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<div class="pg_page_title">Welsh Grammar - How to Use "Be"</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">Welsh Grammar - How to Use "Be"</div>
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/welsh Welsh] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will learn how to use the verb "be" in Welsh. We will look at the different forms of the verb and how to use them in sentences. __TOC__


== Present Tense ==
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/welsh Welsh] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, you will learn how to use the verb "be" in Welsh. Using "be" is essential to form sentences in Welsh, and mastering it will help you become more fluent in the language. We will cover the basic rules and provide examples to illustrate them. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to use "be" correctly in Welsh sentences. Let's get started!
The present tense of the verb "be" is ''bod''. It is used to talk about things that are happening now or in the near future.
 
__TOC__
 
 
<span link>Don't miss the chance to check out these pages as you wrap up this lesson: [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]] & [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]].</span>
== "Be" in Welsh ==
 
"Be" is the verb that denotes existence, identity, and state of being in Welsh. It is usually translated into English as "am," "is," or "are." Its forms are irregular and need to be learnt by heart. Here is a table that shows how "be" is conjugated in Welsh:


=== Examples ===
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Welsh !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
! Welsh !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
| Ydw || /ʊd/ || Am/was/are
|-
| Dw i'n || /duː ɪn/ || I am
|-
| Ti'n || /tiːn/ || You are
|-
| Mae hi'n || /maɪ hin/ || She is
|-
| Mae e'n || /maɪ en/ || He is
|-
|-
| Mae hi'n || /maɪ hin/ || It is
| Wyt || /wɪt/ || Are/were
|-
|-
| Maen nhw'n || /maɪn nhʊn/ || They are
| Mae || /maɪ/ || Is/was/are/were
|}
|}


* Person 1: Dw i'n mynd i'r sinema. (/duː ɪn mənd ɪr ˈsɪnəmə/) (I'm going to the cinema.)  
== Examples ==
* Person 2: Dw i'n meddwl y bydd hi'n hwyliog. (/duː ɪn ˈmɛðʊl ə bɪð hin ˈhʊəljɔg/) (I think it will be fun.)
 
Here are some examples of how "be" is used in Welsh:
 
Person 1: Dych chi'n hapus? (Are you happy?)
Person 2: Ydw. (Yes, I am.)


== Past Tense ==
Person 1: Ble mae'r bwced? (Where is the bucket?)
The past tense of the verb "be" is ''roedd''. It is used to talk about things that happened in the past.  
Person 2: Mae yn yr ardd. (It is in the garden.)


=== Examples ===
Person 1: Wyt ti'n dysgu Cymraeg? (Are you learning Welsh?)
{| class="wikitable"
Person 2: Na, dw i ddim. (No, I am not.)
|-
 
! Welsh !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
== Negative Sentences ==
|-
 
| Roeddwn i'n || /rɔɪdʊn ɪn/ || I was
To make a negative sentence in Welsh, "nid" is added to "ydw," "wyt," or "mae." For example:
|-
 
| Roeddit ti'n || /rɔɪdɪt tiːn/ || You were
Person 1: Dych chi wedi gweld y ffilm? (Have you seen the movie?)
|-
Person 2: Nid ydw i wedi ei weld. (No, I have not seen it.)
| Roedd hi'n || /rɔɪd hin/ || She was
 
|-
Person 1: Wyt ti'n mwynhau darllen? (Do you enjoy reading?)
| Roedd e'n || /rɔɪd en/ || He was
Person 2: Nid wyf i'n mwynhau darllen yn aml. (I do not enjoy reading often.)
|-
 
| Roedd hi'n || /rɔɪd hin/ || It was
== Questions ==
|-
 
| Roedden nhw'n || /rɔɪdən nhʊn/ || They were
To form a question in Welsh, the word order is typically switched around, and the verb comes first. For example:
|}
 
Person 1: Rai o’ch chi yn hoffi? (What do you like?)
Person 2: Dwi'n hoffi coffi ac amser hamdden. (I like coffee and leisure time.)
 
Person 1: Oes eisiau i chi helpu? (Do you need help?)
Person 2: Na, diolch. (No, thanks.)


* Person 1: Roeddwn i'n mynd i'r sinema. (/rɔɪdʊn ɪn mənd ɪr ˈsɪnəmə/) (I was going to the cinema.)
== Soft Mutation ==
* Person 2: Roeddit ti'n meddwl y byddai hi'n hwyliog. (/rɔɪdɪt tiːn ˈmɛðʊl ə bɪð maɪ hin ˈhʊəljɔg/) (You thought it would be fun.)


== Future Tense ==
In Welsh, the word following the verb "be" will undergo soft mutation in certain situations, such as:
The future tense of the verb "be" is ''bydd''. It is used to talk about things that will happen in the future.


=== Examples ===
- After the negative particle "nid": nid ydw i'n hapus (I am not happy)
{| class="wikitable"
- When using the word "yn" to connect the subject and the predicate: Dych chi'n siarad Cymraeg (You speak Welsh)
|-
- When using "mae" to express "there is/are" or equivalents. Mae adar yn yr ardd (There are birds in the garden)
! Welsh !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| Byddwn i'n || /bədʊn ɪn/ || I will be
|-
| Byddit ti'n || /bədɪt tiːn/ || You will be
|-
| Bydd hi'n || /bəd hin/ || She will be
|-
| Bydd e'n || /bəd en/ || He will be
|-
| Bydd hi'n || /bəd hin/ || It will be
|-
| Bydden nhw'n || /bədən nhʊn/ || They will be
|}


* Person 1: Byddwn i'n mynd i'r sinema. (/bədʊn ɪn mənd ɪr ˈsɪnəmə/) (I will be going to the cinema.)
The mutations can change the initial consonant of the word, or add an initial "h" sound.
* Person 2: Byddit ti'n meddwl y bydd hi'n hwyliog. (/bədɪt tiːn ˈmɛðʊl ə bɪð hin ˈhʊəljɔg/) (You will think it will be fun.)


== Conclusion ==
== Conclusion ==
Now you know how to use the verb "be" in Welsh. To improve your [[Language/Welsh|Welsh]] [[Language/Welsh/Grammar|Grammar]], you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=141 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/welsh/question questions]!


Using the verb "be" correctly is essential for anyone learning Welsh [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=141 to communicate in Welsh with native speakers]. The rules can seem complex, but with practice and exposure, you will become more proficient in using "be" correctly. If you want to learn more about Welsh [https://polyglotclub.com/language/welsh/Grammar grammar], check out the resources available on Polyglot Club. Thank you for completing this lesson! 😊
<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
<span link>Great work on completing this lesson! Take a moment to investigate these connected pages: [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]] & [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/Negation|Negation]].</span>
{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Welsh Grammar - How to Use "Be"
|title=Welsh Grammar - How to Use "Be"
|keywords=welsh, grammar, be, present, past, future, tense, examples, pronunciation, translation
|keywords=Welsh grammar, be, conjugation, negative sentences, questions, soft mutation
|description=In this lesson, we will learn how to use the verb "be" in Welsh. We will look at the different forms of the verb and how to use them in sentences.
|description=In this Welsh Grammar lesson, you will learn how to use the verb "be" in Welsh, including conjugation, negative sentences, questions, and soft mutation. Read on to improve your Welsh!
}}
}}


<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
==Other Lessons==
 
* [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
 
* [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
==Related Lessons==
* [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
* [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
* [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
* [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/The-article|The article]]
* [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/The-article|The article]]
 
* [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
<span class='maj'></span>
* [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
==Sources==
* [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [https://www.bbc.co.uk/wales/learnwelsh/pdf/welshgrammar_allrules.pdf SOME BASIC RULES OF WELSH GRAMMAR Cynnwys - Contents ...]
* [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Welsh_grammar Welsh grammar - Wikipedia]
* [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [https://codecs.vanhamel.nl/Ball_1988b4 Ball, Martin J., “Variation in grammar”, in The use of Welsh (1988 ...]


{{Welsh-Page-Bottom}}
{{Welsh-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Latest revision as of 22:18, 27 March 2023

Welsh-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Welsh Grammar - How to Use "Be"

Hi Welsh learners! 😊
In this lesson, you will learn how to use the verb "be" in Welsh. Using "be" is essential to form sentences in Welsh, and mastering it will help you become more fluent in the language. We will cover the basic rules and provide examples to illustrate them. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to use "be" correctly in Welsh sentences. Let's get started!


Don't miss the chance to check out these pages as you wrap up this lesson: Plurals & Adjectives.

"Be" in Welsh[edit | edit source]

"Be" is the verb that denotes existence, identity, and state of being in Welsh. It is usually translated into English as "am," "is," or "are." Its forms are irregular and need to be learnt by heart. Here is a table that shows how "be" is conjugated in Welsh:

Welsh Pronunciation English
Ydw /ʊd/ Am/was/are
Wyt /wɪt/ Are/were
Mae /maɪ/ Is/was/are/were

Examples[edit | edit source]

Here are some examples of how "be" is used in Welsh:

Person 1: Dych chi'n hapus? (Are you happy?) Person 2: Ydw. (Yes, I am.)

Person 1: Ble mae'r bwced? (Where is the bucket?) Person 2: Mae yn yr ardd. (It is in the garden.)

Person 1: Wyt ti'n dysgu Cymraeg? (Are you learning Welsh?) Person 2: Na, dw i ddim. (No, I am not.)

Negative Sentences[edit | edit source]

To make a negative sentence in Welsh, "nid" is added to "ydw," "wyt," or "mae." For example:

Person 1: Dych chi wedi gweld y ffilm? (Have you seen the movie?) Person 2: Nid ydw i wedi ei weld. (No, I have not seen it.)

Person 1: Wyt ti'n mwynhau darllen? (Do you enjoy reading?) Person 2: Nid wyf i'n mwynhau darllen yn aml. (I do not enjoy reading often.)

Questions[edit | edit source]

To form a question in Welsh, the word order is typically switched around, and the verb comes first. For example:

Person 1: Rai o’ch chi yn hoffi? (What do you like?) Person 2: Dwi'n hoffi coffi ac amser hamdden. (I like coffee and leisure time.)

Person 1: Oes eisiau i chi helpu? (Do you need help?) Person 2: Na, diolch. (No, thanks.)

Soft Mutation[edit | edit source]

In Welsh, the word following the verb "be" will undergo soft mutation in certain situations, such as:

- After the negative particle "nid": nid ydw i'n hapus (I am not happy) - When using the word "yn" to connect the subject and the predicate: Dych chi'n siarad Cymraeg (You speak Welsh) - When using "mae" to express "there is/are" or equivalents. Mae adar yn yr ardd (There are birds in the garden)

The mutations can change the initial consonant of the word, or add an initial "h" sound.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Using the verb "be" correctly is essential for anyone learning Welsh to communicate in Welsh with native speakers. The rules can seem complex, but with practice and exposure, you will become more proficient in using "be" correctly. If you want to learn more about Welsh grammar, check out the resources available on Polyglot Club. Thank you for completing this lesson! 😊

➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎


Great work on completing this lesson! Take a moment to investigate these connected pages: Give your Opinion & Negation.

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

Sources[edit | edit source]


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