Difference between revisions of "Language/Multiple-languages/Culture/Traditional-Musical-Instruments:-Western-Asia"
(35 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Traditional-Musical-Instruments}} | {{Traditional-Musical-Instruments}} | ||
== Percussion == | == Percussion == | ||
Line 16: | Line 14: | ||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB_01.jpg/360px-%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB_01.jpg | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB_01.jpg/360px-%D0%90%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB_01.jpg | ||
=== ''Kudüm'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Turkish | |||
|- | |||
|kudüm | |||
|} | |||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pQzpg5BM | |||
Turkish: | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Konya_Mevlana_1313.JPG/640px-Konya_Mevlana_1313.JPG | |||
=== ''Nagara'' === | === ''Nagara'' === | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!Azerbaijani | !Azerbaijani | ||
!South Azerbaijani | !South Azerbaijani | ||
!Turkish | !Turkish | ||
|- | |- | ||
|nağara | |nağara | ||
<p style="text-align:right">ناغارا</p> | |||
| | |nağara | ||
|nağara | |nağara | ||
|} | |} | ||
Line 34: | Line 43: | ||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Azerbaijani_musical_instrument_naghara_in_Heydar_Aliyev_Center.jpg/360px-Azerbaijani_musical_instrument_naghara_in_Heydar_Aliyev_Center.jpg | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Azerbaijani_musical_instrument_naghara_in_Heydar_Aliyev_Center.jpg/360px-Azerbaijani_musical_instrument_naghara_in_Heydar_Aliyev_Center.jpg | ||
=== ''Qaval'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Azerbaijani | |||
|- | |||
|qaval | |||
|} | |||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8bV2-X2P1OQ | |||
Azerbaijani: | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Aserbaidschanische_Volksinstrument_Gaval_1.JPG/426px-Aserbaidschanische_Volksinstrument_Gaval_1.JPG | |||
=== ''Zil'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Arabic | |||
!Turkish | |||
|- | |||
|<p style="text-align:right">صاجات</p> | |||
|zil | |||
|} | |||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wYWbHoR5tHs | |||
Turkish: | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/ff/Zils.JPG | |||
== String == | == String == | ||
Line 50: | Line 85: | ||
=== ''Apkhyarta'' === | === ''Apkhyarta'' === | ||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Abkhazian | |||
|- | |||
|аԥхьарца | |||
|} | |||
Abkhazian: | Abkhazian: | ||
Line 72: | Line 112: | ||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Turkey.Konya024.jpg/360px-Turkey.Konya024.jpg | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Turkey.Konya024.jpg/360px-Turkey.Konya024.jpg | ||
=== ''Changi'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Georgian | |||
|- | |||
|ჩანგი | |||
|} | |||
Georgian: | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Changi%2CTbilisi2.jpg/640px-Changi%2CTbilisi2.jpg | |||
=== ''Chonguri'' === | === ''Chonguri'' === | ||
Line 80: | Line 131: | ||
|} | |} | ||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O1d7lQ-cGvc | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O1d7lQ-cGvc | ||
Georgian: | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/%C3%87o%C4%9Fur.jpg/360px-%C3%87o%C4%9Fur.jpg | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/%C3%87o%C4%9Fur.jpg/360px-%C3%87o%C4%9Fur.jpg | ||
=== ''Chuniri'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Georgian | |||
!Ossetian | |||
|- | |||
|ჭუნირი | |||
|хъисын | |||
|} | |||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FxmF2alQ_Ao | |||
Georgian: | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Chuniri%2CTbilisi1.jpg/321px-Chuniri%2CTbilisi1.jpg | |||
=== ''Cura'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Turkish | |||
|- | |||
|cura | |||
|} | |||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oWdkGBc8Sb8 | |||
Turkish: | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Cura.png/306px-Cura.png | |||
=== ''Cümbüş'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Turkish | |||
|- | |||
|cümbüş | |||
|} | |||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubF3ss5_S8Y | |||
Turkish: | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/TurkishMandolinBanjo.jpg/191px-TurkishMandolinBanjo.jpg | |||
=== ''Kamancheh'' === | === ''Kamancheh'' === | ||
Line 104: | Line 195: | ||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Azerbaijani_musical_instrument_kamancha_in_Heydar_Aliyev_Center.jpg/360px-Azerbaijani_musical_instrument_kamancha_in_Heydar_Aliyev_Center.jpg | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Azerbaijani_musical_instrument_kamancha_in_Heydar_Aliyev_Center.jpg/360px-Azerbaijani_musical_instrument_kamancha_in_Heydar_Aliyev_Center.jpg | ||
=== '' | === ''Karadeniz Kemençesi'' / ''Pontiakí Lýra'' === | ||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!Armenian | |||
!Laz | |||
!Modern Greek | |||
!Turkish | !Turkish | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | |քամանի | ||
|ჭილილი | |||
|ποντιακή λύρα | |||
|karadeniz kemençesi | |||
|} | |} | ||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jFo4ovc0_so | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jFo4ovc0_so | ||
Turkish: | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Kemenche0.jpg/168px-Kemenche0.jpg | ||
=== ''Kinnor'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Hebrew | |||
|- | |||
|<p style="text-align:right">כִּנּוֹר</p> | |||
|} | |||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dztf4hzdOcc | |||
Jewish: | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Louvre-Lens_Cithare.JPG/325px-Louvre-Lens_Cithare.JPG | |||
=== ''Klasik Kemençe'' / ''Polítiki Lýra'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Modern Greek | |||
!Turkish | |||
|- | |||
|πολίτικη λύρα | |||
|klasik kemençe | |||
|} | |||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=euZJKuHqIGI | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Kemence_Sezgin_%281%29.jpg/640px-Kemence_Sezgin_%281%29.jpg | ||
=== ''Lavta'' === | === ''Lavta'' === | ||
Line 127: | Line 246: | ||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Lavta.jpg | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Lavta.jpg | ||
=== ''Oud'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Arabic | |||
|- | |||
|<p style="text-align:right">عود</p> | |||
|} | |||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d0Zn3_mriXM | |||
Arabian: | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Oud2.jpg/639px-Oud2.jpg | |||
Turkish: | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/04/Dusepo_turkishoud.jpg | |||
=== ''Panduri'' === | === ''Panduri'' === | ||
Line 139: | Line 274: | ||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Georgia_2011_052_%285681237150%29.jpg/360px-Georgia_2011_052_%285681237150%29.jpg | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/Georgia_2011_052_%285681237150%29.jpg/360px-Georgia_2011_052_%285681237150%29.jpg | ||
=== ''Qanbūs'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Arabic | |||
|- | |||
|<p style="text-align:right">قنبوس</p> | |||
|} | |||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CCY-9FwtS1k | |||
Arabian: | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Qanbus_Ahmad_Al-Tashi.jpg/215px-Qanbus_Ahmad_Al-Tashi.jpg | |||
=== ''Qanun'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Arabic | |||
!Armenian | |||
!Azerbaijani | |||
!Hebrew | |||
!Modern Greek | |||
!Persian | |||
!Turkish | |||
!Uighur | |||
|- | |||
|<p style="text-align:right">قانون</p> | |||
|քանոն | |||
|qanun | |||
|<p style="text-align:right">קאנון</p> | |||
|κανονάκι | |||
|<p style="text-align:right">قانون</p> | |||
|kanun | |||
|<p style="text-align:right">قالون</p> | |||
|} | |||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aaEbqQ468Rs | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Q%C4%81n%C5%ABn_-_MET_89.4.330.jpg/640px-Q%C4%81n%C5%ABn_-_MET_89.4.330.jpg | |||
=== ''Rebab'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Arabic | |||
|- | |||
|<p style="text-align:right">ربابة</p> | |||
|} | |||
Arabian: | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Rababy.JPG/360px-Rababy.JPG | |||
=== ''Tar'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Azerbaijani | |||
|- | |||
|tar | |||
|} | |||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mLTmFY_wiP8 | |||
Azerbaijani: | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Aserbaidschanische_Volksinstrument_Tar.JPG/640px-Aserbaidschanische_Volksinstrument_Tar.JPG | |||
=== ''Tambur'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Turkish | |||
|- | |||
|tambur | |||
|} | |||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4bMQCm4e44 | |||
Turkish: | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/Yayl%C4%B1Tambur_of_DrOzanYarman.jpg/320px-Yayl%C4%B1Tambur_of_DrOzanYarman.jpg | |||
== Wind == | == Wind == | ||
Line 147: | Line 353: | ||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%8C.jpg/360px-%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%8C.jpg | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%8C.jpg/360px-%D0%90%D0%B1%D1%8B%D0%BA%D1%8C.jpg | ||
=== ''Arghul'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Arabic | |||
|- | |||
|<p style="text-align:right">أرغول</p> | |||
|} | |||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7IEfVG2AHMM | |||
Arabian: | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Arghul_Egypt.jpg/640px-Arghul_Egypt.jpg | |||
=== ''Balaban'' === | === ''Balaban'' === | ||
Line 160: | Line 378: | ||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Balaban_Azerbaijani.JPG/640px-Balaban_Azerbaijani.JPG | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Balaban_Azerbaijani.JPG/640px-Balaban_Azerbaijani.JPG | ||
=== ''Gudastviri'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Georgian | |||
|- | |||
|გუდასტვირი | |||
|} | |||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E2q5PZqqZek | |||
Georgian: | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/%E6%A0%BC%E9%B2%81%E5%90%89%E4%BA%9A%E9%A3%8E%E7%90%B4gudastviri.jpg/334px-%E6%A0%BC%E9%B2%81%E5%90%89%E4%BA%9A%E9%A3%8E%E7%90%B4gudastviri.jpg | |||
=== ''Duduk'' === | === ''Duduk'' === | ||
Line 173: | Line 403: | ||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Doudouk_armenien.jpg/640px-Doudouk_armenien.jpg | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Doudouk_armenien.jpg/640px-Doudouk_armenien.jpg | ||
=== '' | === ''Mijwiz'' === | ||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Arabic | |||
|- | |||
|<p style="text-align:right">مجوز</p> | |||
|} | |||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i2zx1KUZP6c | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Mijwiz.jpg/800px-Mijwiz.jpg | |||
=== ''Ney'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
!Arabic | !Arabic | ||
!Persian | !Persian | ||
!Turkish | |||
|- | |||
|<p style="text-align:right">الناي</p> | |||
|<p style="text-align:right">نی</p> | |||
|ney | |||
|} | |||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CozVcLFpOeM | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/KizNey.jpg/246px-KizNey.jpg | |||
=== ''Salamuri'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Georgian | |||
|- | |- | ||
| | |სალამური | ||
|<p style="text-align:right"> | |} | ||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DWFUVtl0mC8 | |||
Georgian: | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Salamuri_de_face.JPG/360px-Salamuri_de_face.JPG | |||
=== ''Shofar'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Hebrew | |||
|- | |||
|<p style="text-align:right">שׁוֹפָר</p> | |||
|} | |} | ||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= | https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1pqEk4MULcE | ||
Jewish: | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/ | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Liten_askenasisk_sjofar_5380.jpg/640px-Liten_askenasisk_sjofar_5380.jpg | ||
=== ''Shvi'' === | === ''Shvi'' === | ||
Line 198: | Line 462: | ||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Shvi.jpg | https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Shvi.jpg | ||
=== ''Tulum'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Armenian | |||
!Azerbaijani | |||
!Georgian | |||
!Laz | |||
!Turkish | |||
|- | |||
|Պարկապզուկ | |||
|tulum | |||
|გუდასტვირი | |||
|გუდა | |||
|tulum | |||
|} | |||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WlKvUytZ_Wg | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Nikitas_Tsimouris_playing_a_tsambouna-_Tarpon_Springs%2C_Florida_%283340815529%29.jpg/392px-Nikitas_Tsimouris_playing_a_tsambouna-_Tarpon_Springs%2C_Florida_%283340815529%29.jpg | |||
=== ''Tütək'' === | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
!Azerbaijani | |||
|- | |||
|tütək | |||
|} | |||
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mMI6peFdkNg | |||
Azerbaijani: | |||
https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Azerbaijani_folk_instrument_Tutek.JPG/243px-Azerbaijani_folk_instrument_Tutek.JPG | |||
==Other lessons== | ==Other lessons== |
Latest revision as of 12:15, 22 February 2024
Percussion[edit | edit source]
Abkhazian Rattle[edit | edit source]
Abkhazian:
Adaul[edit | edit source]
Abkhazian:
Kudüm[edit | edit source]
Turkish |
---|
kudüm |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pQzpg5BM
Turkish:
Nagara[edit | edit source]
Azerbaijani | South Azerbaijani | Turkish |
---|---|---|
nağara
ناغارا |
nağara | nağara |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uCp1-Bu4qN0
Azerbaijani:
Qaval[edit | edit source]
Azerbaijani |
---|
qaval |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8bV2-X2P1OQ
Azerbaijani:
Zil[edit | edit source]
Arabic | Turkish |
---|---|
صاجات |
zil |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wYWbHoR5tHs
Turkish:
String[edit | edit source]
Achamgur[edit | edit source]
Abkhazian:
Akhymaa[edit | edit source]
Abkhazian:
Apkhyarta[edit | edit source]
Abkhazian |
---|
аԥхьарца |
Abkhazian:
Ayumaa[edit | edit source]
Abkhazian:
Çeng[edit | edit source]
Turkish |
---|
çeng |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ti_jsP3BJ-g
Turkish:
Changi[edit | edit source]
Georgian |
---|
ჩანგი |
Georgian:
Chonguri[edit | edit source]
Georgian |
---|
ჩონგური |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O1d7lQ-cGvc
Georgian:
Chuniri[edit | edit source]
Georgian | Ossetian |
---|---|
ჭუნირი | хъисын |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FxmF2alQ_Ao
Georgian:
Cura[edit | edit source]
Turkish |
---|
cura |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oWdkGBc8Sb8
Turkish:
Cümbüş[edit | edit source]
Turkish |
---|
cümbüş |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ubF3ss5_S8Y
Turkish:
Kamancheh[edit | edit source]
Armenian | Azerbaijani | Kurdish |
---|---|---|
Քամանչա | kamança | kemançe
کەمانچە |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s6E5_pJ9EKc
Armenian:
Azerbaijani:
Karadeniz Kemençesi / Pontiakí Lýra[edit | edit source]
Armenian | Laz | Modern Greek | Turkish |
---|---|---|---|
քամանի | ჭილილი | ποντιακή λύρα | karadeniz kemençesi |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jFo4ovc0_so
Kinnor[edit | edit source]
Hebrew |
---|
כִּנּוֹר |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dztf4hzdOcc
Jewish:
Klasik Kemençe / Polítiki Lýra[edit | edit source]
Modern Greek | Turkish |
---|---|
πολίτικη λύρα | klasik kemençe |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=euZJKuHqIGI
Lavta[edit | edit source]
Turkish |
---|
lavta |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AMPuJqFB6FE
Turkish:
Oud[edit | edit source]
Arabic |
---|
عود |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d0Zn3_mriXM
Arabian:
Turkish:
Panduri[edit | edit source]
Georgian |
---|
ფანდური |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AMPuJqFB6FE
Georgian:
Qanbūs[edit | edit source]
Arabic |
---|
قنبوس |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CCY-9FwtS1k
Arabian:
Qanun[edit | edit source]
Arabic | Armenian | Azerbaijani | Hebrew | Modern Greek | Persian | Turkish | Uighur |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
قانون |
քանոն | qanun | קאנון |
κανονάκι | قانون |
kanun | قالون |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aaEbqQ468Rs
Rebab[edit | edit source]
Arabic |
---|
ربابة |
Arabian:
Tar[edit | edit source]
Azerbaijani |
---|
tar |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mLTmFY_wiP8
Azerbaijani:
Tambur[edit | edit source]
Turkish |
---|
tambur |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I4bMQCm4e44
Turkish:
Wind[edit | edit source]
Abyk[edit | edit source]
Abkhazian:
Arghul[edit | edit source]
Arabic |
---|
أرغول |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7IEfVG2AHMM
Arabian:
Balaban[edit | edit source]
Azerbaijani |
---|
balaban
بالابان |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jXS7wIPwApA
Azerbaijani:
Gudastviri[edit | edit source]
Georgian |
---|
გუდასტვირი |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E2q5PZqqZek
Georgian:
Duduk[edit | edit source]
Armenian |
---|
դուդուկ |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=E2q5PZqqZek
Armenian:
Mijwiz[edit | edit source]
Arabic |
---|
مجوز |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=i2zx1KUZP6c
Ney[edit | edit source]
Arabic | Persian | Turkish |
---|---|---|
الناي |
نی |
ney |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CozVcLFpOeM
Salamuri[edit | edit source]
Georgian |
---|
სალამური |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DWFUVtl0mC8
Georgian:
Shofar[edit | edit source]
Hebrew |
---|
שׁוֹפָר |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1pqEk4MULcE
Jewish:
Shvi[edit | edit source]
Armenian |
---|
շվի |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AUGoNzzyf08
Armenian:
Tulum[edit | edit source]
Armenian | Azerbaijani | Georgian | Laz | Turkish |
---|---|---|---|---|
Պարկապզուկ | tulum | გუდასტვირი | გუდა | tulum |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WlKvUytZ_Wg
Tütək[edit | edit source]
Azerbaijani |
---|
tütək |
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mMI6peFdkNg
Azerbaijani:
Other lessons[edit | edit source]
- Traditional Symbols and Motifs: Southeastern Asia
- FLOSS programs with Anki support
- Most Important Dates in World History
- Traditional Symbols and Motifs: Eastern Europe
- Best Guitarists
- Ordering with Letters
- Traditional Architectures: Polynesia
- Best Singers
- Websites of Classified Advertisement
- Traditional Symbols and Motifs: Northern Africa
- Traditional Architectures: Eastern Asia
- Most Famous Non–Contemporary Artists
- Traditional Architectures: Western Africa
- Internet resources for learning specific languages
- Texts and Audios under a Public License