Difference between revisions of "Language/Maltese/Grammar/Future-Tense"

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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Maltese|Maltese]]  → [[Language/Maltese/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Maltese/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Future Tense</div>


<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Maltese|Maltese]]  → [[Language/Maltese/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Maltese/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Verbs → Future Tense</div>
Welcome to another exciting lesson in our '''Complete 0 to A1 Maltese Course'''! Today, we will dive into the fascinating world of the '''Future Tense''' in Maltese. Understanding how to express future actions is crucial for effective communication, whether you're planning your next holiday in Malta or making arrangements with friends.
 
In this lesson, we will cover the following key points:
 
* What is the future tense?
 
* How to conjugate regular and irregular verbs in the future tense.
 
* Examples of future tense in context.
 
* Exercises to practice what you've learned.
 
By the end of this lesson, you'll be able to form sentences using the future tense confidently, allowing you to express your plans and intentions with ease.


__TOC__
__TOC__


<h1>Introduction</h1>
=== What is the Future Tense? ===
 
The future tense is used to describe actions that will happen at a later time. In Maltese, just like in English, we use specific verb forms to indicate that something is going to take place in the future.
 
=== Conjugating Regular Verbs in the Future Tense ===
 
In Maltese, regular verbs typically follow a predictable pattern when conjugated into the future tense. The base form of the verb is modified with specific endings based on the subject pronoun.
 
Here is a simple breakdown for regular verbs:
 
* '''First Person Singular (I)''': Add '''-n''' to the verb stem.
 
* '''Second Person Singular (you)''': Add '''-k''' to the verb stem.
 
* '''Third Person Singular (he/she/it)''': Add '''-j''' to the verb stem.
 
* '''First Person Plural (we)''': Add '''-na''' to the verb stem.
 
* '''Second Person Plural (you all)''': Add '''-kom''' to the verb stem.
 
* '''Third Person Plural (they)''': Add '''-hom''' to the verb stem.
 
=== Example of Regular Verbs ===
 
Let's take a look at a few regular verbs and how they conjugate in the future tense.
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Maltese !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| jien nibda || jiːɛn nɪbda || I will start
 
|-
 
| int tibda || ɪnt tɪbda || you will start
 
|-
 
| hu jibda || hu jɪbda || he will start
 
|-
 
| hi tibda || hi tɪbda || she will start
 
|-
 
| aħna nibdu || ˈaʃ.nə nɪbdu || we will start
 
|-
 
| intom tibdu || ɪntɔm tɪbdu || you all will start
 
|-
 
| huma jibdu || ˈhuː.mə jɪbdu || they will start
 
|}
 
=== Conjugating Irregular Verbs in the Future Tense ===
 
Irregular verbs can vary significantly in their conjugation patterns. Some common irregular verbs include:
 
* '''Tla' (to go up)'''
 
* '''Tgħallim (to learn)'''
 
* '''Tibda (to start)'''
 
Here’s how these verbs conjugate in the future tense:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Maltese !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| jien nitla' || jiːɛn nɪtlaʕ || I will go up
 
|-
 
| intit titla' || ɪnti tɪtlaʕ || you will go up
 
|-
 
| hu jitla' || hu jɪtlaʕ || he will go up
 
|-


<p>Verbs in Maltese are conjugated to match the subject and tense of the sentence. In this lesson, we will focus on the future tense, and you will learn how to conjugate verbs according to the subject and future tense. This will allow you to talk about events or actions that will happen.</p>
| hi titla' || hi tɪtlaʕ || she will go up


<h2>Future Tense Conjugation</h2>
|-


<p>The future tense in Maltese is formed by adding specific suffixes to the verb root. These suffixes vary according to the subject pronoun. In Maltese, there are two different sets of suffixes, one for regular verbs and one for irregular verbs. We will start with the regular verbs.</p>
| aħna nitilgħu || ˈaʃ.nə nɪtɪlɡu || we will go up


<h3>Regular Verbs</h3>
|-


<p>Regular verbs in Maltese are the verbs that follow a common pattern when being conjugated in the present tense. To conjugate regular verbs in the future tense, follow the following pattern:</p>
| intom titilgħu || ɪntɔm tɪtɪlɡu || you all will go up


<table>
|-
<tr>
<th>Subject</th>
<th>Suffix</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3">I (Jien)</td>
<td>-ni</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">ti</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>-u</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3">You (Int)</td>
<td>-ek</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">t</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>-u</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3">He/She/It (Hu/Hi/Huwa)</td>
<td>-u</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">ti</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>-u</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3">We (Nahna)</td>
<td>-na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">t</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>-u</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3">You (Intom)</td>
<td>-kom</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">t</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>-u</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="3">They (Hemm/Hijiet/Hemm)</td>
<td>-u</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">t</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>-u</td>
</tr>
</table>


<p>Here are some examples of regular verbs conjugated in the future tense:</p>
| huma jitilgħu || ˈhuː.mə jɪtɪlɡu || they will go up


<table>
|}
<tr>
<th>Maltese</th>
<th>Pronunciation</th>
<th>English</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Jien sa nigu</td>
<td>YEEN sah NEE-goo</td>
<td>I will go</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Inti se taghmel</td>
<td>IN-tee seh tagh-MEL</td>
<td>You (sg.) will do</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Huwa sa jibni</td>
<td>HOO-wa sah jib-NEE</td>
<td>He will build</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nahna se naghmlu</td>
<td>NA-na seh nagh-MLOO</td>
<td>We will work</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Intom se titghallmu</td>
<td>IN-tom seh tit-ghall-MOO</td>
<td>You (pl.) will learn</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Hemm se jmorru</td>
<td>Hemm seh YMOO-ru</td>
<td>They will leave</td>
</tr>
</table>


<p>Note that the verb root, which is the base form of the verb, does not change. Only the suffix changes according to the subject pronoun.</p>
=== Examples of Future Tense in Context ===


<h3>Irregular Verbs</h3>
Now that we've covered the basics of conjugation, let's see how the future tense can be used in everyday sentences.


<p>Irregular verbs in Maltese do not follow a specific pattern when being conjugated in the present tense, and the same applies to the future tense. They require special attention when being conjugated in the future tense as their suffixes differ from those of regular verbs. Here are some of the most common irregular verbs and their future tense conjugation:</p>
1. '''Jien se nimxu fil-parkeġġ.''' 


<table>
''I will walk in the park.''
<tr>
<th>Maltese</th>
<th>Pronunciation</th>
<th>English</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Jien se nafx.</td>
<td>YEEN seh NA-fsh.</td>
<td>I will know.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Int se tkellim.</td>
<td>INT seh tkel-LIM.</td>
<td>You (sg.) will speak.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Huwa sa yejja.</td>
<td>HOO-wa sah YEH-ya.</td>
<td>He will come.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Nahna sa nqumu.</td>
<td>NA-na sah n-QOO-moo.</td>
<td>We will wake up.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Intom se tara.</td>
<td>IN-tom seh TA-ra.</td>
<td>You (pl.) will see.</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td>Hemm sa jitilqu.</td>
<td>HEMM sah jih-TIL-koo.</td>
<td>They will leave.</td>
</tr>
</table>


<p>As you may notice, irregular verbs have different future suffixes, so it is important to memorize these suffixes to be able to form correct sentences in the future tense.</p>
2. '''Int se tixrob kafe.''' 


<h2>Using the Future Tense</h2>
''You will drink coffee.''


<p>The future tense is used when we talk about events that will happen at a specific time in the future. It can also be used to express a probability or a supposition about a future event.</p>
3. '''Hu se jagħmel ix-xogħol.''' 


<p>For example:</p>
''He will do the work.''


<ul>
4. '''Hi se tmur il-ħanut.''' 
<li>Jien sa nigu biex nara l-istorja. (I will go to see the history.)</li>
<li>Huwa sa yejja L-Erbgħa. (He will come on Wednesday.)</li>
<li>Nahna se noqogħdu ħalli naraw id-difetti fil-magna. (We will sit and observe the faults in the engine.)</li>
</ul>


<p>As in English, the future tense in Maltese can also be used to express promises, intentions, and requests.</p>
''She will go to the shop.''


<p>For example:</p>
5. '''Aħna se nżuru l-Għarb.''' 


<ul>
''We will visit Gozo.''
<li>Inti waqfet tibda bdewwa. (You should start getting ready.)</li>
<li>Jien se ninsab hawn għall-ħames siegħa. (I shall be here for the fifth hour.)</li>
<li>Intom se tiżżuruni fax-xhur il-ħamestax. (You will visit me in the twelfth month.)</li>
</ul>


<h2>Conclusion</h2>
6. '''Intom se tħarsu l-films.''' 


<p>The future tense in Maltese is formed by adding specific suffixes to the verb root. The suffixes vary according to the subject pronoun and can differ between regular and irregular verbs. The future tense is used to talk about actions or events that will happen in the future, to express probability or supposition, and to make promises, intentions, and requests.</p>
''You all will watch the movies.''
 
7. '''Huma se jiksbu l-biljetti.''' 
 
''They will get the tickets.''
 
8. '''Jien se nara l-aħbarijiet.''' 
 
''I will watch the news.''
 
9. '''Int se toqgħod hawn.''' 
 
''You will stay here.''
 
10. '''Hu se jiddialgaw.''' 
 
''He will chat.''
 
=== Practice Exercises ===
 
Now, let’s put your knowledge to the test! Here are some exercises for you to practice conjugating verbs in the future tense.
 
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks ====
 
Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verb in brackets.
 
1. Jien ______ (to go up) fil-muntanja. 
 
2. Int ______ (to learn) il-lingwa Maltija. 
 
3. Hu ______ (to start) ix-xogħol ġdid. 
 
4. Hi ______ (to drink) l-ilma. 
 
5. Aħna ______ (to visit) il-mużew. 
 
=== Solutions to Exercise 1 ===
 
1. Jien se nitla' fil-muntanja.
 
2. Int se tgħallem il-lingwa Maltija.
 
3. Hu se jibda ix-xogħol ġdid.
 
4. Hi se tixrob l-ilma.
 
5. Aħna se nżuru il-mużew.
 
==== Exercise 2: Translate the sentences ====
 
Translate the following sentences from English to Maltese using the future tense.
 
1. They will play in the garden. 
 
2. We will eat dinner together. 
 
3. She will buy a new dress. 
 
4. You all will travel to Malta. 
 
5. I will call you tomorrow. 
 
=== Solutions to Exercise 2 ===
 
1. Huma se jilagħbu fil-ġnien.
 
2. Aħna se nieklu l-ikla flimkien.
 
3. Hi se tixtri libsa ġdida.
 
4. Intom se tivvjaġġaw lejn Malta.
 
5. Jien se nsejjaħlek għada.
 
==== Exercise 3: Identify the subjects ====
 
Identify the subject pronouns in the following sentences, then rewrite them in future tense.
 
1. Jien se nara l-ħbieb. 
 
2. Int se tgħid il-verità. 
 
3. Hu se jmur il-kinema. 
 
4. Hi se tara l-artisti. 
 
5. Aħna se nagħmlu festa. 
 
=== Solutions to Exercise 3 ===
 
1. Subject: Jien; Future: Jien se nara l-ħbieb.
 
2. Subject: Int; Future: Int se tgħid il-verità.
 
3. Subject: Hu; Future: Hu se jmur il-kinema.
 
4. Subject: Hi; Future: Hi se tara l-artisti.
 
5. Subject: Aħna; Future: Aħna se nagħmlu festa.
 
==== Exercise 4: Complete the dialogue ====
 
Complete the dialogue with the correct future tense verbs.
 
A: X'għandek se tagħmel il-ġimgħa d-dieħla? 
 
B: Jien se ______ (to visit) il-familja tiegħi. 
 
A: U int? 
 
B: Jien se ______ (to work) ħafna. 
 
=== Solutions to Exercise 4 ===
 
A: X'għandek se tagħmel il-ġimgħa d-dieħla? 
 
B: Jien se nżur il-familja tiegħi. 
 
A: U int? 
 
B: Jien se naħdem ħafna.
 
==== Exercise 5: Create your own sentences ====
 
Write five sentences in Maltese using the future tense about your plans for the weekend.
 
=== Solutions to Exercise 5 ===
 
(Students will provide their own sentences, but here’s an example)
 
1. Jien se nżur lil ħabib. 
 
2. Aħna se nimxu fil-parkeġġ. 
 
3. Int se tixrob l-aqwa xorb. 
 
4. Hu se jara film ġdid. 
 
5. Hi se taħdem fuq il-proġett.
 
=== Conclusion ===
 
Congratulations! You've just learned how to conjugate and use the future tense in Maltese. This skill will significantly enhance your ability to communicate about future plans and intentions. Keep practicing, and soon you’ll find that speaking Maltese feels much more natural!


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Maltese Grammar Verbs Future Tense Lesson
 
|keywords=Maltese, future tense, regular verbs, irregular verbs, language
|title=Maltese Grammar - Future Tense
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate verbs in the future tense in Maltese. You will also understand the context and use of Maltese future tense.
 
|keywords=Maltese future tense, Maltese language, learning Maltese, Maltese verbs, conjugation in Maltese
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate verbs in the future tense in Maltese, including examples and practice exercises.
 
}}
}}


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==Sources==
* [http://ablogaboutlanguages.blogspot.com/2016/05/maltese-verbs-learn-future-tense.html Maltese verbs: learn the future tense!]




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==Sources==
* [http://ablogaboutlanguages.blogspot.com/2016/05/maltese-verbs-learn-future-tense.html Maltese verbs: learn the future tense!]


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Latest revision as of 12:52, 2 August 2024

◀️ Past Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Adjectives ▶️

Maltese flag polyglot club wiki.jpg
Maltese → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Future Tense

Welcome to another exciting lesson in our Complete 0 to A1 Maltese Course! Today, we will dive into the fascinating world of the Future Tense in Maltese. Understanding how to express future actions is crucial for effective communication, whether you're planning your next holiday in Malta or making arrangements with friends.

In this lesson, we will cover the following key points:

  • What is the future tense?
  • How to conjugate regular and irregular verbs in the future tense.
  • Examples of future tense in context.
  • Exercises to practice what you've learned.

By the end of this lesson, you'll be able to form sentences using the future tense confidently, allowing you to express your plans and intentions with ease.

What is the Future Tense?[edit | edit source]

The future tense is used to describe actions that will happen at a later time. In Maltese, just like in English, we use specific verb forms to indicate that something is going to take place in the future.

Conjugating Regular Verbs in the Future Tense[edit | edit source]

In Maltese, regular verbs typically follow a predictable pattern when conjugated into the future tense. The base form of the verb is modified with specific endings based on the subject pronoun.

Here is a simple breakdown for regular verbs:

  • First Person Singular (I): Add -n to the verb stem.
  • Second Person Singular (you): Add -k to the verb stem.
  • Third Person Singular (he/she/it): Add -j to the verb stem.
  • First Person Plural (we): Add -na to the verb stem.
  • Second Person Plural (you all): Add -kom to the verb stem.
  • Third Person Plural (they): Add -hom to the verb stem.

Example of Regular Verbs[edit | edit source]

Let's take a look at a few regular verbs and how they conjugate in the future tense.

Maltese Pronunciation English
jien nibda jiːɛn nɪbda I will start
int tibda ɪnt tɪbda you will start
hu jibda hu jɪbda he will start
hi tibda hi tɪbda she will start
aħna nibdu ˈaʃ.nə nɪbdu we will start
intom tibdu ɪntɔm tɪbdu you all will start
huma jibdu ˈhuː.mə jɪbdu they will start

Conjugating Irregular Verbs in the Future Tense[edit | edit source]

Irregular verbs can vary significantly in their conjugation patterns. Some common irregular verbs include:

  • Tla' (to go up)
  • Tgħallim (to learn)
  • Tibda (to start)

Here’s how these verbs conjugate in the future tense:

Maltese Pronunciation English
jien nitla' jiːɛn nɪtlaʕ I will go up
intit titla' ɪnti tɪtlaʕ you will go up
hu jitla' hu jɪtlaʕ he will go up
hi titla' hi tɪtlaʕ she will go up
aħna nitilgħu ˈaʃ.nə nɪtɪlɡu we will go up
intom titilgħu ɪntɔm tɪtɪlɡu you all will go up
huma jitilgħu ˈhuː.mə jɪtɪlɡu they will go up

Examples of Future Tense in Context[edit | edit source]

Now that we've covered the basics of conjugation, let's see how the future tense can be used in everyday sentences.

1. Jien se nimxu fil-parkeġġ.

I will walk in the park.

2. Int se tixrob kafe.

You will drink coffee.

3. Hu se jagħmel ix-xogħol.

He will do the work.

4. Hi se tmur il-ħanut.

She will go to the shop.

5. Aħna se nżuru l-Għarb.

We will visit Gozo.

6. Intom se tħarsu l-films.

You all will watch the movies.

7. Huma se jiksbu l-biljetti.

They will get the tickets.

8. Jien se nara l-aħbarijiet.

I will watch the news.

9. Int se toqgħod hawn.

You will stay here.

10. Hu se jiddialgaw.

He will chat.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now, let’s put your knowledge to the test! Here are some exercises for you to practice conjugating verbs in the future tense.

Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks[edit | edit source]

Complete the sentences using the correct form of the verb in brackets.

1. Jien ______ (to go up) fil-muntanja.

2. Int ______ (to learn) il-lingwa Maltija.

3. Hu ______ (to start) ix-xogħol ġdid.

4. Hi ______ (to drink) l-ilma.

5. Aħna ______ (to visit) il-mużew.

Solutions to Exercise 1[edit | edit source]

1. Jien se nitla' fil-muntanja.

2. Int se tgħallem il-lingwa Maltija.

3. Hu se jibda ix-xogħol ġdid.

4. Hi se tixrob l-ilma.

5. Aħna se nżuru il-mużew.

Exercise 2: Translate the sentences[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences from English to Maltese using the future tense.

1. They will play in the garden.

2. We will eat dinner together.

3. She will buy a new dress.

4. You all will travel to Malta.

5. I will call you tomorrow.

Solutions to Exercise 2[edit | edit source]

1. Huma se jilagħbu fil-ġnien.

2. Aħna se nieklu l-ikla flimkien.

3. Hi se tixtri libsa ġdida.

4. Intom se tivvjaġġaw lejn Malta.

5. Jien se nsejjaħlek għada.

Exercise 3: Identify the subjects[edit | edit source]

Identify the subject pronouns in the following sentences, then rewrite them in future tense.

1. Jien se nara l-ħbieb.

2. Int se tgħid il-verità.

3. Hu se jmur il-kinema.

4. Hi se tara l-artisti.

5. Aħna se nagħmlu festa.

Solutions to Exercise 3[edit | edit source]

1. Subject: Jien; Future: Jien se nara l-ħbieb.

2. Subject: Int; Future: Int se tgħid il-verità.

3. Subject: Hu; Future: Hu se jmur il-kinema.

4. Subject: Hi; Future: Hi se tara l-artisti.

5. Subject: Aħna; Future: Aħna se nagħmlu festa.

Exercise 4: Complete the dialogue[edit | edit source]

Complete the dialogue with the correct future tense verbs.

A: X'għandek se tagħmel il-ġimgħa d-dieħla?

B: Jien se ______ (to visit) il-familja tiegħi.

A: U int?

B: Jien se ______ (to work) ħafna.

Solutions to Exercise 4[edit | edit source]

A: X'għandek se tagħmel il-ġimgħa d-dieħla?

B: Jien se nżur il-familja tiegħi.

A: U int?

B: Jien se naħdem ħafna.

Exercise 5: Create your own sentences[edit | edit source]

Write five sentences in Maltese using the future tense about your plans for the weekend.

Solutions to Exercise 5[edit | edit source]

(Students will provide their own sentences, but here’s an example)

1. Jien se nżur lil ħabib.

2. Aħna se nimxu fil-parkeġġ.

3. Int se tixrob l-aqwa xorb.

4. Hu se jara film ġdid.

5. Hi se taħdem fuq il-proġett.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations! You've just learned how to conjugate and use the future tense in Maltese. This skill will significantly enhance your ability to communicate about future plans and intentions. Keep practicing, and soon you’ll find that speaking Maltese feels much more natural!

Table of Contents - Maltese Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Introduction to Maltese Language


Everyday Vocabulary


Basic Sentence Structure


Nouns and Pronouns


Verbs


Adjectives and Adverbs


Food and Drinks


Family and Relationships


Hobbies and Leisure


Maltese History and Traditions


Maltese Cuisine


Travel and Tourism

Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]




◀️ Past Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Adjectives ▶️

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