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{{Northern-kurdish-Page-Top}}
{{Northern-kurdish-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Northern-kurdish|Northern Kurdish]]  → [[Language/Northern-kurdish/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Northern-kurdish/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Future Tense</div>
Welcome to the fascinating world of Northern Kurdish grammar! In this lesson, we will explore a crucial aspect of the language: the '''future tense'''. Understanding how to express future actions and events will significantly enhance your ability to communicate effectively in Northern Kurdish.
As you embark on this journey, remember that mastering the future tense will allow you to talk about plans, predictions, and things that will happen. Whether you're discussing your weekend plans or expressing your hopes for the future, the future tense is an essential building block in your language toolkit.


<div class="pg_page_title">Northern Kurdish Grammar - Future Tense</div>
To help you navigate this topic, we will break down the lesson into several parts:


Hi [https://polyglotclub.com/language/northern-kurdish Northern Kurdish] learners! 😊<br>
1. '''Introduction to the Future Tense'''
In this lesson, we will learn about the future tense in Northern Kurdish. We will study how to form and use the future tense, and provide you with lots of examples and cultural information to help you understand.  
 
2. '''Formation of the Future Tense'''
 
3. '''Examples of Future Tense Usage'''
 
4. '''Exercises to Practice Future Tense Conjugation'''
 
5. '''Solutions and Explanations for Exercises'''
 
Let's dive in!


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Introduction ==
=== Introduction to the Future Tense ===
 
The future tense in Northern Kurdish is used to indicate actions or events that will occur after the present moment. Just as in English, where you might say "I will eat" or "They will go," Northern Kurdish uses specific conjugations to convey future meaning. Mastering the future tense is vital for expressing intentions, plans, and predictions.
 
=== Formation of the Future Tense ===
 
In Northern Kurdish, the future tense is constructed using the verb root followed by specific suffixes. The basic structure includes the verb root and the future tense marker. Here's how it works:
 
1. '''Identify the verb root:''' This is the basic form of the verb without any endings.
 
2. '''Add the appropriate suffix:''' The suffixes typically depend on the subject pronoun.
 
Here’s a breakdown of the future tense suffixes for different subject pronouns:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Subject Pronoun !! Future Tense Suffix
 
|-
 
| I (Ez) || -îm
 
|-
 
| You (Tu) || -î
 
|-
 
| He/She/It (Ew) || -e
 
|-


The future tense is used to talk about events or actions that will happen in the future. In Northern Kurdish, we use different verb endings to create the future tense. We will explore these endings and provide examples to help you understand.
| We (Em) || -in


|-


<span link>Don't hesitate to look into these other pages after completing this lesson: [[Language/Northern-kurdish/Grammar/Subordinating-Conjunctions|Subordinating Conjunctions]] & [[Language/Northern-kurdish/Grammar/Place-Adverbs|Place Adverbs]].</span>
| You (plural or formal) (Hûn) || -in
== Forming the Future Tense ==


In Northern Kurdish, we can form the future tense by adding the following endings to the verb stems:  
|-
 
| They (Ew) || -in
 
|}
 
To form a future tense verb, you simply take the root of the verb and add the appropriate suffix according to the subject pronoun. For example, the verb "to go" (çûn) in the future tense would be conjugated as follows:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Verb !! Future Tense Ending !! Example
 
! Northern Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Ez ê çim || /ɛz ɛˈe tʃɨm/ || I will go
 
|-
|-
| nauzin (to read) || -kê || Ez nêzîkê akamê bûma. (I will read a book.)
 
| Tu ê çî || /tu ɛˈe tʃɨ/ || You will go
 
|-
|-
| diçin (to go) || -ê || Ez dê derbasî bazarê bikim. (I will go to the market.)
 
| Ew ê çe || /ew ɛˈe tʃɛ/ || He/She/It will go
 
|-
|-
| dibêjin (to say) || -in || Tu wisa dibêjîn. (You will say it like that.)
 
| Em ê çin || /ɛm ɛˈe tʃɨn/ || We will go
 
|-
|-
| dinasin (to know) || -n || Em nêzîkê wan in. (We know them.)
 
| Hûn ê çin || /hʊn ɛˈe tʃɨn/ || You (plural) will go
 
|-
 
| Ew ê çin || /ew ɛˈe tʃɨn/ || They will go
 
|}
|}


As you can see, the future tense endings differ depending on the verb stems. It is important to learn these correctly in order to use the future tense accurately.
=== Examples of Future Tense Usage ===
 
Now that we understand how to form the future tense, let's look at some more examples with different verbs. Below are 20 examples illustrating the future tense in action:
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Northern Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Ez ê xwarin || /ɛz ɛˈe xwɑˈrin/ || I will eat
 
|-
 
| Tu ê vexwarin || /tu ɛˈe vɛxwɑˈrin/ || You will drink
 
|-
 
| Ew ê nivîsin || /ew ɛˈe nɨˈviːsɨn/ || He/She/It will write
 
|-
 
| Em ê fêr bibin || /ɛm ɛˈe fɛːr bɨˈbɨn/ || We will learn
 
|-
 
| Hûn ê bixin || /hʊn ɛˈe bɨˈxɨn/ || You (plural) will buy
 
|-
 
| Ew ê çêkin || /ew ɛˈe tʃɛˈkɨn/ || They will do
 
|-
 
| Ez ê girtin || /ɛz ɛˈe ɡɨrˈtɨn/ || I will hold
 
|-
 
| Tu ê pêşniyarî bidî || /tu ɛˈe pɛʃˈniːjaˈrɨ bɨˈdi/ || You will suggest
 
|-
 
| Ew ê tevlîbûn || /ew ɛˈe tɛvˈliːˈbʊn/ || He/She/It will join
 
|-
 
| Em ê çandîn || /ɛm ɛˈe tʃanˈdɨn/ || We will cultivate
 
|-
 
| Hûn ê şîrîn || /hʊn ɛˈe ʃiˈriːn/ || You (plural) will sweeten
 
|-
 
| Ew ê bînin || /ew ɛˈe biˈnɨn/ || They will see
 
|-


== Using the Future Tense ==
| Ez ê gotin || /ɛz ɛˈe ɡoˈtɨn/ || I will say


The future tense is commonly used to talk about future plans or events. Here are some examples:
|-


* Yarî dûr e, dê em derbasî wîjanî bimînin. (Tomorrow is far, we will visit our friends after tomorrow.)
| Tu ê biceribîn || /tu ɛˈe biˈtʃɛˈrɨˈbɨn/ || You will try


* Şopandin û muzîk destpêkê saet 8-ê bûne. Dê şîrkên din bi saet 9-ê dest pê bikin. (The concert and music performances started at 8. Other songs will start at 9.)
|-


* Ezê berê xwe li bistanê veşartim. (I will hike in the woods in advance.)
| Ew ê xwînin || /ew ɛˈe xwiˈnɨn/ || He/She/It will read


As with all languages, the context of a conversation will also dictate the use of the future tense.
|-


== Cultural Information ==
| Em ê çêbikin || /ɛm ɛˈe tʃɛˈbɨˈkɨn/ || We will make


In Northern Kurdish culture, it is considered rude to arrive at a friend's house or event without giving advance notice. Therefore, it is common to use the future tense when making plans with friends or family.
|-


For example:
| Hûn ê pêşveçûn || /hʊn ɛˈe pɛʃˈvɛˈtʃʊn/ || You (plural) will progress


* Em dêşta şevê vegerin. (We will return to the restaurant in the evening.)
|-


* Dê em li seriya xwe biçin Ewropayê. (We will leave for Europe at the beginning of the month.)
| Ew ê dîtin || /ew ɛˈe diˈtɨn/ || They will watch


Additionally, the future tense is used to express politeness in Northern Kurdish. For example, when making a request, the future tense can be used:
|-


* Tu dê ez û te biaxivim? (Can we eat together?)
| Ez ê şûr || /ɛz ɛˈe ʃuːɾ/ || I will shout


== Dialogue ==
|-
 
| Tu ê bûyî || /tu ɛˈe buˈji/ || You will become
 
|-


To further understand the future tense in Northern Kurdish, let's take a look at a conversation between two friends planning a trip:
| Ew ê şopandin || /ew ɛˈe ʃoˈpændɨn/ || He/She/It will show


* Person 1: Ez dê hûnê bikevin bajarê Ewrûpa. (I will go to Europe.)
|}
* Person 2: Ma tu çima dixwazî jînê bikî? (Why do you want to go there?)
* Person 1: Ji ber ku ez ji wê welatê pir kêfxweş im, û hûn jî li wê derê xweş biaxivin. (Because I am very happy with that country, and you can also have a nice trip there.)
* Person 2: Bala min jî yek wisa bû. Dê em jiyan bikin. (I also thought about that, we will have fun.)


== Sources ==
=== Exercises to Practice Future Tense Conjugation ===
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kurdish_languages Kurdish languages]
 
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Northern_Kurdish Northern Kurdish]
Now that you have a grasp of how to form and use the future tense, it’s time to put your skills to the test! Here are ten exercises designed to help you practice:
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Future_tense Future tense]
 
1. '''Conjugate the verb "to go" (çûn)''' in the future tense for all subject pronouns.
 
2. '''Translate the following sentences into Northern Kurdish:'''
 
* I will eat.
 
* They will drink.
 
3. '''Fill in the blanks with the correct future tense form of the verb "to write" (nivîsîn):'''
 
* Ez ê ________.
 
* Hûn ê ________.
 
4. '''Change the following sentences to the future tense:'''
 
* I see the mountain.
 
* We learn the language.
 
5. '''Create sentences using the future tense for the following verbs: "to go" (çûn), "to buy" (kirin), "to make" (çêkirin).'''
 
6. '''Match the subject pronouns with their future tense suffixes:'''
 
* Ez    a) -in
 
* Hûn  b) -e
 
* Ew    c) -îm
 
7. '''Write a short paragraph describing your plans for the weekend using at least five future tense verbs.'''
 
8. '''Identify the incorrect future tense forms in the following sentences and correct them:'''
 
* Tu ê girtin.
 
* Em ê xwarin.
 
9. '''Translate the following Northern Kurdish sentences into English:'''
 
* Ew ê nivîsin.
 
* Em ê şîrîn.
 
10. '''Fill in the table with the correct future tense forms for the verb "to learn" (fêr bûn):'''
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Northern Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English
 
|-
 
| Ez ê _______ || /ɛz ɛˈe fɛˈr bʊn/ || I will learn
 
|-
 
| Tu ê _______ || /tu ɛˈe fɛˈr bʊn/ || You will learn
 
|-
 
| Ew ê _______ || /ew ɛˈe fɛˈr bʊn/ || He/She/It will learn
 
|-
 
| Em ê _______ || /ɛm ɛˈe fɛˈr bʊn/ || We will learn
 
|-
 
| Hûn ê _______ || /hʊn ɛˈe fɛˈr bʊn/ || You (plural) will learn
 
|-
 
| Ew ê _______ || /ew ɛˈe fɛˈr bʊn/ || They will learn
 
|}
 
=== Solutions and Explanations for Exercises ===
 
Let’s go over the answers and explanations for the exercises to ensure you understand the future tense completely.
 
1. '''Conjugate the verb "to go" (çûn) in the future tense:'''
 
* Ez ê çim
 
* Tu ê çî
 
* Ew ê çe
 
* Em ê çin
 
* Hûn ê çin
 
* Ew ê çin
 
2. '''Translations:'''
 
* Ez ê xwarim.
 
* Ew ê vexwarin.
 
3. '''Fill in the blanks:'''
 
* Ez ê nivîsim.
 
* Hûn ê nivîsin.
 
4. '''Change to future tense:'''
 
* Ez ê dîtim (I will see the mountain).
 
* Em ê fêr bibin (We will learn the language).
 
5. '''Sample sentences:'''
 
* Ez ê çim (I will go).
 
* Hûn ê bixin (You will buy).
 
* Ew ê çêkin (He/She/It will do).
 
6. '''Match the subject pronouns:'''
 
* Ez    c) -îm
 
* Hûn  a) -in
 
* Ew    b) -e
 
7. '''Sample paragraph:''' (Answers will vary, but should use future tense verbs.)
 
8. '''Incorrect forms:''' (Examples may vary but should be corrected based on suffix rules.)
 
9. '''Translations:'''
 
* Ew ê nivîsin. (He/She/It will write.)
 
* Em ê şîrîn. (We will sweeten.)
 
10. '''Fill in the table for "to learn":'''
 
* Ez ê fêr bibim
 
* Tu ê fêr bibî
 
* Ew ê fêr bibe
 
* Em ê fêr bibin
 
* Hûn ê fêr bibin
 
* Ew ê fêr bibin
 
Congratulations! You’ve just taken a big step in mastering the future tense of Northern Kurdish. Keep practicing, and soon you’ll be able to express your thoughts and plans with ease. Remember, learning a language is a journey, and each lesson brings you closer to your goal.


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Northern Kurdish Grammar - Future Tense
|keywords=Northern Kurdish grammar, future tense, Kurdish language, verb endings, Kurdish culture, conversation, examples.
|description=Learn how to form and use the future tense in Northern Kurdish language. Northern Kurdish grammar explained with cultural information and interesting examples.
}}


<hr>➡ If you have any questions, please ask them in the comments section below.<br>➡ Feel free to edit this wiki page if you think it can be improved. 😎
|title=Northern Kurdish Future Tense Lesson
 
|keywords=Northern Kurdish, future tense, language learning, verb conjugation, Kurdish grammar
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to use the future tense in Northern Kurdish, including its formation, examples, and practice exercises.
 
}}
 
{{Template:Northern-kurdish-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
 
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* [[Language/Northern-kurdish/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]
* [[Language/Northern-kurdish/Grammar/Conditional-Mood|Conditional Mood]]


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Latest revision as of 10:35, 1 August 2024

◀️ Past Tense — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Negative Statements ▶️

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Northern Kurdish → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Future Tense

Welcome to the fascinating world of Northern Kurdish grammar! In this lesson, we will explore a crucial aspect of the language: the future tense. Understanding how to express future actions and events will significantly enhance your ability to communicate effectively in Northern Kurdish.

As you embark on this journey, remember that mastering the future tense will allow you to talk about plans, predictions, and things that will happen. Whether you're discussing your weekend plans or expressing your hopes for the future, the future tense is an essential building block in your language toolkit.

To help you navigate this topic, we will break down the lesson into several parts:

1. Introduction to the Future Tense

2. Formation of the Future Tense

3. Examples of Future Tense Usage

4. Exercises to Practice Future Tense Conjugation

5. Solutions and Explanations for Exercises

Let's dive in!

Introduction to the Future Tense[edit | edit source]

The future tense in Northern Kurdish is used to indicate actions or events that will occur after the present moment. Just as in English, where you might say "I will eat" or "They will go," Northern Kurdish uses specific conjugations to convey future meaning. Mastering the future tense is vital for expressing intentions, plans, and predictions.

Formation of the Future Tense[edit | edit source]

In Northern Kurdish, the future tense is constructed using the verb root followed by specific suffixes. The basic structure includes the verb root and the future tense marker. Here's how it works:

1. Identify the verb root: This is the basic form of the verb without any endings.

2. Add the appropriate suffix: The suffixes typically depend on the subject pronoun.

Here’s a breakdown of the future tense suffixes for different subject pronouns:

Subject Pronoun Future Tense Suffix
I (Ez) -îm
You (Tu) -î
He/She/It (Ew) -e
We (Em) -in
You (plural or formal) (Hûn) -in
They (Ew) -in

To form a future tense verb, you simply take the root of the verb and add the appropriate suffix according to the subject pronoun. For example, the verb "to go" (çûn) in the future tense would be conjugated as follows:

Northern Kurdish Pronunciation English
Ez ê çim /ɛz ɛˈe tʃɨm/ I will go
Tu ê çî /tu ɛˈe tʃɨ/ You will go
Ew ê çe /ew ɛˈe tʃɛ/ He/She/It will go
Em ê çin /ɛm ɛˈe tʃɨn/ We will go
Hûn ê çin /hʊn ɛˈe tʃɨn/ You (plural) will go
Ew ê çin /ew ɛˈe tʃɨn/ They will go

Examples of Future Tense Usage[edit | edit source]

Now that we understand how to form the future tense, let's look at some more examples with different verbs. Below are 20 examples illustrating the future tense in action:

Northern Kurdish Pronunciation English
Ez ê xwarin /ɛz ɛˈe xwɑˈrin/ I will eat
Tu ê vexwarin /tu ɛˈe vɛxwɑˈrin/ You will drink
Ew ê nivîsin /ew ɛˈe nɨˈviːsɨn/ He/She/It will write
Em ê fêr bibin /ɛm ɛˈe fɛːr bɨˈbɨn/ We will learn
Hûn ê bixin /hʊn ɛˈe bɨˈxɨn/ You (plural) will buy
Ew ê çêkin /ew ɛˈe tʃɛˈkɨn/ They will do
Ez ê girtin /ɛz ɛˈe ɡɨrˈtɨn/ I will hold
Tu ê pêşniyarî bidî /tu ɛˈe pɛʃˈniːjaˈrɨ bɨˈdi/ You will suggest
Ew ê tevlîbûn /ew ɛˈe tɛvˈliːˈbʊn/ He/She/It will join
Em ê çandîn /ɛm ɛˈe tʃanˈdɨn/ We will cultivate
Hûn ê şîrîn /hʊn ɛˈe ʃiˈriːn/ You (plural) will sweeten
Ew ê bînin /ew ɛˈe biˈnɨn/ They will see
Ez ê gotin /ɛz ɛˈe ɡoˈtɨn/ I will say
Tu ê biceribîn /tu ɛˈe biˈtʃɛˈrɨˈbɨn/ You will try
Ew ê xwînin /ew ɛˈe xwiˈnɨn/ He/She/It will read
Em ê çêbikin /ɛm ɛˈe tʃɛˈbɨˈkɨn/ We will make
Hûn ê pêşveçûn /hʊn ɛˈe pɛʃˈvɛˈtʃʊn/ You (plural) will progress
Ew ê dîtin /ew ɛˈe diˈtɨn/ They will watch
Ez ê şûr /ɛz ɛˈe ʃuːɾ/ I will shout
Tu ê bûyî /tu ɛˈe buˈji/ You will become
Ew ê şopandin /ew ɛˈe ʃoˈpændɨn/ He/She/It will show

Exercises to Practice Future Tense Conjugation[edit | edit source]

Now that you have a grasp of how to form and use the future tense, it’s time to put your skills to the test! Here are ten exercises designed to help you practice:

1. Conjugate the verb "to go" (çûn) in the future tense for all subject pronouns.

2. Translate the following sentences into Northern Kurdish:

  • I will eat.
  • They will drink.

3. Fill in the blanks with the correct future tense form of the verb "to write" (nivîsîn):

  • Ez ê ________.
  • Hûn ê ________.

4. Change the following sentences to the future tense:

  • I see the mountain.
  • We learn the language.

5. Create sentences using the future tense for the following verbs: "to go" (çûn), "to buy" (kirin), "to make" (çêkirin).

6. Match the subject pronouns with their future tense suffixes:

  • Ez a) -in
  • Hûn b) -e
  • Ew c) -îm

7. Write a short paragraph describing your plans for the weekend using at least five future tense verbs.

8. Identify the incorrect future tense forms in the following sentences and correct them:

  • Tu ê girtin.
  • Em ê xwarin.

9. Translate the following Northern Kurdish sentences into English:

  • Ew ê nivîsin.
  • Em ê şîrîn.

10. Fill in the table with the correct future tense forms for the verb "to learn" (fêr bûn):

Northern Kurdish Pronunciation English
Ez ê _______ /ɛz ɛˈe fɛˈr bʊn/ I will learn
Tu ê _______ /tu ɛˈe fɛˈr bʊn/ You will learn
Ew ê _______ /ew ɛˈe fɛˈr bʊn/ He/She/It will learn
Em ê _______ /ɛm ɛˈe fɛˈr bʊn/ We will learn
Hûn ê _______ /hʊn ɛˈe fɛˈr bʊn/ You (plural) will learn
Ew ê _______ /ew ɛˈe fɛˈr bʊn/ They will learn

Solutions and Explanations for Exercises[edit | edit source]

Let’s go over the answers and explanations for the exercises to ensure you understand the future tense completely.

1. Conjugate the verb "to go" (çûn) in the future tense:

  • Ez ê çim
  • Tu ê çî
  • Ew ê çe
  • Em ê çin
  • Hûn ê çin
  • Ew ê çin

2. Translations:

  • Ez ê xwarim.
  • Ew ê vexwarin.

3. Fill in the blanks:

  • Ez ê nivîsim.
  • Hûn ê nivîsin.

4. Change to future tense:

  • Ez ê dîtim (I will see the mountain).
  • Em ê fêr bibin (We will learn the language).

5. Sample sentences:

  • Ez ê çim (I will go).
  • Hûn ê bixin (You will buy).
  • Ew ê çêkin (He/She/It will do).

6. Match the subject pronouns:

  • Ez c) -îm
  • Hûn a) -in
  • Ew b) -e

7. Sample paragraph: (Answers will vary, but should use future tense verbs.)

8. Incorrect forms: (Examples may vary but should be corrected based on suffix rules.)

9. Translations:

  • Ew ê nivîsin. (He/She/It will write.)
  • Em ê şîrîn. (We will sweeten.)

10. Fill in the table for "to learn":

  • Ez ê fêr bibim
  • Tu ê fêr bibî
  • Ew ê fêr bibe
  • Em ê fêr bibin
  • Hûn ê fêr bibin
  • Ew ê fêr bibin

Congratulations! You’ve just taken a big step in mastering the future tense of Northern Kurdish. Keep practicing, and soon you’ll be able to express your thoughts and plans with ease. Remember, learning a language is a journey, and each lesson brings you closer to your goal.

Table of Contents - Northern Kurdish Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Introduction to Northern Kurdish


Greetings and Introductions


Noun and Adjective Declension


Daily Life


Verb Conjugation


Customs and Traditions


Pronouns


Hobbies and Free Time


Adverbs


Geography and Travel


Conjunctions


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]


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