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{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Icelandic/Grammar/Common-Prepositions|◀️ Common Prepositions — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Icelandic/Vocabulary/Weather-Vocabulary|Next Lesson — Weather Vocabulary ▶️]]
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{{Icelandic-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Icelandic|Icelandic]]  → [[Language/Icelandic/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Icelandic/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositional Phrases</div>


<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Icelandic|Icelandic]]  → [[Language/Icelandic/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Icelandic/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions → Prepositional Phrases</div>
Welcome to today’s lesson on '''Prepositional Phrases''' in Icelandic! Understanding prepositional phrases is essential for building sentences that express relationships between nouns, pronouns, and other words. As you embark on this path to becoming proficient in Icelandic, mastering these phrases will enrich your ability to communicate effectively.
 
In this lesson, we will explore:
 
* The role of prepositional phrases in sentences
 
* How to form prepositional phrases in Icelandic
 
* Examples to illustrate their usage in everyday conversation
 
* Exercises to reinforce your learning
 
So, let’s dive in!


__TOC__
__TOC__


In this lesson, you will learn how to form and use prepositional phrases in Icelandic to express various relationships between words in a sentence. This lesson assumes that you are already familiar with the most common prepositions in Icelandic, including their meanings, usage, and how they affect the case of the nouns they govern. If you need a refresher on this topic, please refer to the lesson "Common Prepositions" in this course.  
=== The Role of Prepositional Phrases ===
 
Prepositional phrases play a vital role in constructing meaningful sentences. They can indicate:
 
* '''Location''': Where something is.
 
* '''Direction''': Where something is going.
 
* '''Time''': When something happens.
 
* '''Manner''': How something is done.
 
* '''Reason''': Why something happens.
 
In Icelandic, prepositional phrases typically consist of a preposition followed by a noun or pronoun in the appropriate case. The preposition can change the meaning of the sentence significantly, so it's essential to choose the right one.
 
=== Common Prepositions in Icelandic ===
 
Let’s start with some common prepositions that you will frequently encounter. Here’s a list:
 
* '''á''' (on, at)
 
* '''í''' (in, into)
 
* '''frá''' (from)
 
* '''til''' (to, for)
 
* '''með''' (with)
 
* '''um''' (about, around)
 
* '''undir''' (under)
 
* '''yfir''' (over)


== What are prepositional phrases? ==
* '''fyrir''' (for, before)


A prepositional phrase consists of a preposition followed by an object, which can be a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase. The object of the preposition can be further modified by adjectives or other words. Prepositional phrases are used to show how a particular noun or pronoun relates to the rest of the sentence. Some common examples of prepositional phrases in English include "in the house", "on the table", and "with my friend".
* '''á móti''' (against)


In Icelandic, prepositional phrases have a similar structure and function, but with some additional nuances to keep in mind. The most important of these is the fact that Icelandic has a case system, which means that the form of the noun or pronoun in the prepositional phrase may change depending on the preposition and its grammatical relationship to the other words in the sentence. This is something that we will explore in more detail later in the lesson.
=== Forming Prepositional Phrases ===


== Forming prepositional phrases in Icelandic ==
To form a prepositional phrase in Icelandic, follow this simple structure:


To form a prepositional phrase in Icelandic, you need to follow these steps:
'''Preposition + Noun/Pronoun'''


# Choose a preposition that expresses the relationship you want to convey.
For instance, if we take the preposition '''"á"''' (on), we can combine it with the noun '''"borð"''' (table) to form the phrase '''"á borðinu"''' (on the table).
# Identify the object of the preposition, which can be a noun, pronoun, or noun phrase.
# Modify the object of the preposition with any necessary adjectives or other words.
# If the object of the preposition is a noun or pronoun, be sure to use the correct case depending on the preposition's relationship to the rest of the sentence.


Let's look at some examples:
Here are some examples of prepositional phrases:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Icelandic !! Pronunciation !! English
! Icelandic !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| á húsinu || ow (rhymes with "cow") HOO-sih-nu || on the house
 
| á borðinu || [auː ˈpɔrðɪnu] || on the table
 
|-
|-
| með móður sinni || mehth MO-thur SIN-nee || with his/her mother
 
| í herberginu || [iː ˈhɛr̥pɛɾkɪnu] || in the room
 
|-
|-
| í bílnum minn || ee BEEL-nuhm minn || in my car
 
| frá Íslandi || [fraʊ ˈistlantɪ] || from Iceland
 
|-
|-
| fyrir framan manninn || FY-rir FRA-man MUN-nin || in front of the man
|}


In these examples, we can see that the prepositional phrases consist of a preposition (á, með, í, fyrir) and an object (húsinu, móður sinni, bílnum minn, manninn). The object may be a noun (hús, móðir, bíll, maður), a pronoun (sinni), or a noun phrase (manninn). In each case, the object is modified by any necessary adjectives (none in these examples). However, the key difference between these phrases is the case of the object, which changes depending on the preposition's relationship to the rest of the sentence. We'll explore this in more detail in the next section.
| til Reykjavíkur || [tʰɪl ˈreiːkaˌviːkʏr] || to Reykjavík


== Prepositions and case in Icelandic ==
|-


As mentioned earlier, one of the key features of prepositional phrases in Icelandic is the fact that the object of the preposition may change depending on the preposition's relationship to the rest of the sentence. Specifically, the case of the object may change to reflect whether it is the subject, direct object, indirect object, or possessive in the sentence. Here's a quick refresher on these cases:
| með vini || [mɛð ˈvɪnɪ] || with a friend


* Nominative: The case used for the subject of the sentence.
|-
* Accusative: The case used for the direct object of the sentence.
* Dative: The case used for the indirect object of the sentence.
* Genitive: The case used to show possession or relationships between nouns.


The preposition itself does not change to reflect the case of the object; rather, it is the object that changes to match the preposition's relationship to the rest of the sentence. Let's look at some examples to see how this works:
| um veður || [ʏm ˈvɛðʏr] || about the weather


{| class="wikitable"
! Icelandic !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| á húsinu || ow HOO-sih-nu || on the house
 
| hús || hoos || house (nominative)
| undir rúminu || [ˈʏntɪr ˈruːmɪnu] || under the bed
| húsið || HOO-sidh || house (accusative)
 
|-
|-
| með móður sinni || mehth MO-thur SIN-nee || with his/her mother
 
| móðir || MO-thir || mother (nominative)
| yfir fjallið || [ˈɪvɪr ˈfjatl̥ɪð] || over the mountain
| móður || MO-thur || mother (dative)
 
|-
|-
| í bílnum minn || ee BEEL-nuhm minn || in my car
 
| bíll || BEEL-l || car (nominative)
| fyrir þig || [ˈfɪrɪr ˈθɪɡ] || for you
| bíl || BEEL || car (accusative)
 
|-
|-
| fyrir framan manninn || FY-rir FRA-man MUN-nin || in front of the man
 
| maður || MAH-thur || man (nominative)
| á móti þér || [auː ˈmoːtɪ θɛr] || against you
| mann || MUN || man (accusative)
 
|}
|}


In these examples, we can see that the object of the preposition changes depending on whether it is the subject (nominative), direct object (accusative), or indirect object (dative) of the sentence. Additionally, we can see that the form of the noun changes slightly depending on its case. For example, the noun for "house" changes from hús (nominative) to húsið (accusative) in the second example. Similarly, the noun for "car" changes from bíll (nominative) to bíl (accusative) in the third example.  
=== Examples of Prepositional Phrases in Context ===
 
To help you understand how prepositional phrases function within sentences, here are 20 examples in context:
 
1. '''Bókin er á borðinu.''' 
 
''The book is on the table.''
 
2. '''Hún er í herberginu.''' 
 
''She is in the room.''
 
3. '''Við komum frá Íslandi.''' 
 
''We come from Iceland.''
 
4. '''Hann fer til Reykjavíkur.''' 
 
''He is going to Reykjavík.''
 
5. '''Ég er með vini mínum.''' 
 
''I am with my friend.''
 
6. '''Við tölum um veður.''' 
 
''We are talking about the weather.''
 
7. '''Köngulóin er undir rúminu.''' 
 
''The spider is under the bed.''
 
8. '''Hann hljóp yfir fjallið.''' 
 
''He ran over the mountain.''
 
9. '''Hún skrifar fyrir þig.''' 
 
''She is writing for you.''
 
10. '''Bíllinn er á móti þér.''' 
 
''The car is against you.''
 
11. '''Hann er í skólann.''' 
 
''He is in school.''
 
12. '''Kaffið er á borðinu.''' 
 
''The coffee is on the table.''
 
13. '''Hún kemur frá Bandaríkjunum.''' 
 
''She comes from the United States.''
 
14. '''Við ætlum til Íslands.''' 
 
''We are going to Iceland.''
 
15. '''Ég er með fjölskyldunni minni.''' 
 
''I am with my family.''
 
16. '''Hann talar um bókina.''' 
 
''He is talking about the book.''
 
17. '''Hundurinn er undir stólnum.''' 
 
''The dog is under the chair.''
 
18. '''Hún hoppaði yfir lækinn.''' 
 
''She jumped over the creek.''
 
19. '''Hann eldar fyrir vini sína.''' 
 
''He cooks for his friends.''
 
20. '''Hún er á móti því.''' 
 
''She is against it.''
 
=== Practice Exercises ===
 
Now that we’ve explored the intricacies of prepositional phrases, it’s time to practice what you’ve learned. Below are exercises that will help reinforce your understanding.
 
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ====
 
Complete the following sentences with the appropriate prepositions:
 
1. Bókin er ___ borðinu.
 
2. Við komum ___ Íslandi.


It's worth noting that not all prepositions govern the same case. For example, the preposition "til" typically governs the accusative case, while the preposition "í" typically governs the dative case. It's important to learn the correct case for each preposition in order to use prepositional phrases correctly in context.
3. Hún fer ___ Reykjavík.


== Using prepositional phrases in context ==
4. Ég tala ___ veðrið.


Now that we know how to form prepositional phrases in Icelandic and how to use the correct case for the object of the preposition, it's time to learn how to use these phrases in context. Prepositional phrases can be used in a variety of ways in Icelandic, some of which are similar to English and others that may be less familiar. Here are some common uses of prepositional phrases in Icelandic:
5. Hundurinn er ___ rúminu.


* To indicate location or position: "á húsinu" (on the house), "í rúminu" (in the room), "fyrir utan húsið" (outside the house)
''Solutions:''
* To indicate movement or direction: "til baka" (backwards), "að innan" (inside), "eftir leiðinni" (along the way)
* To indicate time or duration: "eftir helgina" (after the weekend), "í þriggja tíma tíma" (in three hours), "í nokkra daga" (in a few days)
* To indicate manner or means: "með hendi" (by hand), "í flugvélinni" (by airplane), "með ökutækinu" (by car)
* To indicate possession or relationship: "af mínum böndum" (from my hands), "til ættingja hans" (to his relatives), "með húsinu sitt" (with his/her house)


It's important to pay attention to the case of the object when using prepositional phrases in context. In some cases, the case may change depending on the verb or other elements in the sentence. For example, if the verb in the sentence requires the dative case, the object of the preposition may need to be in the dative as well. This is something that we will explore in more detail in the next lesson on cases.
1. á


== Practice ==
2. frá


To practice forming and using prepositional phrases in Icelandic, try the following exercises:
3. til


* Create a prepositional phrase for each of the following English phrases: "on the beach", "with your friend", "in front of the library", "by the river"
4. um
* Translate the following Icelandic sentences into English, paying close attention to the prepositional phrases and their cases: "Ég bý í húsi á götu þinni", "Hann kemur aftur til landsins eftir útibúðina", "Kötturinn var á borðinu fyrir framan Guðjóna", "Ég fer heim í dag eftir vinnu"
* Write a short paragraph (3-5 sentences) describing a recent experience or event using at least three different prepositional phrases. Be sure to use the correct cases for the objects of the prepositions.


== Conclusion ==
5. undir


In this lesson, we learned how to form and use prepositional phrases in Icelandic to express various relationships between words in a sentence. We saw how prepositional phrases consist of a preposition and an object, which may need to change depending on the preposition's relationship to the rest of the sentence. We also saw how prepositional phrases can be used to indicate location, movement, time, manner, and possession. Finally, we had some practice exercises to help solidify our understanding of this topic. In the next lesson, we will continue our exploration of the Icelandic case system by focusing on the nominative and accusative cases.
==== Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences ====


{{Icelandic-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
Translate the following sentences from English to Icelandic:
 
1. The cat is on the roof.
 
2. We are going to the store.
 
3. She is with her brother.
 
4. They are talking about the movie.
 
5. The keys are under the sofa.
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Kötturinn er á þakinu.
 
2. Við erum að fara til búðarinnar.
 
3. Hún er með bróður sínum.
 
4. Þeir eru að tala um myndina.
 
5. Lyklarnir eru undir sófanum.
 
==== Exercise 3: Create Your Own Phrases ====
 
Using the following prepositions, create your own sentences:
 
1. í
 
2. yfir
 
3. fyrir
 
4. með
 
5. um
 
''Example Answers:''
 
1. Ég er í skólanum. (I am in school.)
 
2. Hann gengur yfir brúna. (He walks over the bridge.)
 
3. Hún eldar fyrir fjölskylduna. (She cooks for the family.)
 
4. Við erum með hundinn. (We are with the dog.)
 
5. Við erum að ræða um framtíðina. (We are discussing the future.)
 
==== Exercise 4: Identify the Prepositional Phrases ====
 
Identify and underline the prepositional phrases in the following sentences:
 
1. Hann situr við eldhúsið.
 
2. Bókin er í skápnum.
 
3. Þeir fara um bæinn.
 
4. Hún er á ferðalagi.
 
5. Hundurinn liggur undir stólnum.
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. '''við eldhúsið'''
 
2. '''í skápnum'''
 
3. '''um bæinn'''
 
4. '''á ferðalagi'''
 
5. '''undir stólnum'''
 
==== Exercise 5: Match the Prepositions ====
 
Match the Icelandic prepositions to their English equivalents.
 
| Icelandic Preposition | English Preposition |
 
|-----------------------|---------------------|
 
| á                    | 1. for              |
 
| í                    | 2. in              |
 
| frá                  | 3. on              |
 
| til                  | 4. to              |
 
| fyrir                | 5. from            |
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. á - 3. on
 
2. í - 2. in
 
3. frá - 5. from
 
4. til - 4. to
 
5. fyrir - 1. for
 
==== Exercise 6: Complete the Sentences ====
 
Complete the sentences using the correct preposition from the list: (á, í, frá, til, með)
 
1. Ég fer ___ vinnuna.
 
2. Hún kemur ___ Danmörku.
 
3. Hundurinn er ___ garðinum.
 
4. Við erum ___ ströndinni.
 
5. Bókin er ___ hillu.
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. til
 
2. frá
 
3. í
 
4. á
 
5. á
 
==== Exercise 7: Create Dialogues ====
 
Create a short dialogue between two people using at least three prepositional phrases.
 
''Example Dialogue:''
 
A: Hvar er bókin? (Where is the book?)
 
B: Hún er á borðinu. (It is on the table.)
 
A: Hvað ertu að lesa? (What are you reading?)
 
B: Ég er að lesa um Ísland. (I am reading about Iceland.)
 
==== Exercise 8: Rewrite the Sentences ====
 
Rewrite the following sentences by changing the prepositional phrase:
 
1. Bókin er á borðinu. (Change "á borðinu" to "í skápnum.")
 
2. Við erum í bílnum. (Change "í bílnum" to "undir tré.")
 
3. Hún fer til Reykjavíkur. (Change "til Reykjavíkur" to "frá Íslandi.")
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Bókin er í skápnum.
 
2. Við erum undir tré.
 
3. Hún fer frá Íslandi.
 
==== Exercise 9: Multiple Choice ====
 
Choose the correct preposition to complete the sentence:
 
1. Hún er ___ vinnunni. 
 
a) á 
 
b) í 
 
c) frá 
 
2. Við tölum ___ ferðalaginu. 
 
a) um 
 
b) til 
 
c) fyrir 
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. b) í
 
2. a) um
 
==== Exercise 10: Discuss in Pairs ====
 
Discuss with a partner using sentences that include prepositional phrases.
 
''Example Prompt:''
 
Talk about your favorite place using at least three prepositional phrases.
 
As you can see, understanding prepositional phrases is crucial for expressing complex ideas and relationships in Icelandic. By practicing these exercises, you will build confidence in your language skills and enhance your ability to communicate effectively.
 
Congratulations on completing this lesson! Keep practicing, and soon you’ll find that using prepositional phrases becomes second nature!
 
{{#seo:
 
|title=Icelandic Grammar: Prepositional Phrases
 
|keywords=Icelandic, prepositional phrases, grammar, language learning, beginner Icelandic
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to form and use prepositional phrases in Icelandic to express various relationships between words in a sentence.
 
}}
 
{{Template:Icelandic-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}


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[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Icelandic-0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Icelandic-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo></span> <span temperature=1></span>
<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
 
==Sources==
* [https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/nordic-journal-of-linguistics/article/prepositional-phrases-and-case-in-north-american-heritage-icelandic/F6AA8730CB183B229AB54CC84A7E46CE Prepositional phrases and case in North American (heritage) Icelandic]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Icelandic_grammar Icelandic grammar - Wikipedia]




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* [[Language/Icelandic/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Icelandic/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Icelandic/Grammar/Definite-Article|Definite Article]]
* [[Language/Icelandic/Grammar/Definite-Article|Definite Article]]


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<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Icelandic/Grammar/Common-Prepositions|◀️ Common Prepositions — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Icelandic/Vocabulary/Weather-Vocabulary|Next Lesson — Weather Vocabulary ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 09:06, 2 August 2024

◀️ Common Prepositions — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Weather Vocabulary ▶️

Icelandic-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Icelandic → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Prepositional Phrases

Welcome to today’s lesson on Prepositional Phrases in Icelandic! Understanding prepositional phrases is essential for building sentences that express relationships between nouns, pronouns, and other words. As you embark on this path to becoming proficient in Icelandic, mastering these phrases will enrich your ability to communicate effectively.

In this lesson, we will explore:

  • The role of prepositional phrases in sentences
  • How to form prepositional phrases in Icelandic
  • Examples to illustrate their usage in everyday conversation
  • Exercises to reinforce your learning

So, let’s dive in!

The Role of Prepositional Phrases[edit | edit source]

Prepositional phrases play a vital role in constructing meaningful sentences. They can indicate:

  • Location: Where something is.
  • Direction: Where something is going.
  • Time: When something happens.
  • Manner: How something is done.
  • Reason: Why something happens.

In Icelandic, prepositional phrases typically consist of a preposition followed by a noun or pronoun in the appropriate case. The preposition can change the meaning of the sentence significantly, so it's essential to choose the right one.

Common Prepositions in Icelandic[edit | edit source]

Let’s start with some common prepositions that you will frequently encounter. Here’s a list:

  • á (on, at)
  • í (in, into)
  • frá (from)
  • til (to, for)
  • með (with)
  • um (about, around)
  • undir (under)
  • yfir (over)
  • fyrir (for, before)
  • á móti (against)

Forming Prepositional Phrases[edit | edit source]

To form a prepositional phrase in Icelandic, follow this simple structure:

Preposition + Noun/Pronoun

For instance, if we take the preposition "á" (on), we can combine it with the noun "borð" (table) to form the phrase "á borðinu" (on the table).

Here are some examples of prepositional phrases:

Icelandic Pronunciation English
á borðinu [auː ˈpɔrðɪnu] on the table
í herberginu [iː ˈhɛr̥pɛɾkɪnu] in the room
frá Íslandi [fraʊ ˈistlantɪ] from Iceland
til Reykjavíkur [tʰɪl ˈreiːkaˌviːkʏr] to Reykjavík
með vini [mɛð ˈvɪnɪ] with a friend
um veður [ʏm ˈvɛðʏr] about the weather
undir rúminu [ˈʏntɪr ˈruːmɪnu] under the bed
yfir fjallið [ˈɪvɪr ˈfjatl̥ɪð] over the mountain
fyrir þig [ˈfɪrɪr ˈθɪɡ] for you
á móti þér [auː ˈmoːtɪ θɛr] against you

Examples of Prepositional Phrases in Context[edit | edit source]

To help you understand how prepositional phrases function within sentences, here are 20 examples in context:

1. Bókin er á borðinu.

The book is on the table.

2. Hún er í herberginu.

She is in the room.

3. Við komum frá Íslandi.

We come from Iceland.

4. Hann fer til Reykjavíkur.

He is going to Reykjavík.

5. Ég er með vini mínum.

I am with my friend.

6. Við tölum um veður.

We are talking about the weather.

7. Köngulóin er undir rúminu.

The spider is under the bed.

8. Hann hljóp yfir fjallið.

He ran over the mountain.

9. Hún skrifar fyrir þig.

She is writing for you.

10. Bíllinn er á móti þér.

The car is against you.

11. Hann er í skólann.

He is in school.

12. Kaffið er á borðinu.

The coffee is on the table.

13. Hún kemur frá Bandaríkjunum.

She comes from the United States.

14. Við ætlum til Íslands.

We are going to Iceland.

15. Ég er með fjölskyldunni minni.

I am with my family.

16. Hann talar um bókina.

He is talking about the book.

17. Hundurinn er undir stólnum.

The dog is under the chair.

18. Hún hoppaði yfir lækinn.

She jumped over the creek.

19. Hann eldar fyrir vini sína.

He cooks for his friends.

20. Hún er á móti því.

She is against it.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that we’ve explored the intricacies of prepositional phrases, it’s time to practice what you’ve learned. Below are exercises that will help reinforce your understanding.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the following sentences with the appropriate prepositions:

1. Bókin er ___ borðinu.

2. Við komum ___ Íslandi.

3. Hún fer ___ Reykjavík.

4. Ég tala ___ veðrið.

5. Hundurinn er ___ rúminu.

Solutions:

1. á

2. frá

3. til

4. um

5. undir

Exercise 2: Translate the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences from English to Icelandic:

1. The cat is on the roof.

2. We are going to the store.

3. She is with her brother.

4. They are talking about the movie.

5. The keys are under the sofa.

Solutions:

1. Kötturinn er á þakinu.

2. Við erum að fara til búðarinnar.

3. Hún er með bróður sínum.

4. Þeir eru að tala um myndina.

5. Lyklarnir eru undir sófanum.

Exercise 3: Create Your Own Phrases[edit | edit source]

Using the following prepositions, create your own sentences:

1. í

2. yfir

3. fyrir

4. með

5. um

Example Answers:

1. Ég er í skólanum. (I am in school.)

2. Hann gengur yfir brúna. (He walks over the bridge.)

3. Hún eldar fyrir fjölskylduna. (She cooks for the family.)

4. Við erum með hundinn. (We are with the dog.)

5. Við erum að ræða um framtíðina. (We are discussing the future.)

Exercise 4: Identify the Prepositional Phrases[edit | edit source]

Identify and underline the prepositional phrases in the following sentences:

1. Hann situr við eldhúsið.

2. Bókin er í skápnum.

3. Þeir fara um bæinn.

4. Hún er á ferðalagi.

5. Hundurinn liggur undir stólnum.

Solutions:

1. við eldhúsið

2. í skápnum

3. um bæinn

4. á ferðalagi

5. undir stólnum

Exercise 5: Match the Prepositions[edit | edit source]

Match the Icelandic prepositions to their English equivalents.

| Icelandic Preposition | English Preposition |

|-----------------------|---------------------|

| á | 1. for |

| í | 2. in |

| frá | 3. on |

| til | 4. to |

| fyrir | 5. from |

Solutions:

1. á - 3. on

2. í - 2. in

3. frá - 5. from

4. til - 4. to

5. fyrir - 1. for

Exercise 6: Complete the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences using the correct preposition from the list: (á, í, frá, til, með)

1. Ég fer ___ vinnuna.

2. Hún kemur ___ Danmörku.

3. Hundurinn er ___ garðinum.

4. Við erum ___ ströndinni.

5. Bókin er ___ hillu.

Solutions:

1. til

2. frá

3. í

4. á

5. á

Exercise 7: Create Dialogues[edit | edit source]

Create a short dialogue between two people using at least three prepositional phrases.

Example Dialogue:

A: Hvar er bókin? (Where is the book?)

B: Hún er á borðinu. (It is on the table.)

A: Hvað ertu að lesa? (What are you reading?)

B: Ég er að lesa um Ísland. (I am reading about Iceland.)

Exercise 8: Rewrite the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Rewrite the following sentences by changing the prepositional phrase:

1. Bókin er á borðinu. (Change "á borðinu" to "í skápnum.")

2. Við erum í bílnum. (Change "í bílnum" to "undir tré.")

3. Hún fer til Reykjavíkur. (Change "til Reykjavíkur" to "frá Íslandi.")

Solutions:

1. Bókin er í skápnum.

2. Við erum undir tré.

3. Hún fer frá Íslandi.

Exercise 9: Multiple Choice[edit | edit source]

Choose the correct preposition to complete the sentence:

1. Hún er ___ vinnunni.

a) á

b) í

c) frá

2. Við tölum ___ ferðalaginu.

a) um

b) til

c) fyrir

Solutions:

1. b) í

2. a) um

Exercise 10: Discuss in Pairs[edit | edit source]

Discuss with a partner using sentences that include prepositional phrases.

Example Prompt:

Talk about your favorite place using at least three prepositional phrases.

As you can see, understanding prepositional phrases is crucial for expressing complex ideas and relationships in Icelandic. By practicing these exercises, you will build confidence in your language skills and enhance your ability to communicate effectively.

Congratulations on completing this lesson! Keep practicing, and soon you’ll find that using prepositional phrases becomes second nature!

Table of Contents - Icelandic Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Pronouns and Articles


Numbers and Time


Present Tense Verbs


Everyday Activities


Adjectives and Adverbs


Food and Dining


Questions and Negation


Travel and Transportation


Prepositions


Weather and Seasons


Icelandic Culture and Traditions

Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]




◀️ Common Prepositions — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Weather Vocabulary ▶️

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