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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Irish|Irish]]  → [[Language/Irish/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Irish/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Irregular Verbs</div>
Don't use this.  I don't have the energy to fix this entire page.  There are only 11 irregular verbs, not 20.  Please go elsewhere. 


<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Irish|Irish]]  → [[Language/Irish/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Irish/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verb Conjugation → Irregular Verbs</div>
Welcome to today's lesson on '''Irregular Verbs''' in the Irish language! Understanding irregular verbs is crucial for mastering Irish, as they often appear in daily conversations and written texts. Unlike regular verbs, which follow predictable patterns, irregular verbs can be a bit tricky, but don't worry! We will break them down together, making the learning process enjoyable and manageable.
 
In this lesson, we'll cover the following points:
 
* An overview of what irregular verbs are and why they matter.
 
* A detailed look at 20 common irregular verbs, including their conjugations in the present tense.
 
* Practical exercises to reinforce your learning and help you apply what you've learned in real-life situations.
 
So, get ready to dive into the fascinating world of Irish irregular verbs!


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Introduction ==
=== What are Irregular Verbs? ===


In this lesson, we will focus on the irregular verbs in Irish language. As we have previously learned in the lesson on regular verbs, verb conjugation is a critical aspect of grammar. In Irish, conjugation involves changing the form of the verb in relation to the tense, the person, and the number.
Irregular verbs are verbs that do not follow the standard rules of conjugation. In most languages, including Irish, regular verbs follow a specific pattern, but irregular verbs change forms in unpredictable ways. These verbs are essential in everyday communication, and mastering them is a key step on your journey to fluency in Irish.


The irregular verbs are verbs that do not follow the regular pattern of conjugation. In other words, the forms of some of these verbs cannot be derived by simply adding a suffix to the stem of the verb. Instead, they have unique and irregular forms specific to each tense, person, and number.
=== Why are Irregular Verbs Important? ===


Irregular verbs are an essential aspect of grammar, and learning them will enable you to communicate more effectively in Irish language. In this lesson, we will provide you with cultural information and interesting facts to make your learning experience more engaging and enjoyable. Let's dive in!
* '''Common Usage''': Irregular verbs are frequently used in conversations. Knowing them will help you understand and participate in everyday discussions.


== Common Irregular Verbs in the Present Tense ==
* '''Writing Skills''': Irregular verbs are also prevalent in written Irish, so recognizing their forms is vital for reading comprehension.


In this section, we will focus on the most common irregular verbs in the present tense in Irish language. It is important to note that the present tense has a strong influence on the forms of the other tenses, so mastering the present tense is vital in speaking Irish language fluently.
* '''Cultural Insight''': Understanding these verbs can deepen your appreciation of Irish literature, songs, and folklore, where these forms often appear.


=== Tá (to be) ===
== Overview of Common Irregular Verbs ==


The verb "tá" means "to be." It is an essential irregular verb in Irish language, and you will encounter it frequently in everyday speech.
Let’s explore 20 common irregular verbs in Irish. Below is a table that includes their present tense conjugation.


In the present tense, "tá" has the following forms:
{| class="wikitable"


{| class="wikitable"
! Irish !! Pronunciation !! English
! Irish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Tá mé || /tɑː meɪ/ || I am
 
| bí || bee || to be
 
|-
|-
| Tá tú || /tɑː tuː/ || You are
 
| téigh || tay || to go
 
|-
|-
| Tá sé/sí || /tɑː ʃeː ʃiː/ || He/she is
 
| faigh || fye || to get
 
|-
|-
| Táimid || /tɑː mʲɪdʲ/ || We are
 
| déan || dyan || to do/make
 
|-
 
| teigh || tye || to go
 
|-
|-
| Tá sibh || /tɑː ʃɪvʲ/ || You (pl) are
 
| tabhair || tawir || to give
 
|-
|-
| Tá siad || /tɑː ʃiəd/ || They are
|}


Note that in Irish language, the forms of the verb "to be" are used differently from in English language. For instance, instead of saying "I am hungry" as it is in English, you would say "Tá ocras orm" in Irish language, which literally translates to "Hunger is on me."
| clois || klosh || to hear


=== Feic (to see) ===
|-


The verb "feic" means "to see." It is another irregular verb in Irish language, and its present tense forms are as follows:
| feic || feyk || to see


{| class="wikitable"
! Irish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Feicim || /fʲɛkʲɪm/ || I see
 
| ith || ih || to eat
 
|-
|-
| Feiceann tú || /fʲɛcʲæn tuː/ || You see
 
| scríobh || skreev || to write
 
|-
|-
| Feiceann sé/sí || /fʲɛcʲæn ʃeː ʃiː/ || He/she sees
 
| tar || tar || to come
 
|-
|-
| Feicimid || /fʲɛkʲɪmɪdʲ/ || We see
 
| cuimhnigh || kwihn-ih || to remember
 
|-
|-
| Feiceann sibh || /fʲɛcʲæn ʃɪvʲ/ || You (pl) see
 
| bris || brish || to break
 
|-
|-
| Feiceann siad || /fʲɛcʲæn ʃiəd/ || They see
|}


=== Déan (to do/make) ===
| séim || shaym || to sing


The verb "déan" means "to do" or "to make." It is a crucial irregular verb in Irish language, and its present tense forms are as follows:
|-
 
| lean || lyan || to follow


{| class="wikitable"
! Irish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Déanaim || /deːnəm/ || I do/make
 
| faigh || fye || to find
 
|-
|-
| Déanann tú || /deːnən tuː/ || You do/make
 
| shéan || shan || to shine
 
|-
|-
| Déanann sé/sí || /deːnən ʃeː ʃiː/ || He/she does/makes
 
| tóg || toe-g || to take
 
|-
|-
| Déanaimid || /deːnəmɪdʲ/ || We do/make
 
| gníomhaigh || gnee-vee || to act
 
|-
|-
| Déanann sibh || /deːnən ʃɪvʲ/ || You (pl) do/make
 
| dún || doon || to close
 
|-
|-
| Déanann siad || /deːnən ʃiəd/ || They do/make
 
| rith || rih || to run
 
|}
|}


Note that the verb "déan" is often combined with other verbs to create compound verbs in Irish language. For example, "déan chóir" means "to do justice," and "déan cion" means "to show kindness."
=== Conjugation in Present Tense ===
 
Now that we've introduced these verbs, let's delve into how they are conjugated in the present tense.
 
1. '''Bí (to be)''':
 
* '''Mé''': táim (I am)
 
* '''Tú''': tá tú (You are)
 
* '''Sé/Sí''': tá sé/sí (He/She is)
 
* '''Sinn''': táimid (We are)
 
* '''Sibh''': tá sibh (You all are)
 
* '''Siad''': tá siad (They are)
 
2. '''Téigh (to go)''':
 
* '''Mé''': téim (I go)
 
* '''Tú''': téann tú (You go)
 
* '''Sé/Sí''': téann sé/sí (He/She goes)
 
* '''Sinn''': téimid (We go)
 
* '''Sibh''': téann sibh (You all go)
 
* '''Siad''': téann siad (They go)
 
3. '''Faigh (to get)''':
 
* '''Mé''': faighim (I get)
 
* '''Tú''': faigheann tú (You get)
 
* '''Sé/Sí''': faigheann sé/sí (He/She gets)
 
* '''Sinn''': faighimid (We get)
 
* '''Sibh''': faigheann sibh (You all get)
 
* '''Siad''': faigheann siad (They get)
 
4. '''Déan (to do/make)''':
 
* '''Mé''': déanann mé (I do/make)
 
* '''Tú''': déanann tú (You do/make)
 
* '''Sé/Sí''': déanann sé/sí (He/She does/makes)
 
* '''Sinn''': déanann sinn (We do/make)
 
* '''Sibh''': déanann sibh (You all do/make)
 
* '''Siad''': déanann siad (They do/make)
 
5. '''Tabhair (to give)''':
 
* '''Mé''': tugaim (I give)
 
* '''Tú''': tugann tú (You give)
 
* '''Sé/Sí''': tugann sé/sí (He/She gives)
 
* '''Sinn''': tugaimid (We give)
 
* '''Sibh''': tugann sibh (You all give)
 
* '''Siad''': tugann siad (They give)
 
6. '''Clois (to hear)''':
 
* '''Mé''': cloisim (I hear)
 
* '''Tú''': cloiseann tú (You hear)
 
* '''Sé/Sí''': cloiseann sé/sí (He/She hears)
 
* '''Sinn''': cloisimid (We hear)
 
* '''Sibh''': cloiseann sibh (You all hear)
 
* '''Siad''': cloiseann siad (They hear)
 
7. '''Feic (to see)''':
 
* '''Mé''': feicim (I see)
 
* '''Tú''': feiceann tú (You see)
 
* '''Sé/Sí''': feiceann sé/sí (He/She sees)
 
* '''Sinn''': feicimid (We see)
 
* '''Sibh''': feiceann sibh (You all see)
 
* '''Siad''': feiceann siad (They see)
 
8. '''Ith (to eat)''':
 
* '''Mé''': itheann mé (I eat)
 
* '''Tú''': itheann tú (You eat)
 
* '''Sé/Sí''': itheann sé/sí (He/She eats)
 
* '''Sinn''': itheann sinn (We eat)
 
* '''Sibh''': itheann sibh (You all eat)
 
* '''Siad''': itheann siad (They eat)
 
9. '''Scríobh (to write)''':
 
* '''Mé''': scríobhaim (I write)
 
* '''Tú''': scríobhann tú (You write)
 
* '''Sé/Sí''': scríobhann sé/sí (He/She writes)
 
* '''Sinn''': scríobhaimid (We write)
 
* '''Sibh''': scríobhann sibh (You all write)
 
* '''Siad''': scríobhann siad (They write)
 
10. '''Tar (to come)''':
 
* '''Mé''': tagaim (I come)
 
* '''Tú''': tagann tú (You come)
 
* '''Sé/Sí''': tagann sé/sí (He/She comes)
 
* '''Sinn''': tagaimid (We come)
 
* '''Sibh''': tagann sibh (You all come)
 
* '''Siad''': tagann siad (They come)
 
11. '''Cuimhnigh (to remember)''':
 
* '''Mé''': cuimhním (I remember)
 
* '''Tú''': cuimhníonn tú (You remember)
 
* '''Sé/Sí''': cuimhníonn sé/sí (He/She remembers)
 
* '''Sinn''': cuimhnímid (We remember)
 
* '''Sibh''': cuimhníonn sibh (You all remember)
 
* '''Siad''': cuimhníonn siad (They remember)
 
12. '''Bris (to break)''':
 
* '''Mé''': brisim (I break)
 
* '''Tú''': briseann tú (You break)
 
* '''Sé/Sí''': briseann sé/sí (He/She breaks)
 
* '''Sinn''': brisimid (We break)
 
* '''Sibh''': briseann sibh (You all break)
 
* '''Siad''': briseann siad (They break)
 
13. '''Séim (to sing)''':
 
* '''Mé''': seímim (I sing)
 
* '''Tú''': seímann tú (You sing)
 
* '''Sé/Sí''': seímann sé/sí (He/She sings)
 
* '''Sinn''': seímimid (We sing)
 
* '''Sibh''': seímann sibh (You all sing)
 
* '''Siad''': seímann siad (They sing)
 
14. '''Lean (to follow)''':
 
* '''Mé''': leanfaidh mé (I follow)
 
* '''Tú''': leanfaidh tú (You follow)
 
* '''Sé/Sí''': leanfaidh sé/sí (He/She follows)
 
* '''Sinn''': leanfaidh sinn (We follow)
 
* '''Sibh''': leanfaidh sibh (You all follow)
 
* '''Siad''': leanfaidh siad (They follow)
 
15. '''Shéan (to shine)''':
 
* '''Mé''': shéanfaidh mé (I shine)
 
* '''Tú''': shéanfaidh tú (You shine)
 
* '''Sé/Sí''': shéanfaidh sé/sí (He/She shines)
 
* '''Sinn''': shéanfaidh sinn (We shine)
 
* '''Sibh''': shéanfaidh sibh (You all shine)
 
* '''Siad''': shéanfaidh siad (They shine)
 
16. '''Tóg (to take)''':
 
* '''Mé''': tógfaidh mé (I take)
 
* '''Tú''': tógfaidh tú (You take)
 
* '''Sé/Sí''': tógfaidh sé/sí (He/She takes)
 
* '''Sinn''': tógfaidh sinn (We take)
 
* '''Sibh''': tógfaidh sibh (You all take)
 
* '''Siad''': tógfaidh siad (They take)


=== Abair (to say) ===
17. '''Gníomhaigh (to act)''':


The verb "abair" means "to say." It is a vital irregular verb in Irish language used in everyday communication. The present tense forms of "abair" are as follows:
* '''Mé''': gníomhaím (I act)


{| class="wikitable"
* '''Tú''': gníomhaíonn tú (You act)
! Irish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
* '''Sé/Sí''': gníomhaíonn sé/sí (He/She acts)
| Abairim || /abarʲɪm/ || I say
 
|-
* '''Sinn''': gníomhaímid (We act)
| Abairt tú || /abarʲt tuː/ || You say
 
|-
* '''Sibh''': gníomhaíonn sibh (You all act)
| Abairt sé/sí || /abarʲt ʃeː ʃiː/ || He/she says
 
|-
* '''Siad''': gníomhaíonn siad (They act)
| Abairimid || /abarʲɪdʲəm/ || We say
 
|-
18. '''Dún (to close)''':
| Abairt sibh || /abarʲt ʃɪvʲ/ || You (pl) say
 
|-
* '''Mé''': dúnfaidh mé (I close)
| Abairt siad || /abarʲt ʃiəd/ || They say
 
|}
* '''Tú''': dúnfaidh tú (You close)
 
* '''Sé/Sí''': dúnfaidh sé/sí (He/She closes)
 
* '''Sinn''': dúnfaidh sinn (We close)
 
* '''Sibh''': dúnfaidh sibh (You all close)
 
* '''Siad''': dúnfaidh siad (They close)
 
19. '''Rith (to run)''':
 
* '''Mé''': rithim (I run)
 
* '''Tú''': rithíonn tú (You run)
 
* '''Sé/Sí''': rithíonn sé/sí (He/She runs)
 
* '''Sinn''': rithimid (We run)
 
* '''Sibh''': rithíonn sibh (You all run)
 
* '''Siad''': rithíonn siad (They run)
 
20. '''Gníomh (to act)''':
 
* '''Mé''': gníomhaím (I act)
 
* '''Tú''': gníomhaíonn tú (You act)
 
* '''Sé/Sí''': gníomhaíonn sé/sí (He/She acts)
 
* '''Sinn''': gníomhaímid (We act)
 
* '''Sibh''': gníomhaíonn sibh (You all act)
 
* '''Siad''': gníomhaíonn siad (They act)
 
=== Exercises ===
 
Now that you've learned about irregular verbs and their conjugations, it's time to put your knowledge to the test! Below are exercises designed to help you practice.
 
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ====
 
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.
 
1. '''(bí)''' Mé ________ sásta. (I am happy)
 
2. '''(téigh)''' Tú ________ go dtí an siopa. (You go to the shop)
 
3. '''(faigh)''' Sé ________ an leabhar. (He gets the book)
 
4. '''(déan)''' Sí ________ a cuid obair. (She does her work)
 
5. '''(tabhair)''' Sinn ________ cuireadh. (We give an invitation)
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. táim
 
2. téann tú
 
3. faigheann sé
 
4. déanann sí
 
5. tugaimid
 
==== Exercise 2: Match the Verbs ====
 
Match the Irish verbs to their English equivalents.
 
1. '''Tóg'''
 
2. '''Ith'''
 
3. '''Clois'''
 
4. '''Bris'''
 
5. '''Feic'''
 
A. To break 
 
B. To eat 
 
C. To see 
 
D. To take 
 
E. To hear 
 
''Solutions:''
 
1-D (Tóg - To take)
 
2-B (Ith - To eat)
 
3-E (Clois - To hear)
 
4-A (Bris - To break)
 
5-C (Feic - To see)
 
==== Exercise 3: Conjugate the Verb ====
 
Conjugate the following verbs in the present tense for all pronouns.
 
1. '''Déan'''
 
2. '''Clois'''
 
''Solutions:''
 
1.
 
* Mé: déanann mé
 
* Tú: déanann tú
 
* Sé/Sí: déanann sé/sí
 
* Sinn: déanann sinn
 
* Sibh: déanann sibh  
 
* Siad: déanann siad
 
2.
 
* Mé: cloisim
 
* Tú: cloiseann tú
 
* Sé/Sí: cloiseann sé/sí
 
* Sinn: cloisimid
 
* Sibh: cloiseann sibh
 
* Siad: cloiseann siad
 
==== Exercise 4: Complete the Sentences ====
 
Complete the following sentences using the appropriate verb form.
 
1. '''(tar)''' ________ liom chuig an cóisir. (I come to the party)
 
2. '''(gníomh)''' ________ tú go maith. (You act well)
 
3. '''(lean)''' ________ sinn an cosán. (We follow the path)
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Tagaim
 
2. Gníomhaíonn
 
3. Leanfaidh
 
==== Exercise 5: Translate to Irish ====
 
Translate the following sentences into Irish.
 
1. I see the stars.
 
2. They eat pizza.
 
3. You are happy.
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Feicim na réaltaí.
 
2. Itheann siad pizza.
 
3. Tá tú sásta.
 
==== Exercise 6: Verb Conjugation Challenge ====
 
Choose one irregular verb and conjugate it for all pronouns, then create a sentence using that verb.
 
''Example Solution:''
 
Verb: '''Tóg'''
 
Conjugation:
 
* Mé: tógfaidh mé
 
* Tú: tógfaidh tú
 
* Sé/Sí: tógfaidh sé/sí
 
* Sinn: tógfaidh sinn
 
* Sibh: tógfaidh sibh
 
* Siad: tógfaidh siad
 
Sentence: Tógfaidh mé an leabhar seo. (I will take this book.)
 
==== Exercise 7: Fill in the Correct Verb ====
 
Choose the correct irregular verb to complete the sentence.
 
1. ________ (to go) go dtí an trá. (to the beach)
 
2. ________ (to hear) an ceol. (the music)
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Téigh
 
2. Clois
 
==== Exercise 8: Identify the Verb ====
 
Identify the irregular verb in the following sentences.
 
1. Tá sé ag rith.
 
2. Ithim an t-úll.
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Rith (to run)
 
2. Ith (to eat)
 
==== Exercise 9: Create Your Own Sentences ====
 
Create sentences using at least five different irregular verbs from today’s lesson.
 
''Example Solution:''
 
* Déanaim mo chuid obair.
 
* Feicim an gairdín.
 
* Ithim bricfeasta.
 
* Cloisim an scéal.
 
* Tarlaíonn sé go minic.
 
==== Exercise 10: Classify the Verbs ====
 
Classify the following verbs into regular and irregular verbs.


=== Tar (to come) ===
1. '''Bris'''


The verb "tar" means "to come." It is another irregular verb in Irish, and its present tense forms are as follows:
2. '''Dún'''


{| class="wikitable"
3. '''Scríobh'''
! Irish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Tagaim || /tægəm/ || I come
|-
| Tagann tú || /tæɡən tuː/ || You come
|-
| Tagann sé/sí || /tæɡən ʃeː ʃiː/ || He/she comes
|-
| Tagaimid || /tæɡəmɪdʲ/ || We come
|-
| Tagann sibh || /tæɡən ʃɪvʲ/ || You (pl) come
|-
| Tagann siad || /tæɡən ʃiəd/ || They come
|}


=== Ith (to eat) ===
4. '''Téigh'''


The verb "ith" means "to eat." It is a vital irregular verb in Irish language, and its present tense forms are as follows:
5. '''Ith'''


{| class="wikitable"
''Solutions:''
! Irish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| Ithim || /ɪhɪm/ || I eat
|-
| Itheann tú || /ɪhæn tuː/ || You eat
|-
| Itheann sé/sí || /ɪhæn ʃeː ʃiː/ || He/she eats
|-
| Ithimid || /ɪhɪmɪdʲ/ || We eat
|-
| Itheann sibh || /ɪhæn ʃɪvʲ/ || You (pl) eat
|-
| Itheann siad || /ɪhæn ʃiəd/ || They eat
|}


== Conclusion ==
* Irregular: Bris, Dún, Téigh, Ith


Irregular verbs are crucial in constructing sentences accurately in Irish language. The present tense forms of the irregular verbs mentioned above are a good starting point in building fluency in Irish. As a beginner, it is essential to devote enough time to practices, and over time, you will master the different forms of these irregular verbs. Keep in mind that learning a language is not only about grammar and vocabulary but also about the culture and lifestyle of speakers of that language. Therefore, you should seek to learn more about the Irish culture to have a full understanding of the language.
* Regular: Scríobh


We hope you enjoyed this lesson, and see you in the next lesson!
As you work through these exercises, you'll find that practice is key to mastering irregular verbs. Take your time, and don't hesitate to revisit the conjugations as needed. Remember, learning a language is a journey, and each step counts!


In conclusion, while irregular verbs may seem intimidating at first, with practice and engagement, you'll find yourself using them with confidence in no time. Keep practicing, and soon enough, you'll be able to express a wide range of ideas and actions in Irish.


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|keywords=Irish, Verb Conjugation, Irregular Verbs, present tense
|title=Irish Grammar: Mastering Irregular Verbs
|description=Learn how to conjugate common irregular Irish verbs in the present tense. In this lesson, we will provide you with cultural information and interesting facts to make your learning experience more engaging and enjoyable.
 
|keywords=Irish language, irregular verbs, verb conjugation, learn Irish, beginner Irish, grammar lessons
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate common irregular Irish verbs in the present tense, with practical exercises to reinforce your understanding.
 
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==Videos==
==Videos==
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===Irregular Irish Verbs - How To Ask Questions And Answer Them ...===
===Irregular Irish Verbs - How To Ask Questions And Answer Them ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H0_kEjdkv0o</youtube>
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=H0_kEjdkv0o</youtube>
==Sources==
* [http://www.nualeargais.ie/foghlaim/irregular.php?teanga= Irregular Verbs in Irish - Nualéargais]
* [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Irish_irregular_verbs Appendix:Irish irregular verbs - Wiktionary]
* [https://app.memrise.com/course/379468/irish-irregular-verbs/ Irish Irregular Verbs - by SayounaraMinato - Memrise]




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<span class='maj'></span>
 
==Sources==
* [http://www.nualeargais.ie/foghlaim/irregular.php?teanga= Irregular Verbs in Irish - Nualéargais]
* [https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Irish_irregular_verbs Appendix:Irish irregular verbs - Wiktionary]
* [https://app.memrise.com/course/379468/irish-irregular-verbs/ Irish Irregular Verbs - by SayounaraMinato - Memrise]


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Latest revision as of 16:06, 23 August 2024

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Irish → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Irregular Verbs

Don't use this. I don't have the energy to fix this entire page. There are only 11 irregular verbs, not 20. Please go elsewhere.

Welcome to today's lesson on Irregular Verbs in the Irish language! Understanding irregular verbs is crucial for mastering Irish, as they often appear in daily conversations and written texts. Unlike regular verbs, which follow predictable patterns, irregular verbs can be a bit tricky, but don't worry! We will break them down together, making the learning process enjoyable and manageable.

In this lesson, we'll cover the following points:

  • An overview of what irregular verbs are and why they matter.
  • A detailed look at 20 common irregular verbs, including their conjugations in the present tense.
  • Practical exercises to reinforce your learning and help you apply what you've learned in real-life situations.

So, get ready to dive into the fascinating world of Irish irregular verbs!

What are Irregular Verbs?[edit | edit source]

Irregular verbs are verbs that do not follow the standard rules of conjugation. In most languages, including Irish, regular verbs follow a specific pattern, but irregular verbs change forms in unpredictable ways. These verbs are essential in everyday communication, and mastering them is a key step on your journey to fluency in Irish.

Why are Irregular Verbs Important?[edit | edit source]

  • Common Usage: Irregular verbs are frequently used in conversations. Knowing them will help you understand and participate in everyday discussions.
  • Writing Skills: Irregular verbs are also prevalent in written Irish, so recognizing their forms is vital for reading comprehension.
  • Cultural Insight: Understanding these verbs can deepen your appreciation of Irish literature, songs, and folklore, where these forms often appear.

Overview of Common Irregular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Let’s explore 20 common irregular verbs in Irish. Below is a table that includes their present tense conjugation.

Irish Pronunciation English
bí bee to be
téigh tay to go
faigh fye to get
déan dyan to do/make
teigh tye to go
tabhair tawir to give
clois klosh to hear
feic feyk to see
ith ih to eat
scríobh skreev to write
tar tar to come
cuimhnigh kwihn-ih to remember
bris brish to break
séim shaym to sing
lean lyan to follow
faigh fye to find
shéan shan to shine
tóg toe-g to take
gníomhaigh gnee-vee to act
dún doon to close
rith rih to run

Conjugation in Present Tense[edit | edit source]

Now that we've introduced these verbs, let's delve into how they are conjugated in the present tense.

1. Bí (to be):

  • Mé: táim (I am)
  • Tú: tá tú (You are)
  • Sé/Sí: tá sé/sí (He/She is)
  • Sinn: táimid (We are)
  • Sibh: tá sibh (You all are)
  • Siad: tá siad (They are)

2. Téigh (to go):

  • Mé: téim (I go)
  • Tú: téann tú (You go)
  • Sé/Sí: téann sé/sí (He/She goes)
  • Sinn: téimid (We go)
  • Sibh: téann sibh (You all go)
  • Siad: téann siad (They go)

3. Faigh (to get):

  • Mé: faighim (I get)
  • Tú: faigheann tú (You get)
  • Sé/Sí: faigheann sé/sí (He/She gets)
  • Sinn: faighimid (We get)
  • Sibh: faigheann sibh (You all get)
  • Siad: faigheann siad (They get)

4. Déan (to do/make):

  • Mé: déanann mé (I do/make)
  • Tú: déanann tú (You do/make)
  • Sé/Sí: déanann sé/sí (He/She does/makes)
  • Sinn: déanann sinn (We do/make)
  • Sibh: déanann sibh (You all do/make)
  • Siad: déanann siad (They do/make)

5. Tabhair (to give):

  • Mé: tugaim (I give)
  • Tú: tugann tú (You give)
  • Sé/Sí: tugann sé/sí (He/She gives)
  • Sinn: tugaimid (We give)
  • Sibh: tugann sibh (You all give)
  • Siad: tugann siad (They give)

6. Clois (to hear):

  • Mé: cloisim (I hear)
  • Tú: cloiseann tú (You hear)
  • Sé/Sí: cloiseann sé/sí (He/She hears)
  • Sinn: cloisimid (We hear)
  • Sibh: cloiseann sibh (You all hear)
  • Siad: cloiseann siad (They hear)

7. Feic (to see):

  • Mé: feicim (I see)
  • Tú: feiceann tú (You see)
  • Sé/Sí: feiceann sé/sí (He/She sees)
  • Sinn: feicimid (We see)
  • Sibh: feiceann sibh (You all see)
  • Siad: feiceann siad (They see)

8. Ith (to eat):

  • Mé: itheann mé (I eat)
  • Tú: itheann tú (You eat)
  • Sé/Sí: itheann sé/sí (He/She eats)
  • Sinn: itheann sinn (We eat)
  • Sibh: itheann sibh (You all eat)
  • Siad: itheann siad (They eat)

9. Scríobh (to write):

  • Mé: scríobhaim (I write)
  • Tú: scríobhann tú (You write)
  • Sé/Sí: scríobhann sé/sí (He/She writes)
  • Sinn: scríobhaimid (We write)
  • Sibh: scríobhann sibh (You all write)
  • Siad: scríobhann siad (They write)

10. Tar (to come):

  • Mé: tagaim (I come)
  • Tú: tagann tú (You come)
  • Sé/Sí: tagann sé/sí (He/She comes)
  • Sinn: tagaimid (We come)
  • Sibh: tagann sibh (You all come)
  • Siad: tagann siad (They come)

11. Cuimhnigh (to remember):

  • Mé: cuimhním (I remember)
  • Tú: cuimhníonn tú (You remember)
  • Sé/Sí: cuimhníonn sé/sí (He/She remembers)
  • Sinn: cuimhnímid (We remember)
  • Sibh: cuimhníonn sibh (You all remember)
  • Siad: cuimhníonn siad (They remember)

12. Bris (to break):

  • Mé: brisim (I break)
  • Tú: briseann tú (You break)
  • Sé/Sí: briseann sé/sí (He/She breaks)
  • Sinn: brisimid (We break)
  • Sibh: briseann sibh (You all break)
  • Siad: briseann siad (They break)

13. Séim (to sing):

  • Mé: seímim (I sing)
  • Tú: seímann tú (You sing)
  • Sé/Sí: seímann sé/sí (He/She sings)
  • Sinn: seímimid (We sing)
  • Sibh: seímann sibh (You all sing)
  • Siad: seímann siad (They sing)

14. Lean (to follow):

  • Mé: leanfaidh mé (I follow)
  • Tú: leanfaidh tú (You follow)
  • Sé/Sí: leanfaidh sé/sí (He/She follows)
  • Sinn: leanfaidh sinn (We follow)
  • Sibh: leanfaidh sibh (You all follow)
  • Siad: leanfaidh siad (They follow)

15. Shéan (to shine):

  • Mé: shéanfaidh mé (I shine)
  • Tú: shéanfaidh tú (You shine)
  • Sé/Sí: shéanfaidh sé/sí (He/She shines)
  • Sinn: shéanfaidh sinn (We shine)
  • Sibh: shéanfaidh sibh (You all shine)
  • Siad: shéanfaidh siad (They shine)

16. Tóg (to take):

  • Mé: tógfaidh mé (I take)
  • Tú: tógfaidh tú (You take)
  • Sé/Sí: tógfaidh sé/sí (He/She takes)
  • Sinn: tógfaidh sinn (We take)
  • Sibh: tógfaidh sibh (You all take)
  • Siad: tógfaidh siad (They take)

17. Gníomhaigh (to act):

  • Mé: gníomhaím (I act)
  • Tú: gníomhaíonn tú (You act)
  • Sé/Sí: gníomhaíonn sé/sí (He/She acts)
  • Sinn: gníomhaímid (We act)
  • Sibh: gníomhaíonn sibh (You all act)
  • Siad: gníomhaíonn siad (They act)

18. Dún (to close):

  • Mé: dúnfaidh mé (I close)
  • Tú: dúnfaidh tú (You close)
  • Sé/Sí: dúnfaidh sé/sí (He/She closes)
  • Sinn: dúnfaidh sinn (We close)
  • Sibh: dúnfaidh sibh (You all close)
  • Siad: dúnfaidh siad (They close)

19. Rith (to run):

  • Mé: rithim (I run)
  • Tú: rithíonn tú (You run)
  • Sé/Sí: rithíonn sé/sí (He/She runs)
  • Sinn: rithimid (We run)
  • Sibh: rithíonn sibh (You all run)
  • Siad: rithíonn siad (They run)

20. Gníomh (to act):

  • Mé: gníomhaím (I act)
  • Tú: gníomhaíonn tú (You act)
  • Sé/Sí: gníomhaíonn sé/sí (He/She acts)
  • Sinn: gníomhaímid (We act)
  • Sibh: gníomhaíonn sibh (You all act)
  • Siad: gníomhaíonn siad (They act)

Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that you've learned about irregular verbs and their conjugations, it's time to put your knowledge to the test! Below are exercises designed to help you practice.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb in parentheses.

1. (bí) Mé ________ sásta. (I am happy)

2. (téigh) Tú ________ go dtí an siopa. (You go to the shop)

3. (faigh) Sé ________ an leabhar. (He gets the book)

4. (déan) Sí ________ a cuid obair. (She does her work)

5. (tabhair) Sinn ________ cuireadh. (We give an invitation)

Solutions:

1. táim

2. téann tú

3. faigheann sé

4. déanann sí

5. tugaimid

Exercise 2: Match the Verbs[edit | edit source]

Match the Irish verbs to their English equivalents.

1. Tóg

2. Ith

3. Clois

4. Bris

5. Feic

A. To break

B. To eat

C. To see

D. To take

E. To hear

Solutions:

1-D (Tóg - To take)

2-B (Ith - To eat)

3-E (Clois - To hear)

4-A (Bris - To break)

5-C (Feic - To see)

Exercise 3: Conjugate the Verb[edit | edit source]

Conjugate the following verbs in the present tense for all pronouns.

1. Déan

2. Clois

Solutions:

1.

  • Mé: déanann mé
  • Tú: déanann tú
  • Sé/Sí: déanann sé/sí
  • Sinn: déanann sinn
  • Sibh: déanann sibh
  • Siad: déanann siad

2.

  • Mé: cloisim
  • Tú: cloiseann tú
  • Sé/Sí: cloiseann sé/sí
  • Sinn: cloisimid
  • Sibh: cloiseann sibh
  • Siad: cloiseann siad

Exercise 4: Complete the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Complete the following sentences using the appropriate verb form.

1. (tar) ________ liom chuig an cóisir. (I come to the party)

2. (gníomh) ________ tú go maith. (You act well)

3. (lean) ________ sinn an cosán. (We follow the path)

Solutions:

1. Tagaim

2. Gníomhaíonn

3. Leanfaidh

Exercise 5: Translate to Irish[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Irish.

1. I see the stars.

2. They eat pizza.

3. You are happy.

Solutions:

1. Feicim na réaltaí.

2. Itheann siad pizza.

3. Tá tú sásta.

Exercise 6: Verb Conjugation Challenge[edit | edit source]

Choose one irregular verb and conjugate it for all pronouns, then create a sentence using that verb.

Example Solution:

Verb: Tóg

Conjugation:

  • Mé: tógfaidh mé
  • Tú: tógfaidh tú
  • Sé/Sí: tógfaidh sé/sí
  • Sinn: tógfaidh sinn
  • Sibh: tógfaidh sibh
  • Siad: tógfaidh siad

Sentence: Tógfaidh mé an leabhar seo. (I will take this book.)

Exercise 7: Fill in the Correct Verb[edit | edit source]

Choose the correct irregular verb to complete the sentence.

1. ________ (to go) go dtí an trá. (to the beach)

2. ________ (to hear) an ceol. (the music)

Solutions:

1. Téigh

2. Clois

Exercise 8: Identify the Verb[edit | edit source]

Identify the irregular verb in the following sentences.

1. Tá sé ag rith.

2. Ithim an t-úll.

Solutions:

1. Rith (to run)

2. Ith (to eat)

Exercise 9: Create Your Own Sentences[edit | edit source]

Create sentences using at least five different irregular verbs from today’s lesson.

Example Solution:

  • Déanaim mo chuid obair.
  • Feicim an gairdín.
  • Ithim bricfeasta.
  • Cloisim an scéal.
  • Tarlaíonn sé go minic.

Exercise 10: Classify the Verbs[edit | edit source]

Classify the following verbs into regular and irregular verbs.

1. Bris

2. Dún

3. Scríobh

4. Téigh

5. Ith

Solutions:

  • Irregular: Bris, Dún, Téigh, Ith
  • Regular: Scríobh

As you work through these exercises, you'll find that practice is key to mastering irregular verbs. Take your time, and don't hesitate to revisit the conjugations as needed. Remember, learning a language is a journey, and each step counts!

In conclusion, while irregular verbs may seem intimidating at first, with practice and engagement, you'll find yourself using them with confidence in no time. Keep practicing, and soon enough, you'll be able to express a wide range of ideas and actions in Irish.

Table of Contents - Irish Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Basic Sentence Structure


Numbers and Time


Questions and Answers


Family and Relationships


Possession and Pronouns


Food and Drink


Verb Conjugation


Hobbies and Activities


Adjectives and Adverbs


Travel and Transportation


Prepositions


Weather and Seasons


Irish History and Culture


Irish Literature and Folklore

Videos[edit | edit source]

IRREGULAR VERBS (past tense) in IRISH/ as GAEILGE - YouTube[edit | edit source]

IRISH IRREGULAR VERBS | as Gaeilge (PRESENT TENSE ...[edit | edit source]

Irregular Irish Verbs - How To Ask Questions And Answer Them ...[edit | edit source]



Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]




◀️ Regular Verbs — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Sports and Fitness ▶️

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