Difference between revisions of "Language/Standard-arabic/Grammar/How-to-Use-Be"
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!Example Arabic | !Example Arabic | ||
!Example pronunciation | !Example pronunciation | ||
!Audio | |||
[[Help/How-to-add-audio-files|Add Audio]] | |||
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|I was | |I was | ||
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|I was beautiful | |I was beautiful | ||
|انا كنت جميل | |انا كنت جميل | ||
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|you were beautiful | |you were beautiful | ||
|انت كنت جميل | |انت كنت جميل | ||
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|you were beautiful | |you were beautiful | ||
|انت كنت جميلة | |انت كنت جميلة | ||
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|he was beautiful | |he was beautiful | ||
|هو كان جميل | |هو كان جميل | ||
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|she was beautiful | |she was beautiful | ||
|هي كانت جميلة | |هي كانت جميلة | ||
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|you were beautiful | |you were beautiful | ||
|انتما كنتما جميلتان | |انتما كنتما جميلتان | ||
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|they were beautiful | |they were beautiful | ||
|هما كنا جميلون | |هما كنا جميلون | ||
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|they were beautiful | |they were beautiful | ||
|هما كنتا جميلتان | |هما كنتا جميلتان | ||
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|we were beautiful | |we were beautiful | ||
|نحن كنا جميلون | |نحن كنا جميلون | ||
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|you were beautiful | |you were beautiful | ||
|انتم كنتم جميلون | |انتم كنتم جميلون | ||
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|you were beautiful | |you were beautiful | ||
| انتن كنتن جميلات | | انتن كنتن جميلات | ||
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|they were beautiful | |they were beautiful | ||
|هم كانو جميلون | |هم كانو جميلون | ||
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|they were beautiful | |they were beautiful | ||
|هن كن جميلات | |هن كن جميلات | ||
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١. كنتُ درستُ اللغة العربية. | ١. كنتُ درستُ اللغة العربية. | ||
|Audio | |||
[[Help/How-to-add-audio-files|Add Audio]] | |||
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|''' 2. Samir had studied Arabic.''' | |''' 2. Samir had studied Arabic.''' | ||
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٢. كان سمير (قد) درس اللغة العربية. | ٢. كان سمير (قد) درس اللغة العربية. | ||
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|''' 3. We were going to go to the Middle East.''' | |''' 3. We were going to go to the Middle East.''' | ||
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٣. كنّا سنذهب الى الشرق الاوسط. | ٣. كنّا سنذهب الى الشرق الاوسط. | ||
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|''' 4. The professors will have killed their lazy students.''' | |''' 4. The professors will have killed their lazy students.''' | ||
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٤. يكون الاستاذة (قد) قتلوا طلابهم الكسالى. | ٤. يكون الاستاذة (قد) قتلوا طلابهم الكسالى. | ||
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|''' 5. Samir used to visit his relatives in Jordan every year.''' | |''' 5. Samir used to visit his relatives in Jordan every year.''' | ||
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٥. كان سمير يزور اقاربه في الاردن كل سنة | ٥. كان سمير يزور اقاربه في الاردن كل سنة | ||
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|''' 6. Samir was sitting on the chair drinking tea when the policeman entered and arrested him and he was taken to jail where he died under mysterious circumstances.''' | |''' 6. Samir was sitting on the chair drinking tea when the policeman entered and arrested him and he was taken to jail where he died under mysterious circumstances.''' | ||
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٦. كان سمير يجلس على الكرسي يشرب الشاي عندما دخل الشرطي واعتقله وأُخذ الى السجن حيث مات تحت ظروف غامضة | ٦. كان سمير يجلس على الكرسي يشرب الشاي عندما دخل الشرطي واعتقله وأُخذ الى السجن حيث مات تحت ظروف غامضة | ||
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Revision as of 19:18, 2 December 2020
In this lesson, you will learn how to use the verb TO BE in Arabic. The Arabic verb “to be” is كانَ (kāna).
Present tense
| English | Arabic | Pronunciation | Example English | Example Arabic | Example pronunciation | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I am | أكونُ | akūnu | I am beautiful | أنا اكون جميل | ||
| you (male, single.) are | تَكونُ | takūnu | you are beautiful | أنتَ تكون جميل | ||
| you (female, single.) are | تَكونينَ | takūnīna | you are beautiful | أنتِ تكونين جميلة | ||
| he is | يَكونُ | yakūnu | he is beautiful | هو يكون جميل | ||
| she is | تَكونُ | takūnu | she is beautiful | هي تكون جميلة | ||
| you (dual) are | تكونانِ | takūnani | you are beautiful | أنتما تكونان جميلان | ||
| they (m, dual) are | يَكونانِ | yakūnāni | you are beautiful | هما يكونا جميلان | ||
| they (f, dual) are | تَكونانِ | takūnāni | they are beautiful | أنتما تكونا جميلان | ||
| we are | نَكونُ | nakūnu | we are beautiful | نحن نكون جميلون | ||
| you (m, pl.) are | تَكونونَ | takūnūna | you are beautiful | أنتم تكونون جميلون | ||
| you (f, pl.) are | تَكُنَّ | takunna | you are beautiful | أنتنّ تكن جميلات | ||
| they (m) are | يَكونونَ | yakūnūna | they are beautiful | هم يكونون جميلون | ||
| they (f) are | يَكُنَّ | yakunna | they are beautiful | هن تكن جميلات |
Past tense
| English | Arabic | Pronunciation | Example English | Example Arabic | Example pronunciation | Audio |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I was | كُنتُ | kuntu | I was beautiful | انا كنت جميل | ||
| you (m, sing.) were | كُنتَ | kunta | you were beautiful | انت كنت جميل | ||
| you (f, sing.) were | كُنتِ | kunti | you were beautiful | انت كنت جميلة | ||
| he was | كانَ | kāna | he was beautiful | هو كان جميل | ||
| she was | كانًت | kānat | she was beautiful | هي كانت جميلة | ||
| you (dual) were | كُنتُما | kuntumā | you were beautiful | انتما كنتما جميلتان | ||
| they (m, dual) were | كنتا | they were beautiful | هما كنا جميلون | |||
| they (f, dual) were | كنتا | kanta | they were beautiful | هما كنتا جميلتان | ||
| we were | كُنّا | kunnā | we were beautiful | نحن كنا جميلون | ||
| you (m, pl.) were | كُنتُم | kuntum | you were beautiful | انتم كنتم جميلون | ||
| you (f, pl.) were | كُنتُنَّ | kuntunna | you were beautiful | انتن كنتن جميلات | ||
| they (m) were | كانوا | kānū | they were beautiful | هم كانو جميلون | ||
| they (f) were | كُنَّ | kunna | they were beautiful | هن كن جميلات |
As you can see, whenever كان is used in a sentence you must be extra careful in determining the subject and object of the verb, just as with ليس. If you have the ليس business down, you should have no problem with كان.
كان is used to form a number of compound tenses such as the pluperfect, the future perfect, past future, past habitual and past progressive.
Examples
Below are some examples.
| 1. I had studied Arabic. |
١. كنتُ درستُ اللغة العربية. |
Audio |
| 2. Samir had studied Arabic. |
٢. كان سمير (قد) درس اللغة العربية. |
|
| 3. We were going to go to the Middle East. |
٣. كنّا سنذهب الى الشرق الاوسط. |
|
| 4. The professors will have killed their lazy students. |
٤. يكون الاستاذة (قد) قتلوا طلابهم الكسالى. |
|
| 5. Samir used to visit his relatives in Jordan every year. |
٥. كان سمير يزور اقاربه في الاردن كل سنة |
|
| 6. Samir was sitting on the chair drinking tea when the policeman entered and arrested him and he was taken to jail where he died under mysterious circumstances. |
٦. كان سمير يجلس على الكرسي يشرب الشاي عندما دخل الشرطي واعتقله وأُخذ الى السجن حيث مات تحت ظروف غامضة |