Language/Iranian-persian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have

Iranian Persian Grammar - How to Use "Have"

Hi Iranian Persian learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will learn how to use "have" in Iranian Persian. "Have" is a very important verb because it is used to indicate possession or ownership. We will also learn how to use "have" in different tenses and with different pronouns.

After mastering this lesson, these related pages might interest you: Lesson 22: Complex sentences and ..., Conditional Mood, Comaratives and Superlatives & Less.

Possession with "Have"

"Have" is used to indicate possession or ownership in Iranian Persian. It is very similar to the English language. Let's look at some examples below:

Iranian Persian	Pronunciation	English
من یک خانه دارم.	man yek khaneh dar-am.	I have a house.
تو چند ماشین داری؟	to chand mashin dāri?	How many cars do you have?
او یک کتابخانه ای بزرگ دارد.	u yek ketāb-khāne-ye bozorg dārad.	He/She has a big library.
ما یک باغ داریم.	mā yek bāgh dārim.	We have a garden.
شما چند پست الکترونیکی دارید؟	shomā chand post-e elektroniki dārid?	How many emails do you have?
آنها یک رستوران دارند.	ānhā yek restorān dārand.	They have a restaurant.

As you can see, "have" in Iranian Persian is conjugated according to the subject of the sentence. Also, notice that the word "یک" (yek) means "one" and is used to indicate the number of the possessed object. It is optional and can be omitted if the quantity is already clear.

Present Tense

In Iranian Persian, we can use "have" in the present tense to talk about possession in the current moment. Let's look at some examples:

Iranian Persian	Pronunciation	English
من یک پرنده دارم.	man yek parandeh dāram.	I have a bird.
تو یک ماشین داری.	to yek mashin dāri.	You have a car.
او یک خانه دارد.	u yek khaneh dārad.	He/She has a house.
ما یک فروشگاه داریم.	mā yek forushgāh dārim.	We have a store.
شما یک رستوران دارید.	shomā yek restorān dārid.	You have a restaurant.
آنها یک باغ دارند.	ānhā yek bāgh dārand.	They have a garden.

In the present tense, we conjugate "have" by adding the appropriate endings to the verb stem "dār-".

Past Tense

In Iranian Persian, we use the past tense of "have" to talk about possession in the past. Let's look at some examples:

Iranian Persian	Pronunciation	English
من یک پرنده داشتم.	man yek parandeh dāsht-am.	I had a bird.
تو یک ماشین داشتی.	to yek mashin dāshti.	You had a car.
او یک خانه داشت.	u yek khaneh dāsht.	He/She had a house.
ما دفتری داشتیم.	mā daftar-i dāsht-īm.	We had an office.
شما یک لپ تاپ داشتید.	shomā yek laptop dāsht-īd.	You had a laptop.
آنها یک باغ داشتند.	ānhā yek bāgh dāsht-and.	They had a garden.

In the past tense, we conjugate "have" by replacing the ending "-am" with "-tasht" for first person singular, "-ti" for second person singular, and "-d" for third person singular. For plural subjects, we add the appropriate noun ending.

Future Tense

In Iranian Persian, we use the future tense of "have" to talk about possession in the future. Let's look at some examples:

Iranian Persian	Pronunciation	English
من یک پرنده خواهم داشت.	man yek parandeh khāham dāsht.	I will have a bird.
تو یک ماشین خواهی داشت.	to yek mashin khāh-i dāsht.	You will have a car.
او یک خانه خواهد داشت.	u yek khaneh khāhad dāsht.	He/She will have a house.
ما فروشگاهی خواهیم داشت.	mā forushgāh-i khāhim dāsht.	We will have a store.
شما یک رستوران خواهید داشت.	shomā yek restorān khāh-id dāsht.	You will have a restaurant.
آنها یک باغ خواهند داشت.	ānhā yek bāgh khāhand dāsht.	They will have a garden.

In the future tense, we use the auxiliary verb "khāhad" followed by the verb stem "dār-".

Practice Dialogue

• Person 1: آیا تو یک خانه داری؟ (āyā to yek khaneh dāri?) (Do you have a house?)
• Person 2: بله، یک خانه دارم. (baleh, yek khaneh dāram.) (Yes, I have a house.)

• Person 1: آیا ماشین دارید؟ (āyā māshin dārid?) (Do you have a car?)
• Person 2: بله، یک ماشین دارم. (baleh, yek mashin dāram.) (Yes, I have a car.)

• Person 1: چند کتاب داری؟ (chand ketāb dāri?) (How many books do you have?)
• Person 2: یک کتاب دارم. (yek ketāb dāram.) (I have one book.)

• Person 1: آیا شما پست الکترونیکی دارید؟ (āyā shomā post-e elektroniki dārid?) (Do you have an email?)
• Person 2: بله، یک پست الکترونیکی دارم. (baleh, yek post-e elektroniki dāram.) (Yes, I have an email.)

• Person 1: آنها دفتری دارند؟ (ānhā daftari dārand?) (Do they have an office?)
• Person 2: بله، یک دفتری دارند. (baleh, yek daftari dārand.) (Yes, they have an office.)

Conclusion

In this lesson, we have learned how to use "have" in Iranian Persian to talk about possession or ownership. We have seen that the verb is conjugated according to the subject and can be used in different tenses. You can use the Polyglot Club website to find native speakers and practice your Iranian Persian skills. Don't be afraid to ask them any questions! Also, if you want to improve your Iranian Persian Grammar, check out our grammar page.

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Congratulations on finishing this lesson! Explore these related pages to keep learning: Formal and informal, Future Tense, Prepositions & Most commonly used Adjective.