Difference between revisions of "Language/Russian/Pronunciation/Alphabet-and-Pronunciation"

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  Administrator warning: Please, write this lesson in English
  Administrator warning: Please, write this lesson in English


'''<u>I/ Alphabet Russe:</u>'''   
'''<u>I/ Russian alphabet:</u>'''   


Le Russe est une langue slave, comme le polonais ou le tchèque, écrit avec l'alphabet cyrillique, inspiré de l'alphabet grec.
Russian is a Slavic language, such as Polish or Czech, written with the Cyrillic alphabet, inspired by the Greek alphabet.


'''<u>II/ Lignes:</u>'''  
'''<u>II/Lines</u>'''  


1 Majuscules/Caps
1 Caps


2 Minuscules
2 Minisculs


3 Prononciation en français
3 Prononciation


4 Transcription  
4 Transcription  
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|}
|}


'''<u>II/ Remarques</u>'''
'''<u>III/ Notes</u>'''


Le l russe est vélaire, il se prononce comme l'anglais ''well'' ou bien comme l'ancien français ''chevals'' : on prononçait alors le s du pluriel (c'est pour cette raison que la prononciation s'est ensuite modifiée en ''"cheva-ou"'' puis ''"chevo"'' écrit ''chevaux'')
The Russian l is velar, it is pronounced as English well or as the old French chevals: one pronounced then s of the plural (that is why the pronunciation was then modified in "cheva-or "Then" chevo "writes Chevaux)


 
At the end of the word, the sound consonants become deaf, as in German, they pronounce then:
 
En fin de mot, les consonnes sonores deviennent sourdes, comme en allemand, elles se prononcent alors:
b > p
b > p
v > f
v > f
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Le russe possède 5 phonèmes vocaliques notés par 10 graphèmes : 
The Russian has 5 vocalic phonemes noted by 10 graphemes: 
{|
{|
|a
|a
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|о
|о
|у
|у
|  après une consonne dure
|  After a hard consonant
|-
|-
|я
|я
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|ё
|ё
|ю
|ю
|  après une consonne molle ou yod
|  After a soft consonant or yod
|}
|}
<br>
<br>
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<br>
<br>
<br>
<br>
'''<u>Exemples :</u>'''
'''<u>Exempels :</u>'''
(entre parenthèses la transcription & entre crochets la phonétique)
(In brackets the transcription & bracketed phonetics)
{|
{|
|ад (ad) [at] enfer
|ад (ad) [at] Hell
|яд (jad) [jat] poison
|яд (jad) [jat] Fish
|-
|-
|мыло (mylo) [milo] savon    
|мыло (mylo) [milo] soap    
|мило (milo) [mjilo] gentil
|мило (milo) [mjilo] nice
|-
|-
|лук (luk) [luk] oignon
|лук (luk) [luk] onion
|люк (ljuk) [ljuk] écoutille
|люк (ljuk) [ljuk] hatch
|}
|}
<br>
<br>
Ces sons mouillés ne sont pas forcément transcrits en français. Ainsi le nom du premier président de Russie s'écrivait Борис Ельцин en russe, ''Boris Yeltsin'' en anglais et en français : ''Boris Eltsine'' (mais en prononçant "Yeltsine").
These wet sounds are not necessarily transcribed in French. Thus the name of the first president of Russia was Борис Ельцин in Russian, Boris Yeltsin in English and French: Boris Yeltsin (but pronouncing "Yeltsin").

Revision as of 19:52, 24 April 2017

Administrator warning: Please, write this lesson in English

I/ Russian alphabet:

Russian is a Slavic language, such as Polish or Czech, written with the Cyrillic alphabet, inspired by the Greek alphabet.

II/Lines

1 Caps

2 Minisculs

3 Prononciation

4 Transcription

А Б В Г Д Е Ё Ж З И Й К Л М Н О П Р С Т У Ф Х Ц Ч Ш Щ Ъ Ы Ь Э Ю Я
а б в г д е ё ж з и й к л м н о п р с т у ф х ц ч ш щ ъ ы ь э ю я
ye yo j y ou jota ts tch ch chtch you ya
a b v g d e ë ž z i j k l m n o p r s t u f x c č š šč '' y ' è ju ja

III/ Notes

The Russian l is velar, it is pronounced as English well or as the old French chevals: one pronounced then s of the plural (that is why the pronunciation was then modified in "cheva-or "Then" chevo "writes Chevaux)

At the end of the word, the sound consonants become deaf, as in German, they pronounce then: b > p v > f g > k d > t z > s 


The Russian has 5 vocalic phonemes noted by 10 graphemes: 

a e i o u  
а э ы о у   After a hard consonant
я е и ё ю   After a soft consonant or yod






Exempels : (In brackets the transcription & bracketed phonetics)

ад (ad) [at] Hell яд (jad) [jat] Fish
мыло (mylo) [milo] soap     мило (milo) [mjilo] nice
лук (luk) [luk] onion люк (ljuk) [ljuk] hatch


These wet sounds are not necessarily transcribed in French. Thus the name of the first president of Russia was Борис Ельцин in Russian, Boris Yeltsin in English and French: Boris Yeltsin (but pronouncing "Yeltsin").

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