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<div class="pg_page_title">Classical Quechua Grammar - Negation</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">Classical Quechua Grammar - Negation</div>
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/classical-quechua Classical Quechua] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will be discussing the basics of negation in Classical Quechua. Negation is an important part of any language, and it is essential to understand how to use it correctly in order to communicate effectively. We will look at the different ways to express negation in Classical Quechua, as well as some examples of how to use them. __TOC__


Negation is a way of expressing the opposite of something. In Classical Quechua, there are several ways to express negation. The most common way is to use the particle ''mana'' (pronounced [ˈmana], IPA: /ˈmana/). This particle is placed before the verb to indicate that the action or statement is not true. For example:
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/classical-quechua Classical Quechua] learners! 😊<br>In this lesson, we will be discussing negation in Classical Quechua. Negation is an important element of grammar in any language because it allows us to express negation of actions or properties. Negation allows us to express "no" or "not" in Classical Quechua.  


* Mana yachan. (I don't eat.)
__TOC__


Another way to express negation is to use the particle ''ama'' (pronounced [ˈama], IPA: /ˈama/). This particle is placed after the verb to indicate that the action or statement is not true. For example:


* Yachan ama. (I don't eat.)
<span link>Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/Gramatical-generalities|Gramatical generalities]], [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]] & [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]].</span>
== Negation in Classical Quechua ==


The particle ''mana'' can also be used to express a negative command. For example:
In Classical Quechua, negation (denoted by "man") is usually placed before the verb it negates. For example:


* Mana yachay. (Don't eat!)
{| class="wikitable"
! Quechua !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| manam || /ma'nam/ || no, not, nothing
|-
| chay || /ʧaj/ || this 
|-
| kani || /'kani/ ||  to buy
|-
| chay kani || /ʧaj 'kani/ ||  to buy this (positive)
|-
| manam kani || /ma'nam 'kani/ ||  not to buy (negative)
|}


Finally, the particle ''mana'' can also be used to express a negative question. For example:
In the example above, "manam" is used to express negation. The word "kani" means "to buy," and "chay kani" means "to buy this" while "manam kani" means "not to buy."


* Mana yachanki? (Don't you eat?)
Some examples to illustrate the point:


It is important to note that the particles ''mana'' and ''ama'' can be combined with other particles to form more complex negations. For example:
* Person 1: Chayqa kani. (I will buy this.)
* Person 2: Manam kani. (I will not buy.)


* Mana imamanta yachan. (I don't eat anything.)
Here, the negation marker "manam" negates the verb "kani" (to buy). As a result, Person 2 is expressing that they will not buy the item in question.  


In addition to the particles ''mana'' and ''ama'', there are also other words and phrases that can be used to express negation in Classical Quechua. For example:
== Placement of "Man" ==


* Imapaq mana. (It's not true.)
As we have seen, "man" is usually placed before the verb it negates. For example:
* Mana allin. (It's not good.)
* Mana yachashunchik. (We don't eat.)


Now that you know the basics of negation in Classical Quechua, let's look at some examples of how to use it in a sentence.
* Manam kani (Not to buy)
* Manam llapaqa munasqa (I did not see the beautiful woman)


Table: Examples of Negation in Classical Quechua
In the example above, "manam" negates the verb "kani" (to buy) and "llapaqa munasqa" (saw the beautiful woman).


| Classical Quechua | Pronunciation | English Translation |
However, in some cases, "man" may also be placed after the verb it negates. For example:
|-------------------|---------------|--------------------|
| Mana yachan. | [ˈmana ˈjatʃan] | I don't eat. |
| Yachan ama. | [ˈjatʃan ˈama] | I don't eat. |
| Mana yachay. | [ˈmana ˈjatʃaj] | Don't eat! |
| Mana yachanki? | [ˈmana ˈjatʃaŋki] | Don't you eat? |
| Mana imamanta yachan. | [ˈmana iˈmamanta ˈjatʃan] | I don't eat anything. |
| Imapaq mana. | [iˈmapak ˈmana] | It's not true. |
| Mana allin. | [ˈmana ˈaʎin] | It's not good. |
| Mana yachashunchik. | [ˈmana ˈjatʃaʃuŋtʃik] | We don't eat. |


As you can see, negation in Classical Quechua is quite straightforward. With practice and patience, you will soon be able to use it correctly in your conversations.
* sayk'uqmanmi (not a drunkard)
* wasimantaqmi (not hot)


<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
In the example above, "man" is placed after the verb "sayk'uq" (drunkard) and "wasimantaq" (hot).  


== The Negative Particle "Mana" ==


==Related Lessons==
In addition to "man," Classical Quechua also has a negative particle, "mana," which is used to deny the existence of a quality or thing. For example:
* [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]
 
{|class="wikitable"
! Classical Quechua !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| mana || /'mana/ || no, not
|-
| ima sumaq p'anqa || /'ima 'sumaq 'paɲqa/ || he is a beautiful bird.
|-
| mana ima sumaq p'anqa || /'mana 'ima 'sumaq 'paɲqa/ || he is not a beautiful bird.
|}
 
In the above example, "mana" denies the existence of the quality "sumaq" (beautiful) and negates the sentence.
 
Here is an example to illustrate the point:
 
* Person 1: Kaymi lliwniyki. (I have a green shirt.)
* Person 2: Mana lliwniyki. (I do not have a green shirt.)
 
In the example above, "mana" is used to deny the existence of the quality "green" in Person 2's shirt, thereby negating the sentence.
 
== Conclusion ==  
 
In conclusion, negation is an important element of Classical Quechua grammar and allows us to express "no" or "not" in various contexts. Remember that "man" is used to negate verbs, while "mana" is used to negate qualities or things. By practicing negation, you can improve your Classical Quechua grammar and communication skills.
 
To improve your [[Language/Classical-quechua|Classical Quechua]] [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar|Grammar]], you can also use the [https://polyglotclub.com Polyglot Club] website. [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=100 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/classical-quechua/question questions]!
 
== Sources ==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quechuan_languages Quechuan languages on Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classical_Quechua Classical Quechua on Wikipedia]
 
 
<span link>Congratulations on finishing this lesson! Explore these related pages to keep learning: [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]], [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]] & [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]].</span>
{{#seo:
|title=Classical Quechua Grammar - Negation
|keywords=Classical Quechua, Quechuan languages, negation, grammar, language learning
|description=In this lesson, we will be discussing negation in Classical Quechua. Negation is an important element of grammar in any language because it allows us to express negation of actions or properties.
}}
 
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/Pronouns|Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/Gramatical-generalities|Gramatical generalities]]
* [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/Gramatical-generalities|Gramatical generalities]]
* [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
* [[Language/Classical-quechua/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]]


{{Classical-quechua-Page-Bottom}}
{{Classical-quechua-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Latest revision as of 21:28, 27 March 2023

Quechua-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Classical Quechua Grammar - Negation

Hi Classical Quechua learners! 😊
In this lesson, we will be discussing negation in Classical Quechua. Negation is an important element of grammar in any language because it allows us to express negation of actions or properties. Negation allows us to express "no" or "not" in Classical Quechua.


Consider exploring these related pages after completing this lesson: Gramatical generalities, How to Use Have & Adjectives.

Negation in Classical Quechua[edit | edit source]

In Classical Quechua, negation (denoted by "man") is usually placed before the verb it negates. For example:

Quechua Pronunciation English
manam /ma'nam/ no, not, nothing
chay /ʧaj/ this
kani /'kani/ to buy
chay kani /ʧaj 'kani/ to buy this (positive)
manam kani /ma'nam 'kani/ not to buy (negative)

In the example above, "manam" is used to express negation. The word "kani" means "to buy," and "chay kani" means "to buy this" while "manam kani" means "not to buy."

Some examples to illustrate the point:

  • Person 1: Chayqa kani. (I will buy this.)
  • Person 2: Manam kani. (I will not buy.)

Here, the negation marker "manam" negates the verb "kani" (to buy). As a result, Person 2 is expressing that they will not buy the item in question.

Placement of "Man"[edit | edit source]

As we have seen, "man" is usually placed before the verb it negates. For example:

  • Manam kani (Not to buy)
  • Manam llapaqa munasqa (I did not see the beautiful woman)

In the example above, "manam" negates the verb "kani" (to buy) and "llapaqa munasqa" (saw the beautiful woman).

However, in some cases, "man" may also be placed after the verb it negates. For example:

  • sayk'uqmanmi (not a drunkard)
  • wasimantaqmi (not hot)

In the example above, "man" is placed after the verb "sayk'uq" (drunkard) and "wasimantaq" (hot).

The Negative Particle "Mana"[edit | edit source]

In addition to "man," Classical Quechua also has a negative particle, "mana," which is used to deny the existence of a quality or thing. For example:

Classical Quechua Pronunciation English
mana /'mana/ no, not
ima sumaq p'anqa /'ima 'sumaq 'paɲqa/ he is a beautiful bird.
mana ima sumaq p'anqa /'mana 'ima 'sumaq 'paɲqa/ he is not a beautiful bird.

In the above example, "mana" denies the existence of the quality "sumaq" (beautiful) and negates the sentence.

Here is an example to illustrate the point:

  • Person 1: Kaymi lliwniyki. (I have a green shirt.)
  • Person 2: Mana lliwniyki. (I do not have a green shirt.)

In the example above, "mana" is used to deny the existence of the quality "green" in Person 2's shirt, thereby negating the sentence.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

In conclusion, negation is an important element of Classical Quechua grammar and allows us to express "no" or "not" in various contexts. Remember that "man" is used to negate verbs, while "mana" is used to negate qualities or things. By practicing negation, you can improve your Classical Quechua grammar and communication skills.

To improve your Classical Quechua Grammar, you can also use the Polyglot Club website. Find native speakers and ask them any questions!

Sources[edit | edit source]


Congratulations on finishing this lesson! Explore these related pages to keep learning: Pronouns, How to Use Be & Conditional Mood.

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]


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