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{{Welsh-Page-Top}}
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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Welsh|Welsh]]  → [[Language/Welsh/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Question Words</div>
Welcome to this engaging lesson on '''Welsh Question Words'''! As you embark on your journey to learn Welsh, understanding question words is essential. They will empower you to ask questions, seek clarification, and engage in meaningful conversations. In Welsh, just like in English, questions form the backbone of communication. Whether you’re curious about someone's name, the time, or the reasons behind a tradition, knowing how to ask will significantly enhance your language skills.
In this lesson, we will cover:
* An introduction to Welsh question words.
* Detailed explanations and examples of each question word.
* How to form basic questions in Welsh.
* Practice exercises to reinforce your learning.


<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Welsh|Welsh]]  → [[Language/Welsh/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Welsh/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Questions and Negation → Question Words</div>
Let’s get started!


__TOC__
__TOC__


Asking questions is an essential component of any language, Welsh not being an exception. In this lesson, you will learn how to form basic questions in Welsh as well as the question words that will make your Welsh vocabulary richer.  
=== Introduction to Question Words ===
 
In Welsh, question words, or "geiriau cwestiwn", are fundamental in constructing questions. They help you gather information and express curiosity. Here are the primary question words you’ll encounter:
 
* '''Pwy''' (Who)
 
* '''Beth''' (What)
 
* '''Pryd''' (When)
 
* '''Ble''' (Where)
 
* '''Pam''' (Why)
 
* '''Sut''' (How)
 
Mastering these words will not only enhance your vocabulary but also give you the confidence to interact more freely. Each question word serves a unique function and opens the door to a world of inquiry.
 
=== The Question Words in Detail ===
 
==== Pwy (Who) ====
 
The word '''Pwy''' is used to ask about people. It’s an invitation to learn more about someone’s identity.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Welsh !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Pwy yw hwn? || pʊɨ̯ juː hʊn? || Who is this?
 
|-
 
| Pwy sy'n dod? || pʊɨ̯ sɪn dɔd? || Who is coming?
 
|-
 
| Pwy yw eich ffrind? || pʊɨ̯ juː aɪ̯χ frɪnd? || Who is your friend?
 
|-
 
| Pwy wnaeth hyn? || pʊɨ̯ wnaɪ̯θ hɪn? || Who did this?
 
|-
 
| Pwy sydd yn y tŷ? || pʊɨ̯ sɪð ɪn ə tɪː? || Who is in the house?
 
|}
 
==== Beth (What) ====
 
'''Beth''' is the go-to word for inquiries about objects, concepts, or actions.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Welsh !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Beth yw hwn? || bɛθ juː hʊn? || What is this?
 
|-
 
| Beth sy'n digwydd? || bɛθ sɪn dɪɡwɪð? || What is happening?
 
|-
 
| Beth yw'r amser? || bɛθ juːr ˈam.sɛr? || What is the time?
 
|-
 
| Beth wyt ti'n hoffi? || bɛθ uɨt tiːn hɔfɪ? || What do you like?
 
|-
 
| Beth ddigwyddodd? || bɛθ ˈðɪɡ.wɪð.ɔð? || What happened?
 
|}
 
==== Pryd (When) ====
 
Asking about time? '''Pryd''' is your best friend!
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Welsh !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Pryd ydy hi? || prɨd ˈə.dɪ hiː? || When is she?
 
|-
 
| Pryd mae'r gêm? || prɨd maɪ̯r ɡeɪ̯m? || When is the game?
 
|-
 
| Pryd wyt ti'n mynd? || prɨd uɨt tiːn mɪnd? || When are you going?
 
|-
 
| Pryd bydd hi'n dychwelyd? || prɨd bɨð hiːn ˈðəχ.wɛ.lɪd? || When will she return?
 
|-
 
| Pryd ydy'r cyfarfod? || prɨd ˈədɪr kəˈvaːr.fɔd? || When is the meeting?
 
|}
 
==== Ble (Where) ====
 
To inquire about locations, use '''Ble'''.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Welsh !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Ble mae'r to? || bleɪ̯ maɪ̯r tɔ? || Where is the roof?
 
|-
 
| Ble wyt ti'n byw? || bleɪ̯ uɨt tiːn bɪv? || Where do you live?
 
|-
 
| Ble ydy'r siop? || bleɪ̯ ˈədɪr ʃɔp? || Where is the shop?
 
|-
 
| Ble mae'r ysgol? || bleɪ̯ maɪ̯r ˈɪs.ɡɔl? || Where is the school?
 
|-
 
| Ble wnaethoch chi fynd? || bleɪ̯ wnaɪ̯θɔχ χiː vɪnd? || Where did you go?


== Basic Question Structure ==
|}


In Welsh, just like in English, to form a question, the word order changes from the declarative order. In the declarative order, the structure is: subject - verb - object (SVO). In the interrogative order, the verb comes before the subject (VSO).
==== Pam (Why) ====


Here is an example to illustrate this change:
Understanding motives? Use '''Pam''' to ask why.


* Declarative: Mae Siân yn hoffi coffi. (Siân likes coffee.)
{| class="wikitable"
* Interrogative: Ydy Siân yn hoffi coffi? (Does Siân like coffee?)


As you can see, the verb 'Mae' changed to 'Ydy' (the affirmative changed to the negative) and the subject 'Siân' follows the verb.
! Welsh !! Pronunciation !! English


Some Welsh verbs undergo changes to form questions. For instance, the verb 'gwneud' (to do/make) changes to 'wneud' when forming a question.
|-


<table class="wikitable">
| Pam wyt ti'n cryfhau? || pam uɨt tiːn ˈkʊr.χaɪ̯? || Why are you strengthening?
<tr>
<th>Declarative</th>
<th>Interrogative</th>
</tr>


<tr>
|-
<td>Mae'r plant yn chwarae yn yr ardd.</td>
<td>Ydy'r plant yn chwarae yn yr ardd?</td>
</tr>


<tr>
| Pam mae'n oer? || pam maɪ̯n ɔɪ̯r? || Why is it cold?
<td>Dw i'n hoffi cig.</td>
<td>Wyt ti'n hoffi cig?</td>
</tr>


<tr>
|-
<td>Dydy hi ddim yn hoffi coffi.</td>
<td>Ydy hi'n hoffi coffi?</td>
</tr>
</table>


== Question Words ==
| Pam wnaethoch chi wneud hynny? || pam wnaɪ̯θɔχ χiː nʊɨð hɪn? || Why did you do that?


In Welsh, question words are used to form open-ended questions that require more than yes or no answers. They usually begin with a question word and change the sentence structure to VSO.
|-


Here are the six question words in Welsh:
| Pam ydy'r gân yma? || pam ˈədɪr ɡan ˈə.mə? || Why is this song?


* Pwy - Who
|-
* Beth - What
* Pryd - When
* Ble - Where
* Pam - Why
* Sut - How


We use a question word to ask about the specific information we want to know. For instance:
| Pam wyt ti'n hapus? || pam uɨt tiːn ˈha.pɪs? || Why are you happy?


* Pwy yw'r dyn? - Who is the man?
|}
* Beth wyt ti'n bwyta? - What are you eating?
* Pryd ydych chi'n mynd i'r sinema? - When are you going to the cinema?
* Ble ydych chi wedi blino? - Where are you tired?
* Pam mae Siân yn chwerthin? - Why is Siân laughing?
* Sut wyt ti'n teimlo? - How are you feeling?


It is essential to note that the question word always comes first in a question.
==== Sut (How) ====


== Forming Questions ==
Lastly, '''Sut''' helps you ask about the manner or method of doing something.


Here's how to form a question using the example sentence 'Mae Siân yn hoffi coffi?' ('Does Siân like coffee?')
{| class="wikitable"


1. Start by taking the declarative sentence.
! Welsh !! Pronunciation !! English
2. Switch the verb 'Mae' and the subject 'Siân.' (Ydy is used when the sentence is negative)
3. Add the question word 'yn' to complete the question.


So you have:
|-


* Declarative: Mae Siân yn hoffi coffi.
| Sut wyt ti? || sɪt uɨt tiː? || How are you?
* Interrogative: Ydy Siân yn hoffi coffi?


Here's another example:
|-


* Declarative: Dw i'n mynd i'r siop.
| Sut mae'r gwaith? || sɪt maɪ̯r ɡwaɪ̯θ? || How is the work?
* Interrogative: Wyt ti'n mynd i'r siop?


Note that the word order for SVO sentences remains the same. Thus, you can say:
|-


* Siân yn hoffi coffi - Siân likes coffee.
| Sut ddigwyddodd hyn? || sɪt ˈðɪɡ.wɪð.ɔð hɪn? || How did this happen?


== Practice ==
|-


Now, it's time to practice forming questions with question words. Use the prompts below to ask questions about the information provided.
| Sut wyt ti'n teimlo? || sɪt uɨt tiːn ˈteɪ̯m.lɔ? || How do you feel?


* Pwy yw'r dyn? - Rhys
|-
* Beth wyt ti'n gwisgo? - Jumper pinc
* Pryd ydych chi'n mynd i'r sinema? - Dydd Iau
* Ble mae'r drws? - Yn y gwaelod
* Pam ydy'r ci'n gawlio'r cad oedd e wedi'i roi yno? - Oherwydd roedd hi'n brysur yn chwilio am ei bawennau.
* Sut ydych chi'n teimlo? - Blino


Answers:
| Sut gallaf helpu? || sɪt ˈɡaɬ.lav ˈhɛl.pɪ? || How can I help?


* Pwy yw'r dyn? - Rhys / Pwy yw Rhys?
|}
* Beth wyt ti'n gwisgo? - Jumper pinc / Beth yw'r dillad y mae gennych chi arnoch chi?
* Pryd ydych chi'n mynd i'r sinema? - Dydd Iau / Pryd ydych chi'n mynd i'r sinema?
* Ble mae'r drws? - Yn y gwaelod / Ble mae'r drws yn y tŷ?
* Pam ydy'r ci'n cawlio'r cad oedd e wedi'i roi yno? - Oherwydd roedd hi'n brysur yn chwilio am ei bawennau. / Pam y mae'r ci yn cawlio'r cad roedd e wedi'i roi yno?
* Sut ydych chi'n teimlo? - Blino / Sut ydych chi'n teimlo heddiw?


== Conclusion ==
=== Forming Basic Questions ===


You have now learned the Welsh question words and how to form basic questions. Keep practicing to hone your learning. This knowledge will make you a better communicator in Welsh.
Now that we’ve covered the question words, let’s explore how to form basic questions in Welsh. The structure is relatively simple and straightforward.


{{Welsh-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
1. Start with the question word.
 
2. Follow it with the verb (if applicable).
 
3. Add the subject.
 
4. Complete with any additional information.
 
For example:
 
* '''Pwy''' (Who) '''sy’n''' (is) '''y fam''' (the mother)?
 
* Translation: Who is the mother?
 
Here are some more examples using all the question words:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Welsh !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Pwy sy'n dod i'r parti? || pʊɨ̯ sɪn dɔd iːr ˈpar.tɪ? || Who is coming to the party?
 
|-
 
| Beth sy'n digwydd? || bɛθ sɪn dɪɡwɪð? || What is happening?
 
|-
 
| Pryd fydd hi'n cyrraedd? || prɨd vɨð hiːn ˈkə.ræð? || When will she arrive?
 
|-
 
| Ble mae'r gegin? || bleɪ̯ maɪ̯r ˈɡɛ.ɡɪn? || Where is the kitchen?
 
|-
 
| Pam wnaethoch chi wneud hynny? || pam wnaɪ̯θɔχ χiː nʊɨð hɪn? || Why did you do that?
 
|-
 
| Sut wyt ti'n teimlo? || sɪt uɨt tiːn ˈteɪ̯m.lɔ? || How do you feel?
 
|}
 
=== Practice Exercises ===
 
To help reinforce your understanding of Welsh question words, here are some exercises. Try to answer the questions using the correct question word.
 
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ====
 
Complete the sentences using the appropriate question word.
 
1. ______ yw'r pen? (What)
 
2. ______ ydy hi? (Who)
 
3. ______ wyt ti'n mynd? (When)
 
4. ______ mae'r tŷ? (Where)
 
5. ______ wnaethoch chi? (What)
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Beth yw'r pen?
 
2. Pwy ydy hi?
 
3. Pryd wyt ti'n mynd?
 
4. Ble mae'r tŷ?
 
5. Beth wnaethoch chi?
 
==== Exercise 2: Short Answers ====
 
Respond to the following questions in Welsh.
 
1. Pwy sy'n dy ffrind? (Who is your friend?)
 
2. Beth ydy'r amser? (What is the time?)
 
3. Pryd wyt ti'n dod? (When are you coming?)
 
4. Ble wyt ti'n byw? (Where do you live?)
 
5. Pam wyt ti'n hapus? (Why are you happy?)
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Mae ______ (My friend is ______)
 
2. Ydy'r amser ______ (The time is ______)
 
3. Dw i'n dod ______ (I am coming ______)
 
4. Dw i'n byw ______ (I live ______)
 
5. Dwi'n hapus oherwydd ______ (I am happy because ______)
 
==== Exercise 3: Create Your Questions ====
 
Using the question words, create questions for the following answers.
 
1. ______ yw'r gêm? (What is the game?)
 
2. ______ sy'n dod i'r cinio? (Who is coming to dinner?)
 
3. ______ ydy'r penwythnos? (When is the weekend?)
 
4. ______ mae'r llyfr? (Where is the book?)
 
5. ______ wnaethoch chi wneud? (What did you do?)
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Beth yw'r gêm?
 
2. Pwy sy'n dod i'r cinio?
 
3. Pryd ydy'r penwythnos?
 
4. Ble mae'r llyfr?
 
5. Beth wnaethoch chi wneud?
 
==== Exercise 4: Match the Questions ====
 
Match the question words with their meanings.
 
| Welsh  | English      |
 
|---------|---------------|
 
| Pwy    | a) Why      |
 
| Beth    | b) What      |
 
| Pryd    | c) When      |
 
| Ble    | d) Where    |
 
| Pam    | e) Who      |
 
| Sut    | f) How      |
 
''Solutions:''
 
* Pwy → e
 
* Beth → b
 
* Pryd → c
 
* Ble → d
 
* Pam → a
 
* Sut → f
 
==== Exercise 5: Role-Playing ====
 
Pair up with a partner and use the question words to ask each other about your day. Take turns and see how many questions you can ask!
 
''Example Dialogue:''
 
* A: Pwy wnaeth y gwaith? (Who did the work?)
 
* B: Beth yw'r cyfnod? (What is the period?)
 
Continue this exercise until you've asked at least five questions each!
 
==== Exercise 6: Translate the Questions ====
 
Translate the following questions into Welsh.
 
1. What is your name?
 
2. When is the meeting?
 
3. Where is the bus station?
 
4. Who is your teacher?
 
5. Why are you learning Welsh?
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Beth yw dy enw di?
 
2. Pryd ydy'r cyfarfod?
 
3. Ble mae'r gorsaf fysiau?
 
4. Pwy yw dy athro di?
 
5. Pam wyt ti'n dysgu Cymraeg?
 
==== Exercise 7: Yes or No Questions ====
 
Transform the following statements into yes or no questions using the question words.
 
1. You are happy.
 
2. She is coming.
 
3. They are here.
 
4. It is cold.
 
5. He is your friend.
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Wyt ti'n hapus? (Are you happy?)
 
2. Ydy hi'n dod? (Is she coming?)
 
3. Ydyn nhw yma? (Are they here?)
 
4. Ydy hi'n oer? (Is it cold?)
 
5. Ydy e'n ffrind i ti? (Is he your friend?)
 
==== Exercise 8: Write a Short Dialogue ====
 
Write a short dialogue using at least three different question words.
 
''Example:''
 
A: Pwy sy'n dod? (Who is coming?)
 
B: Mae Tom yn dod. (Tom is coming.)
 
A: Pryd ydy o'n cyrraedd? (When is he arriving?)
 
B: Mae o'n cyrraedd am wyth. (He is arriving at eight.)
 
''Solutions will vary based on student responses.''
 
==== Exercise 9: Identify the Question Word ====
 
Read the following sentences and identify the question word used.
 
1. Pam wyt ti'n hoffi siocled?
 
2. Ble wyt ti'n gweithio?
 
3. Pryd mae'r cyfarfod?
 
4. Pwy ydy'r gŵr hwn?
 
5. Beth wnaethoch chi?
 
''Solutions:''
 
1. Pam
 
2. Ble
 
3. Pryd
 
4. Pwy
 
5. Beth
 
==== Exercise 10: Group Activity ====
 
Form small groups and take turns asking questions using the question words. Make sure to change the subject with each turn.
 
''Example:''
 
* A: Pwy yw'r athro? (Who is the teacher?)
 
* B: Mae ______ (the teacher is ______)
 
This activity will not only solidify your understanding but also make learning fun!
 
=== Conclusion ===
 
Congratulations on completing this lesson on Welsh question words! You've taken significant strides in your Welsh language journey, and mastering these question words is a vital step towards effective communication. Remember to practice regularly, and don't hesitate to use these words in your conversations. The more you engage with the language, the more confident you'll become.
 
Keep exploring, keep asking questions, and enjoy your Welsh learning adventure!
 
{{#seo:
 
|title=Welsh Grammar: Question Words
 
|keywords=Welsh question words, learn Welsh, Welsh language, beginner Welsh, Welsh grammar
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn the essential question words in Welsh, how to form basic questions, and practice exercises to reinforce your learning.
 
}}
 
{{Template:Welsh-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}


[[Category:Course]]
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[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
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[[Category:Welsh-0-to-A1-Course]]
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<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo></span> <span temperature=1></span>
<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
 
 
 


==Videos==
==Videos==
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===Welsh and Cornish languages compared - numbers and questions ...===
===Welsh and Cornish languages compared - numbers and questions ...===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ipDm2-XrWhE</youtube>
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ipDm2-XrWhE</youtube>
==Sources==
* [https://www.reddit.com/r/learnwelsh/comments/lgscrt/welsh_grammar_colloquial_welsh_mutation_patterns/ Welsh Grammar : Colloquial Welsh mutation patterns with question ...]
* [http://kimkat.org/amryw/1_cwrs/cwrs_0078_CAT_ble_gythraul_0827e.htm 0827e Welsh Course - Emphasising question words (What the devil ...]
* [https://www.twinkl.co.uk/resource/wl-t-l-2189-new-question-words-on-speech-bubbles-welsh Fun & Easy Welsh Question Words | Speech Bubbles | Twinkl]




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<span class='maj'></span>
 
==Sources==
* [https://www.reddit.com/r/learnwelsh/comments/lgscrt/welsh_grammar_colloquial_welsh_mutation_patterns/ Welsh Grammar : Colloquial Welsh mutation patterns with question ...]
* [http://kimkat.org/amryw/1_cwrs/cwrs_0078_CAT_ble_gythraul_0827e.htm 0827e Welsh Course - Emphasising question words (What the devil ...]
* [https://www.twinkl.co.uk/resource/wl-t-l-2189-new-question-words-on-speech-bubbles-welsh Fun & Easy Welsh Question Words | Speech Bubbles | Twinkl]


{{Welsh-Page-Bottom}}
{{Welsh-Page-Bottom}}
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Welsh/Vocabulary/Telling-Time|◀️ Telling Time — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Welsh/Grammar/Negation|Next Lesson — Negation ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 15:07, 2 August 2024

◀️ Telling Time — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Negation ▶️

Welsh-Language-PolyglotClub.png
Welsh → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Question Words

Welcome to this engaging lesson on Welsh Question Words! As you embark on your journey to learn Welsh, understanding question words is essential. They will empower you to ask questions, seek clarification, and engage in meaningful conversations. In Welsh, just like in English, questions form the backbone of communication. Whether you’re curious about someone's name, the time, or the reasons behind a tradition, knowing how to ask will significantly enhance your language skills.

In this lesson, we will cover:

  • An introduction to Welsh question words.
  • Detailed explanations and examples of each question word.
  • How to form basic questions in Welsh.
  • Practice exercises to reinforce your learning.

Let’s get started!

Introduction to Question Words[edit | edit source]

In Welsh, question words, or "geiriau cwestiwn", are fundamental in constructing questions. They help you gather information and express curiosity. Here are the primary question words you’ll encounter:

  • Pwy (Who)
  • Beth (What)
  • Pryd (When)
  • Ble (Where)
  • Pam (Why)
  • Sut (How)

Mastering these words will not only enhance your vocabulary but also give you the confidence to interact more freely. Each question word serves a unique function and opens the door to a world of inquiry.

The Question Words in Detail[edit | edit source]

Pwy (Who)[edit | edit source]

The word Pwy is used to ask about people. It’s an invitation to learn more about someone’s identity.

Welsh Pronunciation English
Pwy yw hwn? pʊɨ̯ juː hʊn? Who is this?
Pwy sy'n dod? pʊɨ̯ sɪn dɔd? Who is coming?
Pwy yw eich ffrind? pʊɨ̯ juː aɪ̯χ frɪnd? Who is your friend?
Pwy wnaeth hyn? pʊɨ̯ wnaɪ̯θ hɪn? Who did this?
Pwy sydd yn y tŷ? pʊɨ̯ sɪð ɪn ə tɪː? Who is in the house?

Beth (What)[edit | edit source]

Beth is the go-to word for inquiries about objects, concepts, or actions.

Welsh Pronunciation English
Beth yw hwn? bɛθ juː hʊn? What is this?
Beth sy'n digwydd? bɛθ sɪn dɪɡwɪð? What is happening?
Beth yw'r amser? bɛθ juːr ˈam.sɛr? What is the time?
Beth wyt ti'n hoffi? bɛθ uɨt tiːn hɔfɪ? What do you like?
Beth ddigwyddodd? bɛθ ˈðɪɡ.wɪð.ɔð? What happened?

Pryd (When)[edit | edit source]

Asking about time? Pryd is your best friend!

Welsh Pronunciation English
Pryd ydy hi? prɨd ˈə.dɪ hiː? When is she?
Pryd mae'r gêm? prɨd maɪ̯r ɡeɪ̯m? When is the game?
Pryd wyt ti'n mynd? prɨd uɨt tiːn mɪnd? When are you going?
Pryd bydd hi'n dychwelyd? prɨd bɨð hiːn ˈðəχ.wɛ.lɪd? When will she return?
Pryd ydy'r cyfarfod? prɨd ˈədɪr kəˈvaːr.fɔd? When is the meeting?

Ble (Where)[edit | edit source]

To inquire about locations, use Ble.

Welsh Pronunciation English
Ble mae'r to? bleɪ̯ maɪ̯r tɔ? Where is the roof?
Ble wyt ti'n byw? bleɪ̯ uɨt tiːn bɪv? Where do you live?
Ble ydy'r siop? bleɪ̯ ˈədɪr ʃɔp? Where is the shop?
Ble mae'r ysgol? bleɪ̯ maɪ̯r ˈɪs.ɡɔl? Where is the school?
Ble wnaethoch chi fynd? bleɪ̯ wnaɪ̯θɔχ χiː vɪnd? Where did you go?

Pam (Why)[edit | edit source]

Understanding motives? Use Pam to ask why.

Welsh Pronunciation English
Pam wyt ti'n cryfhau? pam uɨt tiːn ˈkʊr.χaɪ̯? Why are you strengthening?
Pam mae'n oer? pam maɪ̯n ɔɪ̯r? Why is it cold?
Pam wnaethoch chi wneud hynny? pam wnaɪ̯θɔχ χiː nʊɨð hɪn? Why did you do that?
Pam ydy'r gân yma? pam ˈədɪr ɡan ˈə.mə? Why is this song?
Pam wyt ti'n hapus? pam uɨt tiːn ˈha.pɪs? Why are you happy?

Sut (How)[edit | edit source]

Lastly, Sut helps you ask about the manner or method of doing something.

Welsh Pronunciation English
Sut wyt ti? sɪt uɨt tiː? How are you?
Sut mae'r gwaith? sɪt maɪ̯r ɡwaɪ̯θ? How is the work?
Sut ddigwyddodd hyn? sɪt ˈðɪɡ.wɪð.ɔð hɪn? How did this happen?
Sut wyt ti'n teimlo? sɪt uɨt tiːn ˈteɪ̯m.lɔ? How do you feel?
Sut gallaf helpu? sɪt ˈɡaɬ.lav ˈhɛl.pɪ? How can I help?

Forming Basic Questions[edit | edit source]

Now that we’ve covered the question words, let’s explore how to form basic questions in Welsh. The structure is relatively simple and straightforward.

1. Start with the question word.

2. Follow it with the verb (if applicable).

3. Add the subject.

4. Complete with any additional information.

For example:

  • Pwy (Who) sy’n (is) y fam (the mother)?
  • Translation: Who is the mother?

Here are some more examples using all the question words:

Welsh Pronunciation English
Pwy sy'n dod i'r parti? pʊɨ̯ sɪn dɔd iːr ˈpar.tɪ? Who is coming to the party?
Beth sy'n digwydd? bɛθ sɪn dɪɡwɪð? What is happening?
Pryd fydd hi'n cyrraedd? prɨd vɨð hiːn ˈkə.ræð? When will she arrive?
Ble mae'r gegin? bleɪ̯ maɪ̯r ˈɡɛ.ɡɪn? Where is the kitchen?
Pam wnaethoch chi wneud hynny? pam wnaɪ̯θɔχ χiː nʊɨð hɪn? Why did you do that?
Sut wyt ti'n teimlo? sɪt uɨt tiːn ˈteɪ̯m.lɔ? How do you feel?

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

To help reinforce your understanding of Welsh question words, here are some exercises. Try to answer the questions using the correct question word.

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences using the appropriate question word.

1. ______ yw'r pen? (What)

2. ______ ydy hi? (Who)

3. ______ wyt ti'n mynd? (When)

4. ______ mae'r tŷ? (Where)

5. ______ wnaethoch chi? (What)

Solutions:

1. Beth yw'r pen?

2. Pwy ydy hi?

3. Pryd wyt ti'n mynd?

4. Ble mae'r tŷ?

5. Beth wnaethoch chi?

Exercise 2: Short Answers[edit | edit source]

Respond to the following questions in Welsh.

1. Pwy sy'n dy ffrind? (Who is your friend?)

2. Beth ydy'r amser? (What is the time?)

3. Pryd wyt ti'n dod? (When are you coming?)

4. Ble wyt ti'n byw? (Where do you live?)

5. Pam wyt ti'n hapus? (Why are you happy?)

Solutions:

1. Mae ______ (My friend is ______)

2. Ydy'r amser ______ (The time is ______)

3. Dw i'n dod ______ (I am coming ______)

4. Dw i'n byw ______ (I live ______)

5. Dwi'n hapus oherwydd ______ (I am happy because ______)

Exercise 3: Create Your Questions[edit | edit source]

Using the question words, create questions for the following answers.

1. ______ yw'r gêm? (What is the game?)

2. ______ sy'n dod i'r cinio? (Who is coming to dinner?)

3. ______ ydy'r penwythnos? (When is the weekend?)

4. ______ mae'r llyfr? (Where is the book?)

5. ______ wnaethoch chi wneud? (What did you do?)

Solutions:

1. Beth yw'r gêm?

2. Pwy sy'n dod i'r cinio?

3. Pryd ydy'r penwythnos?

4. Ble mae'r llyfr?

5. Beth wnaethoch chi wneud?

Exercise 4: Match the Questions[edit | edit source]

Match the question words with their meanings.

| Welsh | English |

|---------|---------------|

| Pwy | a) Why |

| Beth | b) What |

| Pryd | c) When |

| Ble | d) Where |

| Pam | e) Who |

| Sut | f) How |

Solutions:

  • Pwy → e
  • Beth → b
  • Pryd → c
  • Ble → d
  • Pam → a
  • Sut → f

Exercise 5: Role-Playing[edit | edit source]

Pair up with a partner and use the question words to ask each other about your day. Take turns and see how many questions you can ask!

Example Dialogue:

  • A: Pwy wnaeth y gwaith? (Who did the work?)
  • B: Beth yw'r cyfnod? (What is the period?)

Continue this exercise until you've asked at least five questions each!

Exercise 6: Translate the Questions[edit | edit source]

Translate the following questions into Welsh.

1. What is your name?

2. When is the meeting?

3. Where is the bus station?

4. Who is your teacher?

5. Why are you learning Welsh?

Solutions:

1. Beth yw dy enw di?

2. Pryd ydy'r cyfarfod?

3. Ble mae'r gorsaf fysiau?

4. Pwy yw dy athro di?

5. Pam wyt ti'n dysgu Cymraeg?

Exercise 7: Yes or No Questions[edit | edit source]

Transform the following statements into yes or no questions using the question words.

1. You are happy.

2. She is coming.

3. They are here.

4. It is cold.

5. He is your friend.

Solutions:

1. Wyt ti'n hapus? (Are you happy?)

2. Ydy hi'n dod? (Is she coming?)

3. Ydyn nhw yma? (Are they here?)

4. Ydy hi'n oer? (Is it cold?)

5. Ydy e'n ffrind i ti? (Is he your friend?)

Exercise 8: Write a Short Dialogue[edit | edit source]

Write a short dialogue using at least three different question words.

Example:

A: Pwy sy'n dod? (Who is coming?)

B: Mae Tom yn dod. (Tom is coming.)

A: Pryd ydy o'n cyrraedd? (When is he arriving?)

B: Mae o'n cyrraedd am wyth. (He is arriving at eight.)

Solutions will vary based on student responses.

Exercise 9: Identify the Question Word[edit | edit source]

Read the following sentences and identify the question word used.

1. Pam wyt ti'n hoffi siocled?

2. Ble wyt ti'n gweithio?

3. Pryd mae'r cyfarfod?

4. Pwy ydy'r gŵr hwn?

5. Beth wnaethoch chi?

Solutions:

1. Pam

2. Ble

3. Pryd

4. Pwy

5. Beth

Exercise 10: Group Activity[edit | edit source]

Form small groups and take turns asking questions using the question words. Make sure to change the subject with each turn.

Example:

  • A: Pwy yw'r athro? (Who is the teacher?)
  • B: Mae ______ (the teacher is ______)

This activity will not only solidify your understanding but also make learning fun!

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations on completing this lesson on Welsh question words! You've taken significant strides in your Welsh language journey, and mastering these question words is a vital step towards effective communication. Remember to practice regularly, and don't hesitate to use these words in your conversations. The more you engage with the language, the more confident you'll become.

Keep exploring, keep asking questions, and enjoy your Welsh learning adventure!

Table of Contents - Welsh Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Pronouns and Verbs


Numbers and Time


Questions and Negation


Family and Relationships


Adjectives and Adverbs


Food and Drink


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Welsh Traditions and Celebrations


Hobbies and Leisure


Present Continuous and Future


Travel and Transportation


Welsh Literature and History

Videos[edit | edit source]

20 Questions - Welsh language quiz - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Welsh and Cornish languages compared - numbers and questions ...[edit | edit source]



Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]




◀️ Telling Time — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Negation ▶️

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