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=                                                             '''Hello!''' =
[[File:Cases in Russian.png|alt=Cases in Russian|thumb|Cases in Russian]]
Hi Russian learners,


= There are six cases in Russian language: =
There are 6 cases in Russian.


=== '''1.Nominative case''' ===
They give all the possible endings of words for all the functions they can have in the sentence, according to their genre and according to their number.


=== '''Именительный падеж''' [imenitel'nyy padezh] ===
With this lesson behind you, consider expanding your knowledge with these additional resources: [[Language/Russian/Grammar/Genitive-Case|Russian Grammar → Russian Nouns and Gender → Genitive Case ...]], [[Language/Russian/Grammar/Use-of-the-verb-%D0%B1%D1%8B%D1%82%D1%8C-in-the-past|Use of the verb быть in the past]], [[Language/Russian/Grammar/Pronunciation-Rules|Pronunciation Rules]] & [[Language/Russian/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]].
==Nominative Case==
The nominative case answers the questions кто/что, meaning who/what, and identifies the subject of a sentence. The nominative case exists in English, too.
 
In Russian dictionaries, all nouns are given in the nominative case.
 
Examples:
 
*Наташа сказала, что приедет попозже.
*Translation: Natasha said that she would come over later.
 
*Собака бежала по улице, виляя хвостом.
*Translation: The dog was running down the street, wagging its tail.
 
==Genitive Case==
The genitive case answers the questions кого, meaning "whom" or "of whom," and чего, which means "what" or "of what." It shows possession, attribution, or absence (who, what, whose, or what/who is absent).
 
It also answers the question откуда —from where.
 
Examples:
 
*У меня нет ни тетради, ни ручки.
*I have neither a notebook nor a pen.
 
тетрадь - "a notebook" - becomes тетради - (absence of) a notebook
ручка - "a pen" - becomes ручки - (absence of) a pen
 
*Я достала из сумки книгу.
*I took out a book out of the bag.
 
сумка (SOOMka) - "a bag" - becomes сумки - out of the bag.
 
==Dative Case==
The dative case answers the questions кому/чему – to whom/(to) what, and shows that something is given or addressed to the object.


=== It`s answers the questions: WHO? WHAT? ===
Examples:
Examples:


Собака бегает. [Sobaka begayet]  Карандаш лежит. [Karandash lezhit]
*Я повернулся к человеку, который стоял справа от меня.
*I turned to the person/man who was standing on my right.


Кто? - Собака [Kto? - Sobaka]      Что? - Карандаш [Shto? - Karandash]
человек (chelaVYEK) - "a man/a person" becomes человеку - "to a man/to a person."


=== 2.Genitive case ===
==Accusative Case==
The accusative case answers the questions кого/что – whom/what, and куда – where.


=== Родительный падеж [roditel'nyy padezh] ===
Its equivalent in English is the accusative, or objective, case (him, her).


=== It`s answers the questions: no who? no what? ===
Examples:
Examples:


Я люблю собак [Ya lyublyu sobak]  Я люблю комиксы [Ya lyublyu komiksy]
*Я покупаю новый телефон.
*I am buying a new phone.
 
телефон - "a phone" - remains the same.
 
*Какую книгу ты сейчас читаешь?
*Translation: What book are you reading right now?
 
==Instrumental Case==
Answers the questions кем/чем – with whom/with what.
 
This case shows which instrument is used to do or make something, or with whom/with the help of what an action is completed. It can also be used to talk about something that you are interested in.
 
Example:
 
*Иван интересуется китайской культурой.
*Ivan is interested in Chinese culture.
 
==Prepositional Case==
Answers the questions о ком/о чем – about whom/about what, and the question где – where.
 
Example:
*Я постараюсь проснуться на рассвете.
*Translation: I will try to wake up at dawn.
 
== Other examples ==
 
=== '''NOMINATIVE (OBJECTIVE)''' ===
{| class="wikitable"
|'''Word is in the beginning of the phrase, simple phrase. The object that does something'''
|-
|'''Palavra no início da frase, frase simple'''
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!<big>'''ENGLISH'''</big>
!<big>'''PRONUNCIATION'''</big>
'''<big>ENGLISH</big>'''
!'''<big>RUSSIAN</big>'''
!'''<big>PRONUNCIATION</big>'''
'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
 
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
!'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|The student 
 
reads
|'''''ou cheh nihk'''''
 
'''''chih tah iht'''''
|'''<big>YЧEHИK</big>'''
 
'''<big>ЧИTAET</big>'''
|'''''u tche ník '''''
 
'''''tchi ta ít'''''
|O aluno 
 
lê
|-
|The guide paid 
 
yesterday
|'''''giht  fcheh rah'''''
 
'''''zah plah tihl'''''
|'''ГИД  ВЧЕРА '''
 
'''ЗAПЛATИЛ'''
|'''''guít  ftche rá  '''''
 
'''''za pla tíL'''''
|O guia  pagou 
 
ontem
|-
|The shop  
 
is  open
|'''''mah gah zihn  '''''
 
'''''aht kruh tih'''''
|'''MAГAЗИH  '''
 
'''OTKPЫTЫЙ'''
|'''''ma ga zín  '''''
 
'''''at krâ ti'''''
|A  loja  está  
 
aberta
|}
 
=== '''DATIVE''' ===
{| class="wikitable"
|'''For  (something)  or  (somebody)'''
|-
|'''Para  (alguma coisa) ou (alguem)'''
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!<big>'''ENGLISH'''</big>
!<big>'''PRONUNCIATION'''</big>
'''<big>ENGLISH</big>'''
!'''<big>RUSSIAN</big>'''
!'''<big>PRONUNCIATION</big>'''
'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
 
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
!'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|For one house
|'''''kuh ahd nah mou'''''
 
'''''doh mou'''''
|'''К ОДНОМУ'''
 
'''ДОМУ'''
|'''''kâ adnamú'''''
 
'''''dômu'''''
|para uma casa
|-
|For the house
|'''''kuh'''''
 
'''''dah mou'''''
|'''К '''
 
'''ДОМУ'''
|'''''kâ'''''
 
'''''damú'''''
|para a casa
|-
|For some houses
|'''''kuh nih kah tah rah  mou'''''
 
'''''doh mou'''''
|'''К НЕКОТОРОМУ'''
 
'''ДОМУ'''
|'''''kâ nikataramú'''''
 
'''''dômu'''''
|para algumas casas
|-
|For the houses
|'''''kuh'''''
 
'''''doh mahm'''''
|'''К'''
 
'''ДОМАМ'''
|'''''kâ'''''
 
'''''dômam'''''
|para as casas
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|For one man
|'''''kuh ahd nah mou'''''
 
'''''tchih lah vyeh kou'''''
|'''К ОДНОМУ''' 
 
'''ЧЕЛОВЕКУ'''
|'''''kâ adnamú'''''
 
'''''tchilaviêku'''''
|para um homem
|-
|For the man
|'''''kuh'''''
 
'''''chih lah vyeh kou'''''
|'''К'''
 
'''ЧЕЛОВЕКУ'''
|'''''kâ'''''
 
'''''tchilaviêku'''''
|para o homem
|-
|For some men
|'''''kuh nih kah tah rah  mou'''''
 
'''''mouh zhih chih nahm'''''
|'''К НЕКОТОРОМУ''' 
 
'''МУЖЧИНАМ'''
|'''''kâ nikataramú'''''
 
'''''mujitchinám'''''
|para alguns homens
|-
|For the men
|'''''kuh'''''
 
'''''mouh zhih chih nahm'''''
|'''К'''
 
'''МУЖЧИНАМ'''
|'''''kâ'''''
 
'''''mujitchinam'''''
|para os homens
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|I WILL 
 
GO TO 
 
THE BEACH
|'''''yah pie dou'''''
 
'''''kuh  '''''
 
'''''plyah zhou'''''
|'''Я ПОЙДУ '''
 
'''К '''
 
'''ПЛЯЖУ'''
|'''''iá paidú '''''
 
'''''kâ '''''
 
'''''pliajú'''''
|EU IREI 
 
À 
 
PRAIA
|}
 
=== '''ACCUSATIVE''' ===
{| class="wikitable"
|'''Somebody or something  at the  end of the phrase'''
|-
|'''Alguém ou alguma coisa no final da frase'''
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!<big>'''ENGLISH'''</big>
!<big>'''PRONUNCIATION'''</big>
'''<big>ENGLISH</big>'''
!'''<big>RUSSIAN</big>'''
!'''<big>PRONUNCIATION</big>'''
'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
 
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
!'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|DID YOU SEE
 
THIS  LUGGAGE ?
|''''' vuh vih dyeh lih'''''
 
'''''eh taht bah  gahsh ?'''''
|'''ВЫ ВИДЕЛИ'''
 
'''ЭТОТ БАГАЖ ?'''
|'''''vâ vi diê li '''''
 
'''''etát ba gash ?'''''
|VOCÊ  VIU
 
ESSA BAGAGEM ?
|-
|I SEE 
 
THE CAR
|'''''yah vih zhouh'''''
 
'''''mah shih nou'''''
|'''Я ВИЖУ'''
 
'''МАШИНУ'''
|'''''iá vijú'''''
 
'''''machinú'''''
|EU VEJO
 
O CARRO
|-
|I WANT
 
THE APPLE
|'''''yah  Hah chou'''''
 
'''''yah bloh kah'''''
|'''Я ХОЧУ'''
 
'''ЯБЛОКО'''
|'''''iá  Ha tchú'''''
 
'''''ia blô ka'''''
|EU QUERO 
 
A MAÇà     
|}
 
=== '''GENITIVE''' ===
{| class="wikitable"
|'''of the'''
|-
|'''de, da, dos, das'''
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!<big>'''ENGLISH'''</big>
!<big>'''PRONUNCIATION'''</big>
'''<big>ENGLISH</big>'''
!'''<big>RUSSIAN</big>'''
!'''<big>PRONUNCIATION</big>'''
'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
 
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
!'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|the key
|'''''klyouh chih'''''
|'''<big>КЛЮЧ</big>'''
|'''''klíu tch'''''
|a chave
|-
|the house
|'''''dohm'''''
|'''<big>ДОМ</big>'''
|'''''dom'''''
|a casa
|-
|the key
 
of the house
|'''''klyouh chih ot'''''
 
'''''doh mah'''''
|'''<big>КЛЮЧ ОТ</big>'''
 
'''<big>ДОМА</big>'''
|'''''klíutch ot'''''
 
'''''dô má'''''
|a chave
 
da casa
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|the window
|'''''ahk noh'''''
|'''<big>ОКНО</big>'''
|'''''ah nó'''''
|a janela
|-
|the school
|'''''shkoh lah'''''
|'''<big>ШКОЛА</big>'''
|'''''ch kô la'''''
|a escola
|-
|the window
 
of the school
|'''''ahk noh'''''
 
'''''shkoh lih'''''
|'''<big>ОКНО</big>'''
 
'''<big>ШКОЛЫ</big>'''
|'''''ak nô'''''
 
'''''ch kô li'''''
|a janela
 
da escola
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|the name
|'''''ih myah (naz va ni je)'''''
|<big>'''ИМЯ (НАЗВАНИЕ)'''</big>
|'''''i miá (naz va ni je)'''''
|o nome
|-
|the place
|'''''myehs toh'''''
|<big>'''МЕСТО'''</big>
|'''''mies to'''''
|o lugar
|-
|the name
 
of the place
|'''''(ih myah) naz va ni je'''''
 
'''''myehs tah'''''
|'''<big>(ИМЯ) НАЗВАНИЕ</big>'''
 
'''<big>МЕСТА</big>'''
|'''''(ímia) naz va ni je'''''
 
'''''míesta'''''
|o nome
 
do lugar
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|The bottle
 
of water
|'''''bou tihl kah'''''
 
'''''vah dih'''''
|'''<big>БУТЫЛКА</big>'''
 
'''<big>ВОДЫ</big>'''
|'''''bu tíL ka'''''
 
'''''va dí'''''
|A garrafa
 
de água
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|The juice
 
of  orange
|'''sohk'''
 
'''ah pyehl sih nah'''
|'''<big>СОК</big>'''
 
'''<big>АПЕЛЬСИНА</big>'''
|'''''sôk'''''
 
'''''a piêL ci na'''''
|O suco 
 
de laranja
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|The map
 
of China
|'''''kahr tah'''''
 
'''''kih tah yah'''''
|'''<big>КАРТА</big>'''
 
'''<big>КИТАЯ</big>'''
|'''''kár ta'''''
 
'''''ki tá ia'''''
|O mapa 
 
da  China
|}
 
=== '''GENITIVE''' ===
{| class="wikitable"
|'''from  (point of origin in the space or time); made of (something)'''
|-
|'''de, da, dos, das (ponto de origem no  espaço ou tempo),'''
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!<big>'''ENGLISH'''</big>
!<big>'''PRONUNCIATION'''</big>
'''<big>ENGLISH</big>'''
!'''<big>RUSSIAN</big>'''
!'''<big>PRONUNCIATION</big>'''
'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
 
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
!'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|I came 
 
from Brazil
|'''''yah prih yeh Hahl'''''
 
'''''ihz brah zee lih'''''
|'''<big>Я ПРИЕХАЛ</big>'''
 
'''<big>ИЗ БРАЗИЛИИ</big>'''
|'''''iá pri iê HaL'''''
 
'''''iz bra zi lii'''''
|Eu vim
 
do Brasil
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|We are
 
from Turkey
|'''''muh ihz'''''
 
'''''tour tsee'''''
|'''<big>МЫ ИЗ</big>'''
 
'''<big>ТУРЦИИ</big>'''
|'''''mâ iz'''''
 
'''''túr tsii'''''
|Nós somos
 
da Turquia
|}
 
=== '''INSTRUMENTAL''' ===
{| class="wikitable"
|'''¨with¨ somebody or ¨with¨ something'''
|-
|'''¨com¨ alguém ou ¨com¨ alguma coisa'''
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!<big>'''ENGLISH'''</big>
!<big>'''PRONUNCIATION'''</big>
'''<big>ENGLISH</big>'''
!'''<big>RUSSIAN</big>'''
!'''<big>PRONUNCIATION</big>'''
'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
 
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
!'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|I write with
my pen
|'''''yah pih mah eem'''''
 
'''''kah rahn dah shohm'''''
|'''Я ПИШУ МОИМ'''
 
'''КАРАНДАШОМ'''
|'''''iá pi chú ma iim'''''
 
'''''ka ran dá chom'''''
|Eu escrevo
com meu lápis
|}
 
=== '''<big>INSTRUMENTAL (INCLUSIVE)</big>'''  ===
{| class="wikitable"
|'''Use to mix  some  products.'''
|-
|'''Use para misturar alguns produtos'''
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!<big>'''ENGLISH'''</big>
!<big>'''PRONUNCIATION'''</big>
'''<big>ENGLISH</big>'''
!'''<big>RUSSIAN</big>'''
!'''<big>PRONUNCIATION</big>'''
'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
 
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
!'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|Coffee 
 
with milk
|'''''koh fyeh '''''
 
'''''s mah lah kohm'''''
|'''КОФЕ '''
 
'''С МОЛОКОМ'''
|'''''kôfie'''''
 
'''''s ma la kôm'''''
|Café
 
com leite
|-
|Coffee 
 
with sugar
|'''''koh fyeh'''''
 
'''''s sah Hah rohm'''''
|'''КОФЕ'''
 
'''С САХАРОМ'''
|'''''kôfie '''''
 
'''''s sa Ha rôm'''''
|Café  com 
 
açúcar
|-
|Water 
 
with ice
|'''''vah dah'''''
 
'''''sah lih dohm'''''
|'''ВОДА '''
 
'''СО ЛЬДОМ'''
|'''''va dá'''''
 
'''''sa li dôm'''''
|Água
 
com gelo
|}
 
=== '''PREPOSITIONAL (LOCATIVE)''' ===
{| class="wikitable"
|'''It shows the localization (is used after prepositions "in", "on", "at"). And it is also used after preposition "about" - about somebody, about something'''
|-
|'''Mostra a localização (no, na, em)'''
|}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
!<big>'''ENGLISH'''</big>
!<big>'''PRONUNCIATION'''</big>
'''<big>ENGLISH</big>'''
!'''<big>RUSSIAN</big>'''
!'''<big>PRONUNCIATION</big>'''
'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
 
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
!'''<big>BRAZILIAN</big>'''
'''<big>PORTUGUESE</big>'''
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|It is in
 
her bag
|'''''eh tah nah Hah dih  tsah '''''
 
'''''v jejo eyh  soum kyeh'''''
|'''<big>ЭТО НАХОДИТСЯ</big>'''
 
'''<big>В ЕЁ СУМКЕ</big>'''
|'''''é ta na Ha dí tsa'''''
 
'''''v jejo sum kíê'''''
|Isso está 
 
na bolsa dela
|-
|
|
|
|
|
|-
|on the   street
|'''''nah '''''
 
'''''ou lih tseh'''''
|'''<big>НА</big>'''
 
'''<big>УЛИЦЕ</big>'''
|'''''na'''''
 
'''''u lí tse'''''
|na
 
rua                                 
|-
|In the 
 
cars
|'''''v'''''
 
'''''mah shih nahH'''''
|'''<big>В</big>'''
 
'''<big>МАШИНАХ</big>'''
|'''''v'''''
 
'''''ma chi náH'''''
|Nos
 
carros
|}


Кого? - собак  [Kogo? - sobak]         Чего? - комиксы    [Chego? - komiksy]
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Russian/Grammar/А-vs-Но|А vs Но]]
* [[Language/Russian/Grammar/Nouns|Nouns]]
* [[Language/Russian/Grammar/The-verb-to-have|The verb to have]]
* [[Language/Russian/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Russian/Grammar/Tricky-Adverbs|Tricky Adverbs]]
* [[Language/Russian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Russian/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Russian/Grammar/Negation|Negation]]
* [[Language/Russian/Grammar/The-verb-to-be|The verb to be]]
* [[Language/Russian/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
<span links></span>

Latest revision as of 20:20, 26 March 2023

Cases in Russian
Cases in Russian

Hi Russian learners,

There are 6 cases in Russian.

They give all the possible endings of words for all the functions they can have in the sentence, according to their genre and according to their number.

With this lesson behind you, consider expanding your knowledge with these additional resources: Russian Grammar → Russian Nouns and Gender → Genitive Case ..., Use of the verb быть in the past, Pronunciation Rules & Adjectives.

Nominative Case[edit | edit source]

The nominative case answers the questions кто/что, meaning who/what, and identifies the subject of a sentence. The nominative case exists in English, too.

In Russian dictionaries, all nouns are given in the nominative case.

Examples:

  • Наташа сказала, что приедет попозже.
  • Translation: Natasha said that she would come over later.
  • Собака бежала по улице, виляя хвостом.
  • Translation: The dog was running down the street, wagging its tail.

Genitive Case[edit | edit source]

The genitive case answers the questions кого, meaning "whom" or "of whom," and чего, which means "what" or "of what." It shows possession, attribution, or absence (who, what, whose, or what/who is absent).

It also answers the question откуда —from where.

Examples:

  • У меня нет ни тетради, ни ручки.
  • I have neither a notebook nor a pen.

тетрадь - "a notebook" - becomes тетради - (absence of) a notebook ручка - "a pen" - becomes ручки - (absence of) a pen

  • Я достала из сумки книгу.
  • I took out a book out of the bag.

сумка (SOOMka) - "a bag" - becomes сумки - out of the bag.

Dative Case[edit | edit source]

The dative case answers the questions кому/чему – to whom/(to) what, and shows that something is given or addressed to the object.

Examples:

  • Я повернулся к человеку, который стоял справа от меня.
  • I turned to the person/man who was standing on my right.

человек (chelaVYEK) - "a man/a person" becomes человеку - "to a man/to a person."

Accusative Case[edit | edit source]

The accusative case answers the questions кого/что – whom/what, and куда – where.

Its equivalent in English is the accusative, or objective, case (him, her).

Examples:

  • Я покупаю новый телефон.
  • I am buying a new phone.

телефон - "a phone" - remains the same.

  • Какую книгу ты сейчас читаешь?
  • Translation: What book are you reading right now?

Instrumental Case[edit | edit source]

Answers the questions кем/чем – with whom/with what.

This case shows which instrument is used to do or make something, or with whom/with the help of what an action is completed. It can also be used to talk about something that you are interested in.

Example:

  • Иван интересуется китайской культурой.
  • Ivan is interested in Chinese culture.

Prepositional Case[edit | edit source]

Answers the questions о ком/о чем – about whom/about what, and the question где – where.

Example:

  • Я постараюсь проснуться на рассвете.
  • Translation: I will try to wake up at dawn.

Other examples[edit | edit source]

NOMINATIVE (OBJECTIVE)[edit | edit source]

Word is in the beginning of the phrase, simple phrase. The object that does something
Palavra no início da frase, frase simple
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The student 

reads

ou cheh nihk

chih tah iht

YЧEHИK

ЧИTAET

u tche ník 

tchi ta ít

O aluno 

lê

The guide paid 

yesterday

giht fcheh rah

zah plah tihl

ГИД ВЧЕРА 

ЗAПЛATИЛ

guít  ftche rá  

za pla tíL

O guia  pagou 

ontem

The shop  

is  open

mah gah zihn  

aht kruh tih

MAГAЗИH  

OTKPЫTЫЙ

ma ga zín  

at krâ ti

A  loja  está  

aberta

DATIVE[edit | edit source]

For  (something)  or  (somebody)
Para  (alguma coisa) ou (alguem)
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For one house kuh ahd nah mou

doh mou

К ОДНОМУ

ДОМУ

kâ adnamú

dômu

para uma casa
For the house kuh

dah mou

К 

ДОМУ

kâ

damú

para a casa
For some houses kuh nih kah tah rah mou

doh mou

К НЕКОТОРОМУ

ДОМУ

kâ nikataramú

dômu

para algumas casas
For the houses kuh

doh mahm

К

ДОМАМ

kâ

dômam

para as casas
For one man kuh ahd nah mou

tchih lah vyeh kou

К ОДНОМУ

ЧЕЛОВЕКУ

kâ adnamú

tchilaviêku

para um homem
For the man kuh

chih lah vyeh kou

К

ЧЕЛОВЕКУ

kâ

tchilaviêku

para o homem
For some men kuh nih kah tah rah mou

mouh zhih chih nahm

К НЕКОТОРОМУ

МУЖЧИНАМ

kâ nikataramú

mujitchinám

para alguns homens
For the men kuh

mouh zhih chih nahm

К

МУЖЧИНАМ

kâ

mujitchinam

para os homens
I WILL 

GO TO 

THE BEACH

yah pie dou

kuh  

plyah zhou

Я ПОЙДУ 

К 

ПЛЯЖУ

iá paidú 

kâ 

pliajú

EU IREI 

À 

PRAIA

ACCUSATIVE[edit | edit source]

Somebody or something at the  end of the phrase
Alguém ou alguma coisa no final da frase
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DID YOU SEE

THIS  LUGGAGE ?

 vuh vih dyeh lih

eh taht bah gahsh ?

ВЫ ВИДЕЛИ

ЭТОТ БАГАЖ ?

vâ vi diê li 

etát ba gash ?

VOCÊ  VIU

ESSA BAGAGEM ?

I SEE 

THE CAR

yah vih zhouh

mah shih nou

Я ВИЖУ

МАШИНУ

iá vijú

machinú

EU VEJO

O CARRO

I WANT

THE APPLE

yah  Hah chou

yah bloh kah

Я ХОЧУ

ЯБЛОКО

iá  Ha tchú

ia blô ka

EU QUERO 

A MAÇà     

GENITIVE[edit | edit source]

of the
de, da, dos, das
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the key klyouh chih КЛЮЧ klíu tch a chave
the house dohm ДОМ dom a casa
the key

of the house

klyouh chih ot

doh mah

КЛЮЧ ОТ

ДОМА

klíutch ot

dô má

a chave

da casa

the window ahk noh ОКНО ah nó a janela
the school shkoh lah ШКОЛА ch kô la a escola
the window

of the school

ahk noh

shkoh lih

ОКНО

ШКОЛЫ

ak nô

ch kô li

a janela

da escola

the name ih myah (naz va ni je) ИМЯ (НАЗВАНИЕ) i miá (naz va ni je) o nome
the place myehs toh МЕСТО mies to o lugar
the name

of the place

(ih myah) naz va ni je

myehs tah

(ИМЯ) НАЗВАНИЕ

МЕСТА

(ímia) naz va ni je

míesta

o nome

do lugar

The bottle

of water

bou tihl kah

vah dih

БУТЫЛКА

ВОДЫ

bu tíL ka

va dí

A garrafa

de água

The juice

of  orange

sohk

ah pyehl sih nah

СОК

АПЕЛЬСИНА

sôk

a piêL ci na

O suco 

de laranja

The map

of China

kahr tah

kih tah yah

КАРТА

КИТАЯ

kár ta

ki tá ia

O mapa 

da  China

GENITIVE[edit | edit source]

from (point of origin in the space or time); made of (something)
de, da, dos, das (ponto de origem no espaço ou tempo),
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I came 

from Brazil

yah prih yeh Hahl

ihz brah zee lih

Я ПРИЕХАЛ

ИЗ БРАЗИЛИИ

iá pri iê HaL

iz bra zi lii

Eu vim

do Brasil

We are

from Turkey

muh ihz

tour tsee

МЫ ИЗ

ТУРЦИИ

mâ iz

túr tsii

Nós somos

da Turquia

INSTRUMENTAL[edit | edit source]

¨with¨ somebody or ¨with¨ something
¨com¨ alguém ou ¨com¨ alguma coisa
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I write with

my pen

yah pih mah eem

kah rahn dah shohm

Я ПИШУ МОИМ

КАРАНДАШОМ

iá pi chú ma iim

ka ran dá chom

Eu escrevo

com meu lápis

INSTRUMENTAL (INCLUSIVE)[edit | edit source]

Use to mix  some  products.
Use para misturar alguns produtos
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Coffee 

with milk

koh fyeh 

s mah lah kohm

КОФЕ 

С МОЛОКОМ

kôfie

s ma la kôm

Café

com leite

Coffee 

with sugar

koh fyeh

s sah Hah rohm

КОФЕ

С САХАРОМ

kôfie 

s sa Ha rôm

Café  com 

açúcar

Water 

with ice

vah dah

sah lih dohm

ВОДА 

СО ЛЬДОМ

va dá

sa li dôm

Água

com gelo

PREPOSITIONAL (LOCATIVE)[edit | edit source]

It shows the localization (is used after prepositions "in", "on", "at"). And it is also used after preposition "about" - about somebody, about something
Mostra a localização (no, na, em)
ENGLISH PRONUNCIATION

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It is in

her bag

eh tah nah Hah dih tsah 

v jejo eyh  soum kyeh

ЭТО НАХОДИТСЯ

В ЕЁ СУМКЕ

é ta na Ha dí tsa

v jejo sum kíê

Isso está 

na bolsa dela

on the   street nah 

ou lih tseh

НА

УЛИЦЕ

na

u lí tse

na

rua                                 

In the 

cars

v

mah shih nahH

В

МАШИНАХ

v

ma chi náH

Nos

carros

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

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