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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Hungarian|Hungarian]]  → [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Introduction to Hungarian grammar → Adjectives and adverbs</div>
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Hungarian|Hungarian]]  → [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Adjectives and adverbs</div>
 
Welcome to our lesson on '''Hungarian Adjectives and Adverbs''', an essential topic for anyone eager to express themselves clearly and vividly in Hungarian. Whether you want to describe people, places, or objects, mastering adjectives and adverbs will elevate your ability to communicate effectively.
 
In this lesson, we will explore:
 
* The role of adjectives and adverbs in Hungarian.
 
* How to form and use descriptive adjectives.
 
* The use of adverbs of time and frequency.
 
* Practical exercises to reinforce your understanding.
 
Understanding adjectives and adverbs is vital as they add color and depth to your conversations. So let’s dive in!


__TOC__
__TOC__


== Introduction ==
=== The Role of Adjectives in Hungarian ===


Welcome to the lesson on Hungarian adjectives and adverbs! In this lesson, we will explore the rules and usage of adjectives and adverbs in the Hungarian language. Adjectives and adverbs play a crucial role in describing people, places, and objects, allowing us to express our thoughts and opinions in a more nuanced way. By understanding how to use adjectives and adverbs correctly, you will be able to communicate effectively and express yourself more precisely in Hungarian.
Adjectives in Hungarian are words that describe or modify nouns. They can express qualities, quantities, or states of being. In Hungarian, adjectives typically precede the noun they modify, which is quite different from English, where adjectives can come before or after nouns.


This lesson is part of the "Complete 0 to A1 Hungarian Course" and is designed for complete beginners who are starting their journey to learn Hungarian. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid foundation in using adjectives and adverbs, helping you to progress further in your Hungarian language learning journey.
'''Key Points:'''


Let's begin our exploration of Hungarian adjectives and adverbs!
* Adjectives agree with the noun in terms of number (singular or plural) and case.


== Adjectives ==
* They generally come before the noun.


Adjectives are words that describe or modify nouns. In Hungarian, adjectives are an essential part of speech, allowing us to provide additional information about the qualities, characteristics, or features of people, places, or objects. In this section, we will cover the different forms and usage of adjectives in Hungarian.
=== Common Descriptive Adjectives ===


=== Forms of Adjectives ===
Let’s take a look at some common descriptive adjectives in Hungarian:


In Hungarian, adjectives have different forms depending on the gender, number, and case of the noun they modify. Let's take a look at the various forms of adjectives in Hungarian:
{| class="wikitable"


* Positive form: This is the base form of the adjective, used when describing a noun in its normal state. For example:
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| szép || [ˈseːp] || beautiful
|}


* Comparative form: This form is used to compare two things or to indicate a higher degree of a quality. To form the comparative, we add the suffix "-bb" to the positive form. For example:
| szép || sejp || beautiful
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| szebb || [ˈsɛbː] || more beautiful
|}


* Superlative form: This form is used to express the highest degree of a quality. To form the superlative, we add the suffix "-leg" to the positive form. For example:
| nagy || nɑ:dʒ || big
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| legszebb || [ˈlɛɡsɛbː] || most beautiful
|}


=== Placement of Adjectives ===
| kicsi || kiʧi || small


In Hungarian, adjectives generally follow the noun they modify. However, there are some cases where the adjective can precede the noun for emphasis or stylistic reasons. Let's look at some examples:
|-


* "Egy szép ház." (A beautiful house.)
| okos || okosh || smart
* "Egy nagy kert." (A big garden.)


In these examples, the adjective "szép" (beautiful) and "nagy" (big) follow the noun "ház" (house) and "kert" (garden) respectively. This is the most common word order for adjectives in Hungarian. However, if we want to emphasize the adjective, we can place it before the noun:
|-


* "Egy ház szép." (A beautiful house.)
| boldog || boldɔg || happy
* "Egy kert nagy." (A big garden.)


In these examples, the adjective "szép" and "nagy" precede the noun "ház" and "kert" respectively, emphasizing the qualities of beauty and size.
|-


=== Agreement of Adjectives ===
| szomorú || so:moruː || sad


In Hungarian, adjectives agree with the noun they modify in terms of gender, number, and case. This means that the form of the adjective changes to match the gender, number, and case of the noun it describes. Let's take a look at the agreement of adjectives in Hungarian:
|-
 
| gyors || jo:rʃ || fast


* Gender: Hungarian nouns have two genders - masculine and feminine. Adjectives must agree with the gender of the noun they modify. For example:
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| jó tanár || [joː ˈtɑnaːr] || good teacher
 
| lassú || lɑʃʊ || slow
 
|-
|-
| jó tanárnő || [joː ˈtɑnaːrnøː] || good female teacher
|}


In this example, the adjective "jó" (good) changes to "jó tanár" when modifying a masculine noun ("tanár" means "teacher" in Hungarian) and "jó tanárnő" when modifying a feminine noun ("tanárnő" means "female teacher" in Hungarian).
| színes || si:neʃ || colorful


* Number: Adjectives also change form to match the number (singular or plural) of the noun they modify. For example:
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| kicsi ház || [ˈkit͡ʃi haːz] || small house
 
|-
| egyszerű || ɛɟsɛrɨ || simple
| kicsi házak || [ˈkit͡ʃi haːzɑk] || small houses
 
|}
|}


In this example, the adjective "kicsi" (small) changes to "kicsi ház" when modifying a singular noun ("ház" means "house" in Hungarian) and "kicsi házak" when modifying a plural noun ("házak" means "houses" in Hungarian).
You can combine adjectives to create more complex descriptions, such as "nagy és szép ház" (big and beautiful house).
 
=== The Role of Adverbs in Hungarian ===
 
Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, giving more information about how, when, or where an action takes place. They can express time, frequency, manner, or degree.
 
'''Key Points:'''


* Case: Hungarian nouns have six cases, and adjectives must agree with the case of the noun they modify. Let's look at an example using the accusative case:
* Adverbs typically follow the verb they modify.
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| látom a kék autót || [ˈlaːtom ɑ keːk ɑutoːt] || I see the blue car
|}


In this example, the adjective "kék" (blue) changes to "kék autót" to match the accusative case of the noun "autó" (car).
* They do not change form based on gender or number.


=== Comparison with Adjectives ===
=== Common Adverbs of Time and Frequency ===


In Hungarian, adjectives can be compared using the comparative and superlative forms. Let's explore how to form and use comparative and superlative adjectives in Hungarian:
Here are some common adverbs of time and frequency in Hungarian:


* Comparative: To form the comparative of an adjective, we add the suffix "-bb" to the positive form. For example:
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| jobb || [ˈjobː] || better
 
| most || moʃt || now
 
|-
|-
| kisebb || [ˈkiʃɛbː] || smaller
|}


In these examples, the adjectives "jobb" (good) and "kisebb" (small) are in their comparative forms.
| mindig || miːndɪɡ || always


* Superlative: To form the superlative of an adjective, we add the suffix "-leg" to the positive form. For example:
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| legjobb || [ˈlɛɡjobː] || the best
 
| néha || neːhɒ || sometimes
 
|-
|-
| legkisebb || [ˈlɛɡkiʃɛbː] || the smallest
|}


In these examples, the adjectives "legjobb" (the best) and "legkisebb" (the smallest) are in their superlative forms.
| soha || sohɒ || never
 
|-


It's important to note that Hungarian adjectives do not use the words "more" or "most" like in English. Instead, the comparative and superlative forms of adjectives are created by adding suffixes to the positive form.
| gyakran || ɟɒkrɒn || often


=== Demonstrative Adjectives ===
|-


Demonstrative adjectives are used to indicate or point out specific people, places, or objects. In Hungarian, demonstrative adjectives agree with the noun they modify in terms of gender, number, and case. Let's take a look at the different forms of demonstrative adjectives in Hungarian:
| korán || koːrɒn || early


* Singular masculine:
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ez a ház || [ɛz ɑ haːz] || this house
 
| későn || keːʃøːn || late
 
|-
|-
| az a ház || [ɑz ɑ haːz] || that house
|}


In this example, the demonstrative adjective "ez" (this) is used to modify the singular masculine noun "ház" (house), and the demonstrative adjective "az" (that) is used to modify the singular masculine noun "ház" (house).
| este || ɛʃte || evening


* Singular feminine:
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| ez a nő || [ɛz ɑ nøː] || this woman
 
| reggel || rɛɡɛl || morning
 
|-
|-
| az a nő || [ɑz ɑ nøː] || that woman
 
| tegnap || tɛɡnɒp || yesterday
 
|}
|}


In this example, the demonstrative adjective "ez" (this) is used to modify the singular feminine noun "nő" (woman), and the demonstrative adjective "az" (that) is used to modify the singular feminine noun "nő" (woman).
Understanding when and how to use these adverbs will enhance your ability to express time and frequency in your sentences.
 
=== Examples of Combining Adjectives and Adverbs ===
 
To illustrate how adjectives and adverbs work together, consider the following sentences:
 
1. A '''szép''' lány '''gyorsan''' fut. (The beautiful girl runs quickly.)
 
2. A '''nagy''' ház '''mindig''' üres. (The big house is always empty.)
 
3. A '''kicsi''' kutya '''korán''' kel. (The small dog gets up early.)
 
4. Az '''okos''' diák '''soha''' nem késik. (The smart student is never late.)
 
5. A '''boldog''' család '''gyakran''' utazik. (The happy family travels often.)
 
=== Exercises ===
 
Now it’s time to practice what you’ve learned! Here are 10 exercises to help you reinforce your understanding of adjectives and adverbs in Hungarian:
 
==== Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks ====
 
Translate the following sentences into Hungarian using the correct form of the adjectives and adverbs provided.
 
1. The '''big''' house is '''beautiful'''.
 
2. She runs '''quickly'''.
 
3. The '''small''' dog is '''happy'''.
 
4. They travel '''often'''.
 
5. The '''sad''' girl is '''never''' late.
 
'''Solutions:'''
 
1. A '''nagy''' ház '''szép'''.
 
2. Ő '''gyorsan''' fut.
 
3. A '''kicsi''' kutya '''boldog'''.


* Plural:  
4. Ők '''gyakran''' utaznak.
{| class="wikitable"
 
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
5. A '''szomorú''' lány '''soha''' nem késik.
|-
 
| ezek a házak || [ɛzɛk ɑ haːzɑk] || these houses
==== Exercise 2: Match the Descriptions ====
|-
 
| azok a házak || [ɑzok ɑ haːzɑk] || those houses
Match the adjectives with their English translations.
|}
 
| Hungarian     | English         |
 
|---------------|------------------|
 
| szép          | a) small        |
 
| okos          | b) happy        |
 
| nagy          | c) beautiful    |
 
| boldog        | d) smart        |
 
'''Solutions:'''
 
* szép - c) beautiful
 
* okos - d) smart
 
* nagy - a) big
 
* boldog - b) happy
 
==== Exercise 3: Create Sentences ====
 
Using the adjectives and adverbs provided, create your own sentences.
 
'''Adjectives:''' színes, egyszerű, gyors
 
'''Adverbs:''' néha, soha, mindig
 
'''Example Solutions:'''
 
1. A '''színes''' könyv '''mindig''' érdekes. (The colorful book is always interesting.)
 
2. Az '''egyszerű''' válasz '''soha''' nem elég. (The simple answer is never enough.)
 
3. A '''gyors''' autó '''néha''' lassú. (The fast car is sometimes slow.)
 
==== Exercise 4: Identify the Adjectives and Adverbs ====
 
Read the following sentences and underline the adjectives and adverbs.
 
1. The small cat is always playful.
 
2. She sings beautifully.
 
3. The big tree is very tall.
 
4. They rarely visit us.
 
'''Solutions:'''
 
1. The '''small''' cat is '''always''' playful.
 
2. She sings '''beautifully'''.
 
3. The '''big''' tree is '''very''' tall.
 
4. They '''rarely''' visit us.
 
==== Exercise 5: Translate the Sentences ====


In this example, the demonstrative adjective "ezek" (these) is used to modify the plural noun "házak" (houses), and the demonstrative adjective "azok" (those) is used to modify the plural noun "házak" (houses).
Translate the following sentences into Hungarian.


Demonstrative adjectives in Hungarian help to specify or indicate the noun they modify, providing clarity and precision in communication.
1. The happy family is always together.


== Adverbs ==
2. The sad movie ended late.


Adverbs are words that modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, providing additional information about time, place, manner, or degree. In this section, we will explore the different types of adverbs in Hungarian and their usage.
3. The colorful flowers bloom in spring.


=== Types of Adverbs ===
4. The smart boy studies early.


In Hungarian, adverbs can be categorized into several types based on their function. Let's take a look at some common types of adverbs in Hungarian:
'''Solutions:'''


* Adverbs of time: These adverbs indicate when an action occurs. For example:
1. A '''boldog''' család '''mindig''' együtt van.
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| ma || [mɑ] || today
|-
| holnap || [ˈholnɑp] || tomorrow
|-
| tegnap || [ˈtɛɡnɑp] || yesterday
|}


In this example, the adverbs "ma" (today), "holnap" (tomorrow), and "tegnap" (yesterday) indicate specific points in time.
2. A '''szomorú''' film későn ért véget.


* Adverbs of place: These adverbs indicate where an action occurs. For example:
3. A '''színes''' virágok tavasszal nyílnak.
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| itt || [it] || here
|-
| ott || [ot] || there
|-
| fent || [fɛnt] || up
|}


In this example, the adverbs "itt" (here), "ott" (there), and "fent" (up) indicate specific locations.
4. Az '''okos''' fiú korán tanul.


* Adverbs of manner: These adverbs describe how an action is performed. For example:
==== Exercise 6: Choose the Correct Form ====
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| gyorsan || [ˈɟorʃɑn] || quickly
|-
| lassan || [ˈlɑʃɑn] || slowly
|-
| halkan || [ˈhɑlkɑn] || quietly
|}


In this example, the adverbs "gyorsan" (quickly), "lassan" (slowly), and "halkan" (quietly) describe the manner in which an action is performed.
Choose the correct adjective or adverb to complete the sentences.


* Adverbs of degree: These adverbs indicate the intensity or extent of an action or quality. For example:
1. She is a '''(boldog/ boldogabb)''' girl.  
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| nagyon || [ˈnɑɟon] || very
|-
| kevésbé || [ˈkɛveːʃ] || less
|-
| teljesen || [ˈtɛljɛʃɛn] || completely
|}


In this example, the adverbs "nagyon" (very), "kevésbé" (less), and "teljesen" (completely) indicate the degree or intensity of an action or quality.
2. He runs '''(gyorsan/gyorsabb)''' than his brother.


=== Placement of Adverbs ===
3. This is a '''(szép/szebb)''' painting.


In Hungarian, adverbs generally follow the verb or adjective they modify. However, there are some cases where the adverb can be placed at the beginning or end of a sentence for emphasis or stylistic reasons. Let's look at some examples:
4. They dance '''(gyakran/gyakrabban)''' at the club.


* "Gyorsan futott." (He ran quickly.)
'''Solutions:'''
* "Futott gyorsan." (He quickly ran.)


In these examples, the adverb "gyorsan" (quickly) follows the verb "futott" (ran) in the first sentence, and precedes the verb in the second sentence. Both word orders are grammatically correct, but the placement of the adverb can change the emphasis or focus of the sentence.
1. She is a '''boldog''' girl.


=== Comparison with Adverbs ===
2. He runs '''gyorsabban''' than his brother.


Similar to adjectives, adverbs in Hungarian can also be compared using comparative and superlative forms. Let's explore how to form and use comparative and superlative adverbs in Hungarian:
3. This is a '''szebb''' painting.


* Comparative: To form the comparative of an adverb, we add the suffix "-bb" to the positive form. For example:
4. They dance '''gyakran''' at the club.
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| gyorsanabb || [ˈɟorʃɑnɑbː] || faster
|-
| lassabban || [ˈlɑʃɑbːɑn] || more slowly
|}


In these examples, the adverbs "gyorsanabb" (faster) and "lassabban" (more slowly) are in their comparative forms.
==== Exercise 7: Fill in with Adverbs ====


* Superlative: To form the superlative of an adverb, we add the suffix "-leg" to the positive form. For example:
Fill in the blanks with the correct adverb from the list: (mindig, néha, soha).
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| leggyorsabban || [ˈlɛɟːorʃɑbːɑn] || the fastest
|-
| leglassabban || [ˈlɛɡlɑʃɑbːɑn] || the most slowly
|}


In these examples, the adverbs "leggyorsabban" (the fastest) and "leglassabban" (the most slowly) are in their superlative forms.
1. She is '''(always)''' late.


It's important to note that Hungarian adverbs do not use the words "more" or "most" like in English. Instead, the comparative and superlative forms of adverbs are created by adding suffixes to the positive form.
2. He '''(never)''' eats vegetables.


== Cultural Insights ==
3. They go to the cinema '''(sometimes)'''.


Hungarian culture is rich and diverse, and the usage of adjectives and adverbs in the language reflects this cultural richness. Let's explore some cultural insights related to the usage of adjectives and adverbs in Hungarian:
'''Solutions:'''


* Regional Variations: Hungarian is spoken not only in Hungary but also in parts of Slovakia, Romania, Serbia, Ukraine, and other neighboring countries. While the grammar and vocabulary of Hungarian remain relatively consistent across these regions, there may be slight variations in the usage and understanding of adjectives and adverbs. These regional differences add depth and diversity to the Hungarian language.
1. She is '''mindig''' late.


* Historical Influences: The Hungarian language has been shaped by various historical influences, including the Magyar conquest of the Carpathian Basin in the 9th century and subsequent interactions with neighboring cultures and languages. These historical influences have had an impact on the development and usage of adjectives and adverbs in Hungarian, adding layers of complexity and depth to the language.
2. He '''soha''' eats vegetables.


* Cultural Anecdotes: Hungarian culture is known for its rich traditions, folklore, and artistic expressions. From the beautiful folk costumes to the vibrant music and dance traditions, Hungarian culture is deeply rooted in its history and heritage. Adjectives and adverbs play a crucial role in describing and expressing the nuances of these cultural elements, allowing Hungarians to communicate and celebrate their cultural identity.
3. They go to the cinema '''néha'''.


== Practice Exercises ==
==== Exercise 8: Sentence Transformation ====


Now, let's put your knowledge of Hungarian adjectives and adverbs to the test! Complete the following exercises, and check your answers below:
Transform the following sentences by changing the adjectives or adverbs.


Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the adjective:
1. The big dog runs fast. (Use small and slow)


1. A ____(nagy) ház a Tisza partján áll.
2. The beautiful girl sings beautifully. (Use plain and loudly)
2. Az ____(szép) virágok a kertben nőnek.
3. A ____(új) könyvet a könyvesboltban lehet megvásárolni.


Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the adverb:
'''Example Solutions:'''


1. ____(gyors) futott a pálya körül.
1. The '''small''' dog runs '''slowly'''.
2. ____(lassú) beszél és ____(halk) nevet.


Exercise 3: Complete the sentences with the appropriate adverb:
2. The '''plain''' girl sings '''loudly'''.


1. ____(gyors) végezte el a feladatot.
==== Exercise 9: Create Adjective Phrases ====
2. ____(helyes) válaszokat adott a kérdésekre.


Exercise 4: Translate the following sentences into Hungarian:
Combine the adjectives with nouns to form phrases.


1. She sings beautifully.
1. '''(szép, ház)'''
2. We walked slowly in the park.
3. The cat jumped high.


Exercise 5: Create a sentence using a comparative adjective:
2. '''(nagy, kutya)'''


1. __________________________
3. '''(okos, lány)'''


Exercise 6: Create a sentence using a superlative adverb:
'''Solutions:'''


1. __________________________
1. '''szép ház''' (beautiful house)


Exercise 7: Describe your favorite place using adjectives and adverbs:
2. '''nagy kutya''' (big dog)


1. __________________________
3. '''okos lány''' (smart girl)


Exercise 8: Write a dialogue between two people discussing their weekend plans, using adjectives and adverbs:
==== Exercise 10: Adjective and Adverb Quiz ====


1. __________________________
Choose whether the following statements are true or false.


== Answer Key ==
1. Adjectives come after the noun in Hungarian. (False)


Exercise 1:
2. Adverbs can modify adjectives. (True)
1. A nagy ház a Tisza partján áll.
2. Az szép virágok a kertben nőnek.
3. A új könyvet a könyvesboltban lehet megvásárolni.


Exercise 2:
3. There are no plural forms for adjectives in Hungarian. (False)
1. Gyorsan futott a pálya körül.
2. Lassan beszél és halkan nevet.


Exercise 3:
4. Adjectives and adverbs agree in gender. (False)
1. Gyorsan végezte el a feladatot.
2. Helyesen válaszokat adott a kérdésekre.


Exercise 4:
'''Solutions:'''
1. Ő szépen énekel.
2. Lassan sétáltunk a parkban.
3. A macska magasra ugrott.


Exercise 5:
1. False
1. Az asztal magasabb, mint a szék. (The table is taller than the chair.)


Exercise 6:
2. True
1. A legjobban tetszik nekem az új film. (I like the new movie the most.)


Exercise 7:
3. False
1. A kedvenc helyem a tengerpart. (My favorite place is the seaside.)


Exercise 8:
4. False
1. A: Mit csinálsz a hétvégén?
  B: Kimegyek a kertbe és virágokat ültetek. (A: What are you doing this weekend? B: I'm going to the garden and planting flowers.)


Congratulations on completing the practice exercises! Keep practicing and exploring the world of Hungarian adjectives and adverbs to enhance your language skills.
In conclusion, mastering adjectives and adverbs in Hungarian will greatly enhance your descriptive capabilities and your overall communication skills. Keep practicing and using these words in your conversations, and you'll find that your confidence in speaking Hungarian will grow.


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==Videos==
==Videos==

Latest revision as of 22:34, 31 July 2024


Hungary-Timeline-PolyglotClub.png
Hungarian → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Adjectives and adverbs

Welcome to our lesson on Hungarian Adjectives and Adverbs, an essential topic for anyone eager to express themselves clearly and vividly in Hungarian. Whether you want to describe people, places, or objects, mastering adjectives and adverbs will elevate your ability to communicate effectively.

In this lesson, we will explore:

  • The role of adjectives and adverbs in Hungarian.
  • How to form and use descriptive adjectives.
  • The use of adverbs of time and frequency.
  • Practical exercises to reinforce your understanding.

Understanding adjectives and adverbs is vital as they add color and depth to your conversations. So let’s dive in!

The Role of Adjectives in Hungarian[edit | edit source]

Adjectives in Hungarian are words that describe or modify nouns. They can express qualities, quantities, or states of being. In Hungarian, adjectives typically precede the noun they modify, which is quite different from English, where adjectives can come before or after nouns.

Key Points:

  • Adjectives agree with the noun in terms of number (singular or plural) and case.
  • They generally come before the noun.

Common Descriptive Adjectives[edit | edit source]

Let’s take a look at some common descriptive adjectives in Hungarian:

Hungarian Pronunciation English
szép sejp beautiful
nagy nɑ:dʒ big
kicsi kiʧi small
okos okosh smart
boldog boldɔg happy
szomorú so:moruː sad
gyors jo:rʃ fast
lassú lɑʃʊ slow
színes si:neʃ colorful
egyszerű ɛɟsɛrɨ simple

You can combine adjectives to create more complex descriptions, such as "nagy és szép ház" (big and beautiful house).

The Role of Adverbs in Hungarian[edit | edit source]

Adverbs modify verbs, adjectives, or other adverbs, giving more information about how, when, or where an action takes place. They can express time, frequency, manner, or degree.

Key Points:

  • Adverbs typically follow the verb they modify.
  • They do not change form based on gender or number.

Common Adverbs of Time and Frequency[edit | edit source]

Here are some common adverbs of time and frequency in Hungarian:

Hungarian Pronunciation English
most moʃt now
mindig miːndɪɡ always
néha neːhɒ sometimes
soha sohɒ never
gyakran ɟɒkrɒn often
korán koːrɒn early
későn keːʃøːn late
este ɛʃte evening
reggel rɛɡɛl morning
tegnap tɛɡnɒp yesterday

Understanding when and how to use these adverbs will enhance your ability to express time and frequency in your sentences.

Examples of Combining Adjectives and Adverbs[edit | edit source]

To illustrate how adjectives and adverbs work together, consider the following sentences:

1. A szép lány gyorsan fut. (The beautiful girl runs quickly.)

2. A nagy ház mindig üres. (The big house is always empty.)

3. A kicsi kutya korán kel. (The small dog gets up early.)

4. Az okos diák soha nem késik. (The smart student is never late.)

5. A boldog család gyakran utazik. (The happy family travels often.)

Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now it’s time to practice what you’ve learned! Here are 10 exercises to help you reinforce your understanding of adjectives and adverbs in Hungarian:

Exercise 1: Fill in the Blanks[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Hungarian using the correct form of the adjectives and adverbs provided.

1. The big house is beautiful.

2. She runs quickly.

3. The small dog is happy.

4. They travel often.

5. The sad girl is never late.

Solutions:

1. A nagy ház szép.

2. Ő gyorsan fut.

3. A kicsi kutya boldog.

4. Ők gyakran utaznak.

5. A szomorú lány soha nem késik.

Exercise 2: Match the Descriptions[edit | edit source]

Match the adjectives with their English translations.

| Hungarian | English |

|---------------|------------------|

| szép | a) small |

| okos | b) happy |

| nagy | c) beautiful |

| boldog | d) smart |

Solutions:

  • szép - c) beautiful
  • okos - d) smart
  • nagy - a) big
  • boldog - b) happy

Exercise 3: Create Sentences[edit | edit source]

Using the adjectives and adverbs provided, create your own sentences.

Adjectives: színes, egyszerű, gyors

Adverbs: néha, soha, mindig

Example Solutions:

1. A színes könyv mindig érdekes. (The colorful book is always interesting.)

2. Az egyszerű válasz soha nem elég. (The simple answer is never enough.)

3. A gyors autó néha lassú. (The fast car is sometimes slow.)

Exercise 4: Identify the Adjectives and Adverbs[edit | edit source]

Read the following sentences and underline the adjectives and adverbs.

1. The small cat is always playful.

2. She sings beautifully.

3. The big tree is very tall.

4. They rarely visit us.

Solutions:

1. The small cat is always playful.

2. She sings beautifully.

3. The big tree is very tall.

4. They rarely visit us.

Exercise 5: Translate the Sentences[edit | edit source]

Translate the following sentences into Hungarian.

1. The happy family is always together.

2. The sad movie ended late.

3. The colorful flowers bloom in spring.

4. The smart boy studies early.

Solutions:

1. A boldog család mindig együtt van.

2. A szomorú film későn ért véget.

3. A színes virágok tavasszal nyílnak.

4. Az okos fiú korán tanul.

Exercise 6: Choose the Correct Form[edit | edit source]

Choose the correct adjective or adverb to complete the sentences.

1. She is a (boldog/ boldogabb) girl.

2. He runs (gyorsan/gyorsabb) than his brother.

3. This is a (szép/szebb) painting.

4. They dance (gyakran/gyakrabban) at the club.

Solutions:

1. She is a boldog girl.

2. He runs gyorsabban than his brother.

3. This is a szebb painting.

4. They dance gyakran at the club.

Exercise 7: Fill in with Adverbs[edit | edit source]

Fill in the blanks with the correct adverb from the list: (mindig, néha, soha).

1. She is (always) late.

2. He (never) eats vegetables.

3. They go to the cinema (sometimes).

Solutions:

1. She is mindig late.

2. He soha eats vegetables.

3. They go to the cinema néha.

Exercise 8: Sentence Transformation[edit | edit source]

Transform the following sentences by changing the adjectives or adverbs.

1. The big dog runs fast. (Use small and slow)

2. The beautiful girl sings beautifully. (Use plain and loudly)

Example Solutions:

1. The small dog runs slowly.

2. The plain girl sings loudly.

Exercise 9: Create Adjective Phrases[edit | edit source]

Combine the adjectives with nouns to form phrases.

1. (szép, ház)

2. (nagy, kutya)

3. (okos, lány)

Solutions:

1. szép ház (beautiful house)

2. nagy kutya (big dog)

3. okos lány (smart girl)

Exercise 10: Adjective and Adverb Quiz[edit | edit source]

Choose whether the following statements are true or false.

1. Adjectives come after the noun in Hungarian. (False)

2. Adverbs can modify adjectives. (True)

3. There are no plural forms for adjectives in Hungarian. (False)

4. Adjectives and adverbs agree in gender. (False)

Solutions:

1. False

2. True

3. False

4. False

In conclusion, mastering adjectives and adverbs in Hungarian will greatly enhance your descriptive capabilities and your overall communication skills. Keep practicing and using these words in your conversations, and you'll find that your confidence in speaking Hungarian will grow.

Table of Contents - Hungarian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Pronouns and Verb Conjugation


Numbers and Time


Questions and Negation


Family and Relationships


Adjectives and Adverbs


Food and Dining


Prepositions and Location


Travel and Transportation


Hungarian Customs and Traditions


Possessive Pronouns and Plurals


Hobbies and Leisure Activities


Hungarian History and Geography

Videos[edit | edit source]

HUNGARIAN LESSON Nr. 3 - ADVERBS - ADJECTIVES - YouTube[edit | edit source]


Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



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