Difference between revisions of "Language/Armenian/Grammar/The-Future-Perfect-Tense"
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<div style="font-size:300%> The Future Perfect Tense in Armenian</div> | <div style="font-size:300%> The Future Perfect Tense in Armenian</div> | ||
Native English speakers frequently use sentences like: “You will have visited Garni, by 2020” or “I will have eaten my breakfast by 11:00.” Here we present an Armenian grammatical structure that functions as future perfect tense in English. | Native English speakers frequently use sentences like: “You will have visited Garni, by 2020” or “I will have eaten my breakfast by 11:00.” Here we present an Armenian grammatical structure that functions as future perfect tense in English. | ||
To express an action that will have been done or a process that will have ended by a point in the future, we us perfect participle and the verb “to be” in future conditional tense. | To express an action that will have been done or a process that will have ended by a point in the future, we us perfect participle and the verb “to be” in future conditional tense. | ||
The affirmative of the verb լինել - “to be” in future conditional tense. | The affirmative of the verb լինել - “to be” in future conditional tense. | ||
ես կլինեմ - I will be | ես կլինեմ - I will be | ||
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նրանք կլինեն - they will be | նրանք կլինեն - they will be | ||
Notice that this form of the verb “to be” has the same endings as the verb ունենալ - “to have” as conjugated in present tense. | Notice that this form of the verb “to be” has the same endings as the verb ունենալ - “to have” as conjugated in present tense. | ||
Ես ունեմ - I have | Ես ունեմ - I have | ||
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Նրանք ունեն - they have | Նրանք ունեն - they have | ||
We will return to these endings when we discuss the subjunctive mood in Lesson 25. Below two verbs are conjugated in future perfect tense. | We will return to these endings when we discuss the subjunctive mood in Lesson 25. Below two verbs are conjugated in future perfect tense. | ||
<hr> | |||
[[File:Armenian-Language-Future Perfect PolyglotClub.jpg]] | [[File:Armenian-Language-Future Perfect PolyglotClub.jpg]] | ||
<hr> | |||
Here are two affirmative sentences in future perfect tense. | Here are two affirmative sentences in future perfect tense. | ||
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2) Կիրակի օրը Գագիկը նոր դեմքեր նկարած կլինի։ Gagik will have painted new faces on Sunday. | 2) Կիրակի օրը Գագիկը նոր դեմքեր նկարած կլինի։ Gagik will have painted new faces on Sunday. | ||
The negatives of future perfect tense is formed by the negative form of the verb լինել - “to be” in future conditional mood. | The negatives of future perfect tense is formed by the negative form of the verb լինել - “to be” in future conditional mood. | ||
The negative of the verb լինել - “to be” in the future conditional. | The negative of the verb լինել - “to be” in the future conditional. | ||
ես չեմ լինի - I will be | ես չեմ լինի - I will be | ||
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նրանք չեն լինի - they will be | նրանք չեն լինի - they will be | ||
<hr> | |||
[[File:Armenian-Language-Future Perfect 2 PolyglotClub.jpg]] | [[File:Armenian-Language-Future Perfect 2 PolyglotClub.jpg]] | ||
<hr> | |||
Below the negative conjugation of two verbs in future perfect tense are presented. | Below the negative conjugation of two verbs in future perfect tense are presented. | ||
Here are two negative sentences in future perfect: | Here are two negative sentences in future perfect: | ||
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2) 2020 թվականի աշնանը նրանք գործն ավարտած չեն լինի։ In fall 2020 they will not have finished the work. | 2) 2020 թվականի աշնանը նրանք գործն ավարտած չեն լինի։ In fall 2020 they will not have finished the work. | ||
Above we learnt that certain verbs have irregular simple past and imperative forms. These same verbs have irregular forms in perfect participles. Their form in perfect participle is similar to their forms in simple past and in imperative mood. The table below presents a partial list of verbs with irregular participles. | Above we learnt that certain verbs have irregular simple past and imperative forms. These same verbs have irregular forms in perfect participles. Their form in perfect participle is similar to their forms in simple past and in imperative mood. The table below presents a partial list of verbs with irregular participles. | ||
<hr> | |||
[[File:Armenian-Language-Future Perfect 3 PolyglotClub.jpg]] | |||
<hr> | |||
Here are two sentences using perfect participles of irregular verbs. | Here are two sentences using perfect participles of irregular verbs. | ||
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==Sources== | ==Sources== | ||
https://slaviccenters.duke.edu/sites/slaviccenters.duke.edu/files/handbook_of_armenian.pdf | https://slaviccenters.duke.edu/sites/slaviccenters.duke.edu/files/handbook_of_armenian.pdf | ||
==Other Lessons== | |||
* [[Language/Armenian/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]] | |||
* [[Language/Armenian/Grammar/Word-Order|Word Order]] | |||
* [[Language/Armenian/Grammar/The-Verb-to-Be|The Verb to Be]] | |||
* [[Language/Armenian/Grammar/This,-That-and-the-Other-One|This, That and the Other One]] | |||
* [[Language/Armenian/Grammar/Indefinite-Article|Indefinite Article]] | |||
* [[Language/Armenian/Grammar/Definite-Pronouns|Definite Pronouns]] | |||
* [[Language/Armenian/Grammar/Participles|Participles]] | |||
* [[Language/Armenian/Grammar/The-Ablative-Case|The Ablative Case]] | |||
* [[Language/Armenian/Grammar/Cases-of-Nouns|Cases of Nouns]] | |||
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Latest revision as of 13:12, 27 March 2023
Native English speakers frequently use sentences like: “You will have visited Garni, by 2020” or “I will have eaten my breakfast by 11:00.” Here we present an Armenian grammatical structure that functions as future perfect tense in English.
To express an action that will have been done or a process that will have ended by a point in the future, we us perfect participle and the verb “to be” in future conditional tense.
The affirmative of the verb լինել - “to be” in future conditional tense.
ես կլինեմ - I will be
դու կլինես - you will be
նա կլինի - s/he will be
մենք կլինենք - we will be
դուք կլինեք - you will be
նրանք կլինեն - they will be
Notice that this form of the verb “to be” has the same endings as the verb ունենալ - “to have” as conjugated in present tense.
Ես ունեմ - I have
Դու ունես - you have
Նա ունի - s/he has
Մենք ունենք - we have
Դուք ունեք - you have
Նրանք ունեն - they have
We will return to these endings when we discuss the subjunctive mood in Lesson 25. Below two verbs are conjugated in future perfect tense.
Here are two affirmative sentences in future perfect tense.
1) Վաղը ես իմ աշխատանքն ավարտած կլինեմ։ Tomorrow I will have finished my work.
2) Կիրակի օրը Գագիկը նոր դեմքեր նկարած կլինի։ Gagik will have painted new faces on Sunday.
The negatives of future perfect tense is formed by the negative form of the verb լինել - “to be” in future conditional mood.
The negative of the verb լինել - “to be” in the future conditional.
ես չեմ լինի - I will be
դու չես լինի - you will be
նա չի լինի - s/he will be
մենք չենք լինի - we will be
դուք չեք լինի - you will be
նրանք չեն լինի - they will be
Below the negative conjugation of two verbs in future perfect tense are presented.
Here are two negative sentences in future perfect:
1) 2025 թվականին մենք Աշոտին մոռացած չենք լինի։ We will not have forgotten Ashot in 2025.
2) 2020 թվականի աշնանը նրանք գործն ավարտած չեն լինի։ In fall 2020 they will not have finished the work.
Above we learnt that certain verbs have irregular simple past and imperative forms. These same verbs have irregular forms in perfect participles. Their form in perfect participle is similar to their forms in simple past and in imperative mood. The table below presents a partial list of verbs with irregular participles.
Here are two sentences using perfect participles of irregular verbs.
1) Երկու ժամից ես արդեն կերած կլինեմ: In two hours I will have eaten already.
2) Դուք վաղը եկած չեք լինի։ You will not have come (arrived) tomorrow.
Sources[edit | edit source]
https://slaviccenters.duke.edu/sites/slaviccenters.duke.edu/files/handbook_of_armenian.pdf
Other Lessons[edit | edit source]
- Adjectives
- Word Order
- The Verb to Be
- This, That and the Other One
- Indefinite Article
- Definite Pronouns
- Participles
- The Ablative Case
- Cases of Nouns