematics> internal energy, enthalpy , Helmholtz free energy, Gibbs free energy
specific enthalpy enthalpy, mass <physics>
thermodynamic limit, macroscopic limit particle number, volume (thermodynamics)
thermodynamic potential thermodynamic state, scalar (physics) <physics>

Chemical Thermodynamics

eng-Latn-US: concept eng-Latn-US: prerequisite cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 cmn-Hans-CN: 前提 cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f] fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m] jpn-Hrkt-JP: がいねん jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜんたい jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提 rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка
chemical potential chemical species <chemistry>, energy <physics>, phase transition {chemistry}

Quantum Thermodynamics

eng-Latn-US: concept eng-Latn-US: prerequisite cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 cmn-Hans-CN: 前提 cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f] fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m] jpn-Hrkt-JP: がいねん jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜんたい jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提 rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка

Equilibrium Thermodynamics

eng-Latn-US: concept eng-Latn-US: prerequisite cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 cmn-Hans-CN: 前提 cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f] fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m] jpn-Hrkt-JP: がいねん jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜんたい jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提 rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка

Non-Equilibrium Thermodynamics

eng-Latn-US: concept eng-Latn-US: prerequisite cmn-Hans-CN: 概念 cmn-Hans-CN: 前提 cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: gàiniàn cmn-Latn.Pinyin-CN: qiántí deu-Latn-DE: Begriff [m] deu-Latn-DE: Voraussetzung [f] fra-Latn-FR: concept [m] fra-Latn-FR: préalable [m] jpn-Hrkt-JP: がいねん jpn-Hrkt-JP: ぜんたい jpn-Jpan-JP: 概念 jpn-Jpan-JP: 前提 rus-Cyrl-RU: конце́пция rus-Cyrl-RU: предпосы́лка

800px-Carnot heat engine 2.svg.png

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