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<div class="pg_page_title">Hungarian Grammar - Plurals</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">Hungarian Grammar - Plurals</div>


Welcome to the Hungarian Grammar lesson about plurals! Plurals are an important part of any language, and Hungarian is no exception. In this lesson, we'll explore the rules for forming plurals in Hungarian, and how to use them correctly in conversation.
Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/hungarian Hungarian] learners! 😊


In this lesson, we will talk about plural forms in Hungarian. Plurals are common in all languages, and in Hungarian, forming plurals can sometimes be tricky. However, with practice and a good understanding of the grammar rules, you will be able to use plural forms with ease.
To navigate this lesson, use the table of contents below:
__TOC__
__TOC__


== Overview ==


In Hungarian, plurals are formed by adding suffixes to the end of nouns. The suffixes used depend on the gender of the noun, as well as its ending. There are also some irregular plurals that don't follow the regular rules.  
<span link>After mastering this lesson, these related pages might interest you: [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]], [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/Verbs-and-tenses|Introduction to Hungarian Grammar: Verbs and tenses]], [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/Personal-Pronouns|Personal Pronouns]] & [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/Possessor|Possessor]].</span>
== Plural Suffixes ==
One of the main ways to form plurals in Hungarian is by adding suffixes to the end of the word. Which suffix to add depends on the word's vowel harmony.
 
If the word's last vowel is a front vowel (i, e, é), then the plural suffix will be -k.  
For example:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| híd (bridge) || [hi:d] || bridges
| kéz (hand) || [ke:z] || hands
| lecke (lesson) || [letse] || lessons
|}
 
If the word's last vowel is a back vowel (a, á, o, ó, u, ú), then the plural suffix will be -k.  
 
For example:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| szék (chair) || [se:k] || chairs
| toll (pen) || [toʎ:] || pens
| cipő (shoes) || [tʃipo:] || shoes
|}


== Masculine Nouns ==
If the word's last vowel is a neutral vowel (ö, ő), then the plural suffix will be -k.


Masculine nouns in Hungarian usually form their plurals by adding the suffix -ok or -ek to the end of the word. For example, the word for "boy" is fiú, and the plural is fiúk.
For example:


However, there are some exceptions to this rule. If the noun ends in a vowel, the suffix -k is added instead of -ok or -ek. For example, the word for "man" is férfi, and the plural is férfiak.
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| hajó (ship) || [ha:jó] || ships
| szőnyeg (carpet) || [søɲeɡ] || carpets
| köröm (nail) || [ko:røm] || nails
|}


There are also some irregular masculine nouns that don't follow the regular rules. For example, the word for "teacher" is tanár, and the plural is tanárok.
As you can see, -k is the most common plural suffix in Hungarian. However, there are some exceptions where different suffixes are used. For example:


== Feminine Nouns ==
- words that end in a consonant cluster: the plural suffix is -ek. For example, bank (bank) → bankok (banks)
- words that end in -s, -sz, -z, -dz: the plural suffix is -ok. For example, kés (knife) → kések (knives)
- words that end in -t, -d: the plural suffix is -ek. For example, kert (garden) → kertek (gardens)


Feminine nouns in Hungarian usually form their plurals by adding the suffix -k or -ek to the end of the word. For example, the word for "girl" is lány, and the plural is lányok.  
It's important to note that some words have irregular plural forms that you will need to memorize. For example, barát (friend) → barátok (friends), szép (beautiful) → szépek (beautiful). Make sure to study these irregular forms and practice using them in context.


However, there are some exceptions to this rule. If the noun ends in a vowel, the suffix -k is added instead of -ek. For example, the word for "woman" is nő, and the plural is nők.  
== Plural Formation Without Suffixes ==
In addition to adding plural suffixes, there are some instances where plurals are formed without any suffixes.  


There are also some irregular feminine nouns that don't follow the regular rules. For example, the word for "teacher" is tanítónő, and the plural is tanítónők.  
For example, when referring to family members, no plural suffix is added. Instead, the word itself is changed to reflect the number of people being referred to. For example:


== Neuter Nouns ==
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| apa (father) || [ɒpɒ] || father
| apák (fathers) || [ɒpɒk] || fathers
|}
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| lány (daughter) || [la:nj] || daughter
| lányok (daughters) || [la:njok] || daughters
|}


Neuter nouns in Hungarian usually form their plurals by adding the suffix -k or -ek to the end of the word. For example, the word for "child" is gyermek, and the plural is gyermekek.
In addition, some nouns have different forms in the singular and plural, with no suffix added. For example:


However, there are some exceptions to this rule. If the noun ends in a vowel, the suffix -k is added instead of -ek. For example, the word for "book" is könyv, and the plural is könyvek.
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| ember (person) || [ɛmbɛr] || person
| emberek (people) || [ɛmbɛrɛk] || people
|}
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| szem (eye) || [sɛm] || eye
| szemek (eyes) || [sɛmɛk] || eyes
|}


There are also some irregular neuter nouns that don't follow the regular rules. For example, the word for "teacher" is tanító, and the plural is tanítók.  
## Pronunciation Tip:
When adding plural suffixes, the stress usually falls on the second-to-last syllable. For example: ház-házak (houses), kép-képek (pictures).


== Conclusion ==
## Dialogue
To see plural forms in action, here's a dialogue between two people:


In this lesson, we've explored the rules for forming plurals in Hungarian. We've seen that the suffixes used depend on the gender of the noun, as well as its ending. We've also seen some examples of irregular plurals that don't follow the regular rules.  
* Person 1: Nézd, öt kisgyerek van az utcán! (Look, there are five children on the street!)
* Person 2: Öt kisgyerek? Nem, hat. (Five children? No, six.)


If you want to learn more about Hungarian grammar, why not join the Polyglot Club community [https://PolyglotClub.com Polyglot Club]? You can find other language learners who are just as passionate about learning Hungarian as you are.  
## Cultural Note:
In Hungarian, it's common to use diminutives instead of plural forms to express endearment or emphasis. For example, instead of saying "dogs," you might say "little dogs" to communicate fondness.  


<br><hr>If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
## Additional Resources:
To practice Hungarian plurals further, check out the [https://polyglotclub.com/find-friends.php?search=send&d=0&f=36&offre1=55 Find native speakers] and ask them any [https://polyglotclub.com/language/hungarian/question questions] you might have. You can also learn more about Hungarian [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar|Grammar]] on the Polyglot Club website.  


## Sources ##
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarian_grammar Hungarian grammar]
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hungarian_language Hungarian language]


<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎


==Videos==
{{#seo:
|title=Hungarian Grammar - Plurals
|keywords=Hungarian grammar, Hungarian plurals, grammar rules, suffixes, language learning
|description=In this lesson, we discuss plural forms in Hungarian, including the various suffixes used and exceptions to the rules.
}}


===Hungarian Lesson with Zsuzsi 5. - Plural - Többes szám - YouTube===
==Other Lessons==
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_peJCktdpd0</youtube>
* [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/Possessor|Possessor]]
* [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
* [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/Future-Tense|Future Tense]]
* [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/Give-your-Opinion|Give your Opinion]]
* [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be|How to Use Be]]
* [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]]
* [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/How-to-form-the-feminine|How to form the feminine]]


===#Hungarian Language Learning #plural #accusative (3) - YouTube===
<span class='maj'></span>
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LS8R_llkU4M</youtube>
==Sources==
* [http://www.hungarianreference.com/plurals.aspx Plurals in Hungarian [HungarianReference.com > Grammar > Misc ...]
* [https://betterhungarian.com/2018/04/15/hungarian-plurals/ [Hungarian] Plurals – Better Hungarian]
* [http://mylanguages.org/hungarian_plural.php Hungarian Plural]


{{Hungarian-Page-Bottom}}
{{Hungarian-Page-Bottom}}
<span links></span>

Latest revision as of 21:03, 27 March 2023

Hungary-Timeline-PolyglotClub.png
Hungarian Grammar - Plurals

Hi Hungarian learners! 😊

In this lesson, we will talk about plural forms in Hungarian. Plurals are common in all languages, and in Hungarian, forming plurals can sometimes be tricky. However, with practice and a good understanding of the grammar rules, you will be able to use plural forms with ease.

To navigate this lesson, use the table of contents below:


After mastering this lesson, these related pages might interest you: Give your Opinion, Introduction to Hungarian Grammar: Verbs and tenses, Personal Pronouns & Possessor.

Plural Suffixes[edit | edit source]

One of the main ways to form plurals in Hungarian is by adding suffixes to the end of the word. Which suffix to add depends on the word's vowel harmony.

If the word's last vowel is a front vowel (i, e, é), then the plural suffix will be -k. For example:

Hungarian Pronunciation English
híd (bridge) [hi:d] bridges kéz (hand) [ke:z] hands lecke (lesson) [letse] lessons

If the word's last vowel is a back vowel (a, á, o, ó, u, ú), then the plural suffix will be -k.

For example:

Hungarian Pronunciation English
szék (chair) [se:k] chairs toll (pen) [toʎ:] pens cipő (shoes) [tʃipo:] shoes

If the word's last vowel is a neutral vowel (ö, ő), then the plural suffix will be -k.

For example:

Hungarian Pronunciation English
hajó (ship) [ha:jó] ships szőnyeg (carpet) [søɲeɡ] carpets köröm (nail) [ko:røm] nails

As you can see, -k is the most common plural suffix in Hungarian. However, there are some exceptions where different suffixes are used. For example:

- words that end in a consonant cluster: the plural suffix is -ek. For example, bank (bank) → bankok (banks) - words that end in -s, -sz, -z, -dz: the plural suffix is -ok. For example, kés (knife) → kések (knives) - words that end in -t, -d: the plural suffix is -ek. For example, kert (garden) → kertek (gardens)

It's important to note that some words have irregular plural forms that you will need to memorize. For example, barát (friend) → barátok (friends), szép (beautiful) → szépek (beautiful). Make sure to study these irregular forms and practice using them in context.

Plural Formation Without Suffixes[edit | edit source]

In addition to adding plural suffixes, there are some instances where plurals are formed without any suffixes.

For example, when referring to family members, no plural suffix is added. Instead, the word itself is changed to reflect the number of people being referred to. For example:

Hungarian Pronunciation English
apa (father) [ɒpɒ] father apák (fathers) [ɒpɒk] fathers
Hungarian Pronunciation English
lány (daughter) [la:nj] daughter lányok (daughters) [la:njok] daughters

In addition, some nouns have different forms in the singular and plural, with no suffix added. For example:

Hungarian Pronunciation English
ember (person) [ɛmbɛr] person emberek (people) [ɛmbɛrɛk] people
Hungarian Pronunciation English
szem (eye) [sɛm] eye szemek (eyes) [sɛmɛk] eyes
    1. Pronunciation Tip:

When adding plural suffixes, the stress usually falls on the second-to-last syllable. For example: ház-házak (houses), kép-képek (pictures).

    1. Dialogue

To see plural forms in action, here's a dialogue between two people:

  • Person 1: Nézd, öt kisgyerek van az utcán! (Look, there are five children on the street!)
  • Person 2: Öt kisgyerek? Nem, hat. (Five children? No, six.)
    1. Cultural Note:

In Hungarian, it's common to use diminutives instead of plural forms to express endearment or emphasis. For example, instead of saying "dogs," you might say "little dogs" to communicate fondness.

    1. Additional Resources:

To practice Hungarian plurals further, check out the Find native speakers and ask them any questions you might have. You can also learn more about Hungarian Grammar on the Polyglot Club website.

    1. Sources ##

➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.
➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

Sources[edit | edit source]


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