Difference between revisions of "Language/Sinhala/Grammar/Passive-Voice"

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Sinhala → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Passive Voice

Welcome to the fascinating world of Sinhala grammar! Today, we are going to dive into a topic that is not only intriguing but also incredibly useful: the Passive Voice. Understanding how to use the passive voice can help you express actions and events without focusing on who performed them. This is particularly useful in Sinhala, where sometimes the doer of the action is either unknown or irrelevant.

In this lesson, we'll explore the structure and function of the passive voice in Sinhala, providing you with examples and exercises to solidify your understanding. By the end of this lesson, you should feel confident using the passive voice in your conversations and writing.

Let's outline what we'll cover:

What is the Passive Voice?

How to Form the Passive Voice in Sinhala

Examples of Passive Voice

Exercises to Practice

Detailed Solutions and Explanations

What is the Passive Voice?[edit | edit source]

The passive voice is a grammatical construction where the subject of the sentence receives the action rather than performing it. In English, you might say, "The book was read by the teacher," rather than "The teacher read the book." The focus shifts from the doer to the action itself. In Sinhala, the passive voice serves a similar purpose, allowing for flexibility in sentence structure and emphasis.

How to Form the Passive Voice in Sinhala[edit | edit source]

Forming the passive voice in Sinhala involves a few steps:

1. Identify the verb in the sentence.

2. Change the verb form to its passive counterpart.

3. Add the appropriate subject if needed (though it can often be omitted).

In Sinhala, the passive voice is generally formed using the verb root followed by the suffix "මෙයි" (meyi) or "විය" (viya), depending on the tense and context.

Let's look at a few examples to illustrate this.

Examples of Passive Voice[edit | edit source]

Here are some examples to help you understand how the passive voice is used in Sinhala:

Sinhala	Pronunciation	English
පොත කියවී ඇත	potha kiyavī aetha	The book has been read
කෑම කෑවී	kæma kævī	The food has been eaten
පුවත ලියවී	puwatha liyavī	The news has been written
ගීතය ගැන්වී	gīthaya gænvī	The song has been sung
කාර්යය නිමවී	kāryaya nimavī	The task has been completed
පිළිතුර දී තිබී	piḷithura dī thibī	The answer has been given
වැඩ සම්පූර්ණ විය	væda sampūrna viya	The work has been finished
විවාහය පැවැත්වි	vivāhaya pævætvi	The wedding has been held
තේ සෙවී	thē sevī	The tea is being served
නිවස වාසය කරන	nivasa vāsaya karana	The house is being lived in

In these examples, you can see how the focus is on the action rather than the subject. Now that we have a grasp of the structure, let’s practice!

Exercises to Practice[edit | edit source]

Here are some exercises to help you apply what you've learned about the passive voice. Try to convert the following active sentences into passive voice.

1. The teacher teaches the students.

2. They will build a new house.

3. She writes a letter.

4. The chef is cooking a meal.

5. The children play games.

6. The gardener waters the plants.

7. The police caught the thief.

8. The doctor examined the patient.

9. The company launched a new product.

10. The artist painted a beautiful picture.

Detailed Solutions and Explanations[edit | edit source]

Let’s go through the solutions for the exercises above:

1. The students are taught by the teacher.

Sinhala: ශිෂ්‍යයන්ට ඉගැන්වී || shiṣyayanta igænvi ||

2. A new house will be built.

Sinhala: නව නිවසක් ඉදිවී || nava nivasak idivī ||

3. A letter is written by her.

Sinhala: ලිපිය ලියවී || lipiya liyavī ||

4. A meal is being cooked by the chef.

Sinhala: ආහාරය පිසෙවී || āhāraya pisavī ||

5. Games are played by the children.

Sinhala: ළමුන්ගේ ක්‍රීඩා කරනු ලැබේ || lamun̄gē krīḍā karanu læbē ||

6. The plants are watered by the gardener.

Sinhala: පැළය ගැසී || pæḷaya gæsi ||

7. The thief was caught by the police.

Sinhala: හොරයා අල්ලා ගෙන ඇත || horayā allā gena aetha ||

8. The patient was examined by the doctor.

Sinhala: රෝගියා පරීක්ෂා විය || rōgiyā parīkṣā viya ||

9. A new product was launched by the company.

Sinhala: නව නිෂ්පාදනය නිකුත් කෙරේ || nava niṣpādanaya nikuth kærē ||

10. A beautiful picture was painted by the artist.

Sinhala: සුන්දර චිත්‍රයක් ඇඳී || sundara citrayak ændī ||

Now that you've gone through these exercises, you should have a clearer understanding of how to use the passive voice in Sinhala. Remember, practice makes perfect!

Keep engaging with the language, and don't hesitate to revisit this lesson whenever you need to refresh your memory. The more you practice, the more natural it will become.

Happy learning, and see you in the next lesson!

Table of Contents - Sinhala Course - 0 to A1[edit source]

Course Presentation

Unit 1: Introduction

Unit 2: Basic Grammar

Unit 3: Sinhala Culture

Unit 4: Daily Life

Unit 5: Advanced Grammar

Unit 6: Sinhala Society

Unit 7: Holidays and Travel

Unit 8: Conversational Sinhala

Unit 9: Sinhala History

Unit 10: Proficiency Test Preparation

Videos[edit | edit source]

Passive Voice - Lesson 01 - Learn English in Sinhala - YouTube[edit | edit source]

Passive Voice in Sinhala (Full Lesson) | Learn English in Sinhala ...[edit | edit source]

Passive voice in English grammar in sinhala | Passive සරල ...[edit | edit source]

Passive Voice all tenses | Learn English in Sinhala ( New Step-by[edit | edit source]

Sources[edit | edit source]

Other Lessons[edit | edit source]

◀️ Conditional and Subjunctive — Previous Lesson	Next Lesson — Sinhala Folklore and Legends ▶️

@@ Line 9: / Line 9: @@
 {{Sinhala-Page-Top}}
-<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Sinhala|Sinhala]]  → [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Unit 5: Advanced Grammar → Passive Voice</div>
+<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Sinhala|Sinhala]]  → [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Sinhala/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Passive Voice</div>
-__TOC__
+Welcome to the fascinating world of Sinhala grammar! Today, we are going to dive into a topic that is not only intriguing but also incredibly useful: the '''Passive Voice'''. Understanding how to use the passive voice can help you express actions and events without focusing on who performed them. This is particularly useful in Sinhala, where sometimes the doer of the action is either unknown or irrelevant.
+In this lesson, we'll explore the structure and function of the passive voice in Sinhala, providing you with examples and exercises to solidify your understanding. By the end of this lesson, you should feel confident using the passive voice in your conversations and writing.
-== Introduction ==
+Let's outline what we'll cover:
-Welcome to Unit 5 of our "Complete 0 to A1 Sinhala Course"! In this unit, we will delve into the intricacies of advanced grammar in the Sinhala language. Our focus for this lesson is the passive voice. The passive voice allows us to talk about actions and events without mentioning who does or did them. It is an important grammatical structure that will help you express yourself more effectively in Sinhala.
+* '''What is the Passive Voice?'''
-Throughout this lesson, we will explore the usage, formation, and examples of the passive voice in Sinhala. We will also touch upon cultural aspects related to the topic, providing you with not only a comprehensive understanding of the grammar but also insights into the Sinhala language and its cultural context.
+* '''How to Form the Passive Voice in Sinhala'''
-So, let's dive into the fascinating world of the passive voice in Sinhala!
+* '''Examples of Passive Voice'''
-== The Passive Voice in Sinhala ==
+* '''Exercises to Practice'''
-. Understanding the Passive Voice
+* '''Detailed Solutions and Explanations'''
-The passive voice is used to shift the focus from the doer of the action to the receiver of the action. In other words, it allows us to emphasize the object or the recipient of the action rather than the subject or the doer.
-In Sinhala, the passive voice is formed by using the verb stem followed by the particle "ද" (da) and the verb ending "මු" (mu). For example, let's take the verb "පාර" (para) which means "to read". The passive voice of this verb would be "පාරදමු" (para damu), which means "to be read".
+__TOC__
-. Usage of the Passive Voice
+=== What is the Passive Voice? ===
-The passive voice is used in various situations in Sinhala. Here are some common usages:
-- When the doer of the action is unknown or unimportant:
+The passive voice is a grammatical construction where the subject of the sentence receives the action rather than performing it. In English, you might say, "The book was read by the teacher," rather than "The teacher read the book." The focus shifts from the doer to the action itself. In Sinhala, the passive voice serves a similar purpose, allowing for flexibility in sentence structure and emphasis.
-  - මාව සුළු පාට දුටුවීය. (Māva sulupa pāta dutuwīya.)
-    (I was given a beautiful gift.)
-  - මම මිනිසුන්ට ප්‍රසිද්ධ වීම් දුටුම්දීය. (Mama minisunti prasidu wīmusīya.)
-    (I was informed by the students.)
-- When the receiver of the action is more important:
+=== How to Form the Passive Voice in Sinhala ===
-  - එය ස්වයංක්‍රියව සිදු වීම් යන්න පට්ටමක් ඇතුලත්වීය. (Eya svaṃkrīyava sidu wīmus yanna pattamak ātultuvīya.)
-    (It is important to be disciplined.)
-- When the action is a general truth or a habitual action:
+Forming the passive voice in Sinhala involves a few steps:
-  - මිනිසුන් සහෝදරයේ යමු. (Minisunti sahodaraye yamu.)
-    (Students are respected.)
-. Formation of the Passive Voice
+. '''Identify the verb''' in the sentence.
-To form the passive voice in Sinhala, follow these steps:
-Step 1: Remove the verb ending (මු or වු) from the verb stem.
+. '''Change the verb form''' to its passive counterpart.
-Step 2: Add the particle "ද" (da) after the verb stem.
-Step 3: Add the appropriate verb ending based on the tense, mood, or aspect.
-For example, let's take the verb "පාර" (para) which means "to read". Here's how we can form the passive voice:
+. '''Add the appropriate subject''' if needed (though it can often be omitted).
-Present Tense:
+In Sinhala, the passive voice is generally formed using the verb root followed by the suffix "මෙයි" (meyi) or "විය" (viya), depending on the tense and context.
-- Singular: පාරදමුය (para damuya) - is being read
-- Plural: පාරදමුයි (para damuyi) - are being read
-Past Tense:
+Let's look at a few examples to illustrate this.
-- Singular: පාරදමුවීය (para damuwīya) - was/were read
-- Plural: පාරදමුවීයි (para damuwīyi) - were read
-Future Tense:
+==== Examples of Passive Voice ====
-- Singular: පාරදමුන්ට (para damunti) - will be read
-- Plural: පාරදමුන්ටි (para damunti) - will be read
-. Examples of the Passive Voice
+Here are some examples to help you understand how the passive voice is used in Sinhala:
-Let's see some examples of the passive voice in action:
 {| class="wikitable"
 ! Sinhala !! Pronunciation !! English
+|-
+| පොත කියවී ඇත || potha kiyavī aetha || The book has been read
+|-
+| කෑම කෑවී || kæma kævī || The food has been eaten
+|-
+| පුවත ලියවී || puwatha liyavī || The news has been written
+|-
+| ගීතය ගැන්වී || gīthaya gænvī || The song has been sung
+|-
+| කාර්යය නිමවී || kāryaya nimavī || The task has been completed
+|-
+| පිළිතුර දී තිබී || piḷithura dī thibī || The answer has been given
 |-
-| පාරදමුය. || Para damuya. || It is being read.
+| වැඩ සම්පූර්ණ විය || væda sampūrna viya || The work has been finished
 |-
-| පාරදමුවීයි. || Para damuwīyi. || They were read.
+| විවාහය පැවැත්වි || vivāhaya pævætvi || The wedding has been held
 |-
-| පාරදමුන්ටි. || Para damunti. || They will be read.
+| තේ සෙවී || thē sevī || The tea is being served
+|-
+| නිවස වාසය කරන || nivasa vāsaya karana || The house is being lived in
 |}
-== Cultural Insights ==
+In these examples, you can see how the focus is on the action rather than the subject. Now that we have a grasp of the structure, let’s practice!
+=== Exercises to Practice ===
+Here are some exercises to help you apply what you've learned about the passive voice. Try to convert the following active sentences into passive voice.
+. The teacher teaches the students.
+. They will build a new house.
+. She writes a letter.
+. The chef is cooking a meal.
-The usage and understanding of the passive voice can vary across different regions and cultures. In Sinhala, the passive voice is commonly used to show respect and humility, especially when talking about oneself or others. It is a way of downplaying personal achievements or actions and attributing them to external factors or circumstances.
+. The children play games.
-In Sinhala culture, there is an emphasis on collectivism and harmony within the community. The passive voice reflects this cultural value by shifting the focus from the individual to the collective. It promotes a sense of interconnectedness and shared responsibility, where actions and events are seen as a result of collective efforts rather than individual achievements.
+. The gardener waters the plants.
-An interesting cultural fact related to the passive voice in Sinhala is the concept of "අපිට දාන්න" (apitu danna), which translates to "let it be done by us". This phrase is often used in situations where a task or responsibility is shared among a group of people. It reflects the collective mindset and highlights the importance of collaboration and cooperation in achieving goals.
+. The police caught the thief.
-== Practice Exercises ==
+. The doctor examined the patient.
-Now it's time to put your knowledge of the passive voice into practice! Complete the following exercises and check your answers below:
+. The company launched a new product.
-Exercise 1: Form the passive voice of the following verbs in Sinhala:
+. The artist painted a beautiful picture.
-. රැස්වීම් (rāsvīmus) - to clean
+=== Detailed Solutions and Explanations ===
-. අරුතිය (aruthiya) - to help
-. පිටිය (pitīya) - to open
-. සුපිරිම (supirim) - to love
-. අපිට දාන්න (apitu danna) - to do collectively
-Exercise 2: Translate the following sentences into English using the passive voice in Sinhala:
+Let’s go through the solutions for the exercises above:
-. මම දැන් හාමුදුන්ගේ සහෝදරයි.
+. The students are taught by the teacher.
-. එය වනවිට පෙර මාව සුළු තියෙන්නෙයි.
-. එය දුටු පෙර මම හාමුදුන්ට සේවා කරනවා.
-. මම බලන්නෙයි කියලා එයින් පාඩු කරාමු.
-Exercise 3: Rewrite the following sentences in the active voice in Sinhala:
+* Sinhala: ශිෂ්‍යයන්ට ඉගැන්වී || shiṣyayanta igænvi ||
-. මම විශ්වාසයි දැන් සිටියි.
+. A new house will be built.
-. එය විශ්වාසයි කරුණාවයි.
-. මම විශ්වාසයි හාමුදුන්ගේ සහෝදරයි.
-. මම විශ්වාසයේ තියෙන්නෙයි කියලා එයින් පාඩු කරනවා.
-== Answer Key ==
+* Sinhala: නව නිවසක් ඉදිවී || nava nivasak idivī ||
-Exercise 1:
+. A letter is written by her.
-. රැස්වීම් (rāsvīmus) - රැස්වදමුය (rāsuvadamuya)
+* Sinhala: ලිපිය ලියවී || lipiya liyavī ||
-. අරුතිය (aruthiya) - අරුතිදමුය (aruthidamuya)
-. පිටිය (pitīya) - පිටිදමුය (pitidamuya)
-. සුපිරිම (supirim) - සුපිරිදමුය (supiridamuya)
-. අපිට දාන්න (apitu danna) - අපිට දමුය (apitu damuya)
-Exercise 2:
+. A meal is being cooked by the chef.
-. I am respected by my teachers.
+* Sinhala: ආහාරය පිසෙවී || āhāraya pisavī ||
-. It was given to me earlier.
-. It is being served to me by the waiters.
-. I am loved by my parents.
-Exercise 3:
+. Games are played by the children.
-. I know the answer.
+* Sinhala: ළමුන්ගේ ක්‍රීඩා කරනු ලැබේ || lamun̄gē krīḍā karanu læbē ||
-. It creates a problem.
-. I am respected by my teachers.
+. The plants are watered by the gardener.
-. I am doing the work in the classroom.
+* Sinhala: පැළය ගැසී || pæḷaya gæsi ||
+. The thief was caught by the police.
+* Sinhala: හොරයා අල්ලා ගෙන ඇත || horayā allā gena aetha ||
+. The patient was examined by the doctor.
+* Sinhala: රෝගියා පරීක්ෂා විය || rōgiyā parīkṣā viya ||
+. A new product was launched by the company.
+* Sinhala: නව නිෂ්පාදනය නිකුත් කෙරේ || nava niṣpādanaya nikuth kærē ||
+. A beautiful picture was painted by the artist.
+* Sinhala: සුන්දර චිත්‍රයක් ඇඳී || sundara citrayak ændī ||
+Now that you've gone through these exercises, you should have a clearer understanding of how to use the passive voice in Sinhala. Remember, practice makes perfect!
+Keep engaging with the language, and don't hesitate to revisit this lesson whenever you need to refresh your memory. The more you practice, the more natural it will become.
+Happy learning, and see you in the next lesson!
 {{#seo:
-|title=Sinhala Grammar → Unit 5: Advanced Grammar → Passive Voice
-|keywords=Sinhala grammar, Sinhala course, Sinhala language, passive voice in Sinhala
+|title=Learn Passive Voice in Sinhala
-|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use the passive voice in Sinhala to talk about actions and events without mentioning the doer. Explore the formation, usage, and cultural insights related to the passive voice in Sinhala.
+|keywords=sinhala grammar, passive voice, learn Sinhala, Sinhala exercises, Sinhala language
+|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use the passive voice in Sinhala, complete with examples and practice exercises.
 }}
-{{Sinhala-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
+{{Template:Sinhala-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
 [[Category:Course]]
@@ Line 149: / Line 189: @@
 [[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
 [[Category:Sinhala-0-to-A1-Course]]
-<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
+<span openai_correct_model></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-4o-mini></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
 ==Videos==