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{{Northern-kurdish-Page-Top}}
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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Northern-kurdish|Northern Kurdish]]  → [[Language/Northern-kurdish/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Northern-kurdish/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Nominative Case</div>
Welcome to another exciting lesson in our "Complete 0 to A1 Northern Kurdish Course"! Today, we will dive into the fascinating world of the '''nominative case''' in Northern Kurdish. Understanding the nominative case is essential for constructing sentences properly and expressing ideas clearly. The nominative case is used primarily for the subject of a sentence—those who perform the action.
In this lesson, we will explore the following topics:
* '''Definition of the Nominative Case'''
* '''Nouns in the Nominative Case'''
* '''Adjectives in the Nominative Case'''
* '''Examples of Noun and Adjective Usage'''


<div class="pg_page_title">Northern Kurdish Grammar → Noun and Adjective Declension → Nominative Case</div>
* '''Practice Exercises'''
 
By the end of this lesson, you'll have a firm grasp of how to use the nominative case, which will be a foundational skill as we progress through our course. Now, let’s get started!


__TOC__
__TOC__


As a Northern Kurdish language teacher with over 20 years of experience, I am delighted to continue our journey through the Northern Kurdish language. Today's lesson will focus on the nominative case as it applies to Northern Kurdish noun and adjective declension. This lesson is ideal for complete beginners who want to improve their grasp of the Northern Kurdish language and help them on their journey to proficiency at an A1 level.
=== Definition of the Nominative Case ===


Let's start with a brief definition. The nominative case is the grammatical term used for the subjective case, which is used when the noun or pronoun functions as the subject of a sentence. The nominative case in Northern Kurdish consists of adding the suffix "-ê" to the noun or adjective.  
The '''nominative case''' is a grammatical case used to indicate the subject of a verb. In Northern Kurdish, it is crucial because it helps us identify who is doing what in a sentence. For instance, in the sentence "The boy runs," "the boy" is the subject and thus is in the nominative case.


=== Nouns in the Nominative Case ===


<span link>Take a moment to explore these relevant pages as you conclude this lesson: [[Language/Northern-kurdish/Grammar/Subordinating-Conjunctions|Subordinating Conjunctions]] & [[Language/Northern-kurdish/Grammar/How-to-Use-Have|How to Use Have]].</span>
In Northern Kurdish, nouns in the nominative case do not take any special endings, unlike some other languages. Here are a few examples of nouns in the nominative case:
==Northern Kurdish Noun Declension==


Let's take a look at how this works in Northern Kurdish noun declension.
{| class="wikitable"


{| class="wikitable"
! Northern Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English
! Northern Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| zarok || /zaˈɾok/ || boy
|-
| kêm || /kɛm/ || girl
|-
| mal || /mal/ || house
|-
| kitap || /kiˈtɑp/ || book
|-
|-
|çar || /t͡ʃaɾ/ || mountain
 
| dar || /daɾ/ || tree
 
|}
|}


In the nominative case, we add the "-ê" suffix to form "çar-ê", which means "the mountain."
As you can see, these nouns remain unchanged in their base form. This simplicity is one of the appealing aspects of Northern Kurdish grammar!
 
=== Adjectives in the Nominative Case ===
 
Adjectives also play a vital role in the nominative case. They describe or modify nouns and agree with them in terms of number and definiteness. Here are some adjectives used in the nominative case:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Northern Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English
! Northern Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| mezin || /meˈzin/ || big
|-
| piçûk || /piˈtʃuːk/ || small
|-
|-
|kevçe || /kev.t͡ʃɛ/ || chair
 
| sor || /soɾ/ || red
 
|-
 
| zer || /zeɾ/ || yellow
 
|-
 
| gûr || /ɡuːɾ/ || old
 
|}
|}


In the nominative case, we add the "-ê" suffix to form "kevçe-ê", which means "the chair."
When you combine adjectives with nouns, they must agree in terms of definiteness. Let's take a closer look at how this works.


Note that some words may change their spelling before the addition of the nominative case suffix "-ê".
=== Examples of Noun and Adjective Usage ===
 
To better understand the nominative case, let’s see some examples involving nouns and adjectives:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Northern Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English
! Northern Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| zarok mezin || /zaˈɾok meˈzin/ || big boy
|-
|-
|mar || /maɾ/ || snake
|}


In the nominative case, we add the "-ê" suffix to form "mêr-ê", which means "the snake."
| kêm piçûk || /kɛm piˈtʃuːk/ || small girl


==Northern Kurdish Adjective Declension==
|-


Now let's take a look at how the nominative case works when applied to Northern Kurdish adjective declension.
| mal sor || /mal soɾ/ || red house


{| class="wikitable"
! Northern Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
|zur || /zuɾ/ || big
|}


In the nominative case, we add the "-ê" suffix to form "zur-ê", which means "the big."
| kitap zer || /kiˈtɑp zeɾ/ || yellow book


{| class="wikitable"
! Northern Kurdish !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
|jin || /ʒin/ || old
 
| dar gûr || /daɾ ɡuːɾ/ || old tree
 
|}
|}


In the nominative case, we add the "-ê" suffix to form "jin-ê", which means "the old."
In these examples, the adjectives are in the nominative case, describing the nouns they accompany.
 
=== Practice Exercises ===
 
Now that we've covered the basics of the nominative case, let’s put your knowledge to the test! Below are some exercises to help you practice.
 
==== Exercise 1: Identify the Nominative Case ====
 
Read the following sentences and underline the nouns in the nominative case.
 
1. Zarok mezin diçin bazarê. (The big boy goes to the market.)
 
2. Kêm piçûk li ser masa ye. (The small girl is on the table.)
 
3. Mal sor e. (The house is red.)
 
4. Kitap zer bi xwendevan re tê. (The yellow book is with the reader.)
 
5. Dar gûr di nav çiyayê de ye. (The old tree is in the mountain.)
 
'''Solution:'''
 
1. Zarok


== Summary ==
2. Kêm


In summary, the Northern Kurdish nominative case is an important component of both noun and adjective declension. As a complete beginner, it's essential to grasp the basics of the nominative case to effectively communicate in Northern Kurdish. Remember, in the nominative case, we add the "-ê" suffix to the noun or adjective, and sometimes, there may be spelling or pronunciation variations to consider. Spend some time practicing and perfecting Northern Kurdish nominal and adjective declension with the nominative case, and you'll soon discover the beauty and effectiveness of this highly expressive language.
3. Mal


I hope you enjoyed this lesson, and see you in the next one!
4. Kitap
 
5. Dar
 
==== Exercise 2: Fill in the Blanks ====
 
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate noun from the box below.
 
(zarok, kêm, mal, kitap, dar)
 
1. ______ mezin diçin bazarê. (______ big goes to the market.)
 
2. ______ piçûk li ser masa ye. (______ small is on the table.)
 
3. ______ sor e. (______ is red.)
 
4. ______ zer bi xwendevan re tê. (______ yellow is with the reader.)
 
5. ______ gûr di nav çiyayê de ye. (______ old is in the mountain.)
 
'''Solution:'''
 
1. Zarok
 
2. Kêm
 
3. Mal
 
4. Kitap
 
5. Dar
 
==== Exercise 3: Translate the Sentences ====
 
Translate the following sentences into Northern Kurdish.
 
1. The boy is big.
 
2. The girl is small.
 
3. The house is yellow.
 
4. The book is red.
 
5. The tree is old.
 
'''Solution:'''
 
1. Zarok mezin e.
 
2. Kêm piçûk e.
 
3. Mal zer e.
 
4. Kitap sor e.
 
5. Dar gûr e.
 
==== Exercise 4: Create Sentences ====
 
Using the nouns and adjectives provided, create your own sentences in Northern Kurdish.
 
Nouns: zarok, kêm, mal 
 
Adjectives: mezin, piçûk, sor
 
'''Example Solution:'''
 
1. Zarok mezin e. (The boy is big.)
 
2. Kêm piçûk e. (The girl is small.)
 
3. Mal sor e. (The house is red.)
 
==== Exercise 5: Match the Nouns with Adjectives ====
 
Match the nouns with the correct adjectives.
 
1. zarok
 
2. kêm
 
3. mal
 
4. kitap
 
5. dar
 
a. sor 
 
b. mezin 
 
c. piçûk 
 
d. zer 
 
e. gûr 
 
'''Solution:'''
 
1 - b (zarok - mezin) 
 
2 - c (kêm - piçûk) 
 
3 - a (mal - sor) 
 
4 - d (kitap - zer) 
 
5 - e (dar - gûr) 
 
==== Exercise 6: Write Your Own Sentences ====
 
Write three sentences in Northern Kurdish using nouns and adjectives in the nominative case.
 
'''Example Solution:'''
 
1. Zarok mezin diçin bazarê. (The big boy goes to the market.)
 
2. Kêm piçûk li ser masa ye. (The small girl is on the table.)
 
3. Mal sor e. (The house is red.)
 
==== Exercise 7: Identify the Adjective ====
 
In the following sentences, circle the adjectives in the nominative case.
 
1. Zarok mezin e.
 
2. Kêm piçûk e.
 
3. Mal sor e.
 
4. Kitap zer e.
 
5. Dar gûr e.
 
'''Solution:'''
 
1. mezin
 
2. piçûk
 
3. sor
 
4. zer
 
5. gûr
 
==== Exercise 8: Complete the Sentences ====
 
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the nouns or adjectives.
 
1. ______ mezin diçin bazarê. (______ big goes to the market.)
 
2. ______ piçûk li ser masa ye. (______ small is on the table.)
 
3. ______ sor e. (______ is red.)
 
4. ______ zer bi xwendevan re tê. (______ yellow is with the reader.)
 
5. ______ gûr di nav çiyayê de ye. (______ old is in the mountain.)
 
'''Solution:'''
 
1. Zarok
 
2. Kêm
 
3. Mal
 
4. Kitap
 
5. Dar
 
==== Exercise 9: Sentence Transformation ====
 
Transform the following sentences by changing the adjectives but keeping the nouns the same.
 
1. Zarok mezin e. (The boy is big.)
 
2. Kêm piçûk e. (The girl is small.)
 
3. Mal sor e. (The house is red.)
 
4. Kitap zer e. (The book is yellow.)
 
5. Dar gûr e. (The tree is old.)
 
'''Example Solution:'''
 
1. Zarok piçûk e. (The boy is small.)
 
2. Kêm mezin e. (The girl is big.)
 
3. Mal zer e. (The house is yellow.)
 
4. Kitap sor e. (The book is red.)
 
5. Dar gûr e. (The tree is old.)
 
==== Exercise 10: Create a Dialogue ====
 
Create a short dialogue using at least three nouns and three adjectives in the nominative case.
 
'''Example Solution:'''
 
A: Zarok mezin e? (Is the boy big?) 
 
B: Erê, zarok mezin e. (Yes, the boy is big.) 
 
A: Kêm piçûk e? (Is the girl small?) 
 
B: Erê, kêm piçûk e. (Yes, the girl is small.) 
 
A: Mal sor e? (Is the house red?) 
 
B: Erê, mal sor e. (Yes, the house is red.) 
 
In this lesson, we have covered the basics of the nominative case, focusing on nouns and adjectives. Remember, practice makes perfect! Keep using the nominative case in your daily conversations, and soon it will become second nature.


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Northern Kurdish Grammar → Noun and Adjective Declension → Nominative Case
 
|keywords=Northern Kurdish, Kurdish language, Nominative case, Noun, Adjective, Declension, Beginner's course, A1 level
|title=Northern Kurdish Grammar: Nominative Case Explained
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about Nominative case in Northern Kurdish noun and adjective declension, which is essential for proper communication in the language. This lesson is part of a beginner's course taking learners from 0 to A1 level in Northern Kurdish.
 
|keywords=Northern Kurdish, Nominative Case, language learning, grammar, nouns, adjectives
 
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about the nominative case in Northern Kurdish, including nouns and adjectives, with examples and practice exercises.
 
}}
}}


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==Other Lessons==
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* [[Language/Northern-kurdish/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
* [[Language/Northern-kurdish/Grammar/Gender|Gender]]
* [[Language/Northern-kurdish/Grammar/Demonstrative-Pronouns|Demonstrative Pronouns]]
* [[Language/Northern-kurdish/Grammar/Demonstrative-Pronouns|Demonstrative Pronouns]]


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Latest revision as of 10:30, 1 August 2024

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Northern Kurdish → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Nominative Case

Welcome to another exciting lesson in our "Complete 0 to A1 Northern Kurdish Course"! Today, we will dive into the fascinating world of the nominative case in Northern Kurdish. Understanding the nominative case is essential for constructing sentences properly and expressing ideas clearly. The nominative case is used primarily for the subject of a sentence—those who perform the action.

In this lesson, we will explore the following topics:

  • Definition of the Nominative Case
  • Nouns in the Nominative Case
  • Adjectives in the Nominative Case
  • Examples of Noun and Adjective Usage
  • Practice Exercises

By the end of this lesson, you'll have a firm grasp of how to use the nominative case, which will be a foundational skill as we progress through our course. Now, let’s get started!

Definition of the Nominative Case[edit | edit source]

The nominative case is a grammatical case used to indicate the subject of a verb. In Northern Kurdish, it is crucial because it helps us identify who is doing what in a sentence. For instance, in the sentence "The boy runs," "the boy" is the subject and thus is in the nominative case.

Nouns in the Nominative Case[edit | edit source]

In Northern Kurdish, nouns in the nominative case do not take any special endings, unlike some other languages. Here are a few examples of nouns in the nominative case:

Northern Kurdish Pronunciation English
zarok /zaˈɾok/ boy
kêm /kɛm/ girl
mal /mal/ house
kitap /kiˈtɑp/ book
dar /daɾ/ tree

As you can see, these nouns remain unchanged in their base form. This simplicity is one of the appealing aspects of Northern Kurdish grammar!

Adjectives in the Nominative Case[edit | edit source]

Adjectives also play a vital role in the nominative case. They describe or modify nouns and agree with them in terms of number and definiteness. Here are some adjectives used in the nominative case:

Northern Kurdish Pronunciation English
mezin /meˈzin/ big
piçûk /piˈtʃuːk/ small
sor /soɾ/ red
zer /zeɾ/ yellow
gûr /ɡuːɾ/ old

When you combine adjectives with nouns, they must agree in terms of definiteness. Let's take a closer look at how this works.

Examples of Noun and Adjective Usage[edit | edit source]

To better understand the nominative case, let’s see some examples involving nouns and adjectives:

Northern Kurdish Pronunciation English
zarok mezin /zaˈɾok meˈzin/ big boy
kêm piçûk /kɛm piˈtʃuːk/ small girl
mal sor /mal soɾ/ red house
kitap zer /kiˈtɑp zeɾ/ yellow book
dar gûr /daɾ ɡuːɾ/ old tree

In these examples, the adjectives are in the nominative case, describing the nouns they accompany.

Practice Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now that we've covered the basics of the nominative case, let’s put your knowledge to the test! Below are some exercises to help you practice.

Exercise 1: Identify the Nominative Case[edit | edit source]

Read the following sentences and underline the nouns in the nominative case.

1. Zarok mezin diçin bazarê. (The big boy goes to the market.)

2. Kêm piçûk li ser masa ye. (The small girl is on the table.)

3. Mal sor e. (The house is red.)

4. Kitap zer bi xwendevan re tê. (The yellow book is with the reader.)

5. Dar gûr di nav çiyayê de ye. (The old tree is in the mountain.)

Solution:

1. Zarok

2. Kêm

3. Mal

4. Kitap

5. Dar

Exercise 2: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with the appropriate noun from the box below.

(zarok, kêm, mal, kitap, dar)

1. ______ mezin diçin bazarê. (______ big goes to the market.)

2. ______ piçûk li ser masa ye. (______ small is on the table.)

3. ______ sor e. (______ is red.)

4. ______ zer bi xwendevan re tê. (______ yellow is with the reader.)

5. ______ gûr di nav çiyayê de ye. (______ old is in the mountain.)

Solution:

1. Zarok

2. Kêm

3. Mal

4. Kitap

5. Dar

Exercise 3: Translate the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Northern Kurdish.

1. The boy is big.

2. The girl is small.

3. The house is yellow.

4. The book is red.

5. The tree is old.

Solution:

1. Zarok mezin e.

2. Kêm piçûk e.

3. Mal zer e.

4. Kitap sor e.

5. Dar gûr e.

Exercise 4: Create Sentences[edit | edit source]

Using the nouns and adjectives provided, create your own sentences in Northern Kurdish.

Nouns: zarok, kêm, mal

Adjectives: mezin, piçûk, sor

Example Solution:

1. Zarok mezin e. (The boy is big.)

2. Kêm piçûk e. (The girl is small.)

3. Mal sor e. (The house is red.)

Exercise 5: Match the Nouns with Adjectives[edit | edit source]

Match the nouns with the correct adjectives.

1. zarok

2. kêm

3. mal

4. kitap

5. dar

a. sor

b. mezin

c. piçûk

d. zer

e. gûr

Solution:

1 - b (zarok - mezin)

2 - c (kêm - piçûk)

3 - a (mal - sor)

4 - d (kitap - zer)

5 - e (dar - gûr)

Exercise 6: Write Your Own Sentences[edit | edit source]

Write three sentences in Northern Kurdish using nouns and adjectives in the nominative case.

Example Solution:

1. Zarok mezin diçin bazarê. (The big boy goes to the market.)

2. Kêm piçûk li ser masa ye. (The small girl is on the table.)

3. Mal sor e. (The house is red.)

Exercise 7: Identify the Adjective[edit | edit source]

In the following sentences, circle the adjectives in the nominative case.

1. Zarok mezin e.

2. Kêm piçûk e.

3. Mal sor e.

4. Kitap zer e.

5. Dar gûr e.

Solution:

1. mezin

2. piçûk

3. sor

4. zer

5. gûr

Exercise 8: Complete the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the nouns or adjectives.

1. ______ mezin diçin bazarê. (______ big goes to the market.)

2. ______ piçûk li ser masa ye. (______ small is on the table.)

3. ______ sor e. (______ is red.)

4. ______ zer bi xwendevan re tê. (______ yellow is with the reader.)

5. ______ gûr di nav çiyayê de ye. (______ old is in the mountain.)

Solution:

1. Zarok

2. Kêm

3. Mal

4. Kitap

5. Dar

Exercise 9: Sentence Transformation[edit | edit source]

Transform the following sentences by changing the adjectives but keeping the nouns the same.

1. Zarok mezin e. (The boy is big.)

2. Kêm piçûk e. (The girl is small.)

3. Mal sor e. (The house is red.)

4. Kitap zer e. (The book is yellow.)

5. Dar gûr e. (The tree is old.)

Example Solution:

1. Zarok piçûk e. (The boy is small.)

2. Kêm mezin e. (The girl is big.)

3. Mal zer e. (The house is yellow.)

4. Kitap sor e. (The book is red.)

5. Dar gûr e. (The tree is old.)

Exercise 10: Create a Dialogue[edit | edit source]

Create a short dialogue using at least three nouns and three adjectives in the nominative case.

Example Solution:

A: Zarok mezin e? (Is the boy big?)

B: Erê, zarok mezin e. (Yes, the boy is big.)

A: Kêm piçûk e? (Is the girl small?)

B: Erê, kêm piçûk e. (Yes, the girl is small.)

A: Mal sor e? (Is the house red?)

B: Erê, mal sor e. (Yes, the house is red.)

In this lesson, we have covered the basics of the nominative case, focusing on nouns and adjectives. Remember, practice makes perfect! Keep using the nominative case in your daily conversations, and soon it will become second nature.

Table of Contents - Northern Kurdish Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Introduction to Northern Kurdish


Greetings and Introductions


Noun and Adjective Declension


Daily Life


Verb Conjugation


Customs and Traditions


Pronouns


Hobbies and Free Time


Adverbs


Geography and Travel


Conjunctions


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]


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