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{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Southern-sotho/Grammar/Personal-Pronouns|◀️ Personal Pronouns — Previous Lesson]]
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{{Southern-sotho-Page-Top}}
<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Southern-sotho|Southern Sotho]]  → [[Language/Southern-sotho/Vocabulary|Vocabulary]] → [[Language/Southern-sotho/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Numbers and Time → Counting Numbers</div>


<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Southern-sotho|Southern Sotho]]  → [[Language/Southern-sotho/Vocabulary|Vocabulary]] → [[Language/Southern-sotho/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Numbers and Time → Counting Numbers</div>
== Introduction ==
 
Welcome to the lesson on counting numbers in Southern Sotho! In this lesson, we will explore the fascinating world of numbers and their use in everyday situations. Numbers are an essential part of any language, and mastering them will greatly enhance your ability to communicate in Southern Sotho. We will cover cardinal and ordinal numbers, as well as their pronunciation and usage. So let's dive in and start counting!


__TOC__
__TOC__


<h1>Counting Numbers in Southern Sotho</h1>
== Cardinal Numbers ==


<p><b>Welcome to the Numbers and Time lesson of this Complete 0 to A1 Southern Sotho Course.</b></p>
Cardinal numbers are used to represent quantity or amount. They are the basic building blocks of our number system and are used in various contexts, such as counting objects, telling time, and expressing ages. In Southern Sotho, cardinal numbers are relatively easy to learn as they follow a straightforward pattern. Let's start by learning the numbers from 1 to 10:
<p>In this lesson, we will focus on counting numbers in Southern Sotho. We will go through cardinal and ordinal numbers and their use in everyday situations.</p>


<h2>Cardinal Numbers</h2>
{| class="wikitable"
! Southern Sotho !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| 1 || le tse ling || one
|-
| 2 || le tse pedi || two
|-
| 3 || le tse tharo || three
|-
| 4 || le tse nne || four
|-
| 5 || le tse hlano || five
|-
| 6 || le tse tshela || six
|-
| 7 || le tse supa || seven
|-
| 8 || le tse robong || eight
|-
| 9 || le tse shome || nine
|-
| 10 || le tse lesome || ten
|}


<p>Cardinal numbers are used to count and denote quantity. Here are the first ten cardinal numbers in Southern Sotho:</p>
Now that we have learned the numbers from 1 to 10, let's continue counting to 20:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Southern Sotho !! Pronunciation !! English
! Southern Sotho !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
|-
| 'a  || ʔa  || one
| 11 || lesome le le nngwe || eleven
|-
|-
| bo  || bɔ  || two
| 12 || lesome le le pedi || twelve
|-
|-
| tharo  || tʰarɔ  || three
| 13 || lesome le le tharo || thirteen
|-
|-
| nne  || nːɛ  || four
| 14 || lesome le le nne || fourteen
|-
|-
| hlano  || ɬanɔ  || five
| 15 || lesome le le hlano || fifteen
|-
|-
| tshela  || tʃʰɛla  || six
| 16 || lesome le le tshela || sixteen
|-
|-
| shupa  || ʃupa  || seven
| 17 || lesome le le supa || seventeen
|-
|-
| phatšo  || pʰatʃɔ  || eight
| 18 || lesome le le robong || eighteen
|-
|-
| robe  || rɔbɛ  || nine
| 19 || lesome le le shome || nineteen
|-
|-
| lesome  || lɛsɔmɛ  || ten
| 20 || lesome le le letsatsi || twenty
|}
|}


<p>Note that the first number <i>‘a</i></p> has a glottal stop at the beginning.</p>
Great job! You are now able to count up to 20 in Southern Sotho. As you can see, the numbers from 11 to 19 are formed by combining the word for "ten" (lesome) with the numbers from 1 to 9. The number 20 is expressed as "lesome le le letsatsi."


<p>The numbers from 11 to 19 are formed by adding <i>le-</i> (meaning ‘on ten’ or ‘by ten’) before the units. They are treated as single words and are written together in Southern Sotho.</p>
Let's continue our journey and learn the numbers from 21 to 100. The pattern is similar to what we have learned so far:


<ul>
{| class="wikitable"
<li>11: lesome le nngwe (literally, ‘ten and one’)</li>
! Southern Sotho !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
<li>12: lesome le ngwedi (literally, ‘ten and two’)</li>
|-
<li>13: lesome le nngwasha (literally, ‘ten and three’)</li>
| 21 || lesome le le letsatsi le mong || twenty-one
<li>14: lesome le nngwane (literally, ‘ten and four’)</li>
|-
<li>15: lesome le ntlhano (literally, ‘ten and five’)</li>
| 22 || lesome le le letsatsi le pedi || twenty-two
<li>16: lesome le tshela (literally, ‘ten and six’)</li>
|-
<li>17: lesome le shupa (literally, ‘ten and seven’)</li>
| 30 || lesome le le metsoalle || thirty
<li>18: lesome le phatšo (literally, ‘ten and eight’)</li>
|-
<li>19: lesome le robe (literally, ‘ten and nine’)</li>
| 40 || lesome le le leshome || forty
</ul>
|-
| 50 || lesome le le lefatše || fifty
|-
| 60 || lesome le le metso || sixty
|-
| 70 || lesome le le metsoalle le mong || seventy
|-
| 80 || lesome le le metsoalle le pedi || eighty
|-
| 90 || lesome le le lesome || ninety
|-
| 100 || lesome le le lefatše || one hundred
|}


<p>The tens after that are base words, and the number <i>ten</i> has a specific base word: <i>bathofo</i>. This is different from other sets of ten in Southern Sotho.</p>
Congratulations! You can now count up to 100 in Southern Sotho. It's important to practice these numbers regularly to reinforce your knowledge and improve your fluency.


<p>Here are the base numbers from twenty to one hundred:</p>
== Ordinal Numbers ==
 
Ordinal numbers are used to indicate the position or order of something. They are formed by adding the suffix "-eng" to the cardinal numbers. Let's take a look at the ordinal numbers from 1st to 10th:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Southern Sotho !! Pronunciation !! English
! Southern Sotho !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
|-
| bathofo || b͡a.tʰɔ.fɔ || ten
| 1st || le tse lingeng || first
|-
|-
| mabedi || ma.bɛ.di || twenty 
| 2nd || le tse peding || second
|-
|-
| matlhafo || ma.ɬa.fɔ || thirty 
| 3rd || le tse tharong || third
|-
|-
| marena || ma.rɛ.na || forty 
| 4th || le tse nneng || fourth
|-
|-
| matsela || ma.tsɛ.la || fifty 
| 5th || le tse hlanoeng || fifth
|-
|-
| moraro || mɔ.ra.ro || sixty 
| 6th || le tse tsheleng || sixth
|-
|-
| sesotho || sɛ.sɔ.tʰɔ || seventy
| 7th || le tse supeng || seventh
|-
|-
| supa || su.pa || eighty
| 8th || le tse robongeng || eighth
|-
|-
| robong || rɔ.bɔŋ || ninety 
| 9th || le tse shomeng || ninth
|-
|-
| ruri || rʊ.ri || one hundred
| 10th || le tse lesomeng || tenth
|}
|}


<p>Note that the unit and the tens are written together to form one word in Southern Sotho.</p>
To form the ordinal numbers from 11th onwards, we add the suffix "-eng" to the cardinal numbers:


<h2>Ordinal Numbers</h2>
{| class="wikitable"
! Southern Sotho !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| 11th || lesome le le nngweng || eleventh
|-
| 12th || lesome le le peding || twelfth
|-
| 13th || lesome le le tharong || thirteenth
|-
| 14th || lesome le le nneng || fourteenth
|-
| 15th || lesome le le hlanoeng || fifteenth
|-
| 16th || lesome le le tsheleng || sixteenth
|-
| 17th || lesome le le supeng || seventeenth
|-
| 18th || lesome le le robongeng || eighteenth
|-
| 19th || lesome le le shomeng || nineteenth
|-
| 20th || lesome le le letsatsing || twentieth
|}


<p>Ordinal numbers are used to denote the position of something in a sequence. They are formed by adding the suffix <i>-eng</i> to the cardinal number.</p>
Continue practicing and familiarizing yourself with the ordinal numbers from 21st to 100th, using the same pattern:
 
<p>Here are the first ten ordinal numbers in Southern Sotho:</p>


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Southern Sotho !! Pronunciation !! English
! Southern Sotho !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
|-
| phela ya 'a  || pʰɛla ja ʔa || the first  
| 21st || lesome le le letsatsing le mong || twenty-first
|-
|-
| phela ya bo || pʰɛla ja bɔ || the second  
| 22nd || lesome le le letsatsing le peding || twenty-second
|-
|-
| phela ya tharo  || pʰɛla jɑ tʰarɔ || the third 
| 30th || lesome le le metsoalleng || thirtieth
|-
|-
| phela ya nne || pʰɛla ja nːɛ || the fourth 
| 40th || lesome le le leshomeng || fortieth
|-
|-
| phela ya hlano || pʰɛla ja ɬanɔ || the fifth
| 50th || lesome le le lefatšeng || fiftieth
|-
|-
| phela ya tshela || pʰɛla ja tʃʰɛla || the sixth 
| 60th || lesome le le metsoeng || sixtieth
|-
|-
| phela ya shupa || pʰɛla ja ʃupa || the seventh
| 70th || lesome le le metsoalleng le mong || seventieth
|-
|-
| phela ya phatšo  || pʰɛla ja pʰatʃɔ || the eighth 
| 80th || lesome le le metsoalleng le peding || eightieth
|-
|-
| phela ya robe || pʰɛla ja rɔbɛ || the ninth 
| 90th || lesome le le lesomeng || ninetieth
|-
|-
| phela ya lesome  || pʰɛla ja lɛsɔmɛ || the tenth
| 100th || lesome le le lefatšeng || one hundredth
|}
|}


<p>Note that for the first number, <i>‘a</i></p> has a glottal stop at the beginning.</p>
Well done! You have now learned how to count in Southern Sotho using cardinal and ordinal numbers. Make sure to practice regularly to reinforce your knowledge and improve your fluency.


<p>The next ordinals are formed by adding <i>feteng</i> after the cardinal number. Like the tens, this one has a specific base word, and it is different from other multiples of ten in Southern Sotho.</p>
== Cultural Insights ==


<p>Here are the multiples of ten in pairs of tens:</p>
In Southern Sotho culture, numbers hold significant cultural and symbolic meanings. For example, the number 7 (supa) is considered a lucky number and often associated with good fortune and blessings. It is believed that events or activities performed in sevens will bring prosperity and success. The number 8 (robong) is associated with abundance and wealth, as it sounds similar to the word for "rich."


<ul>
Additionally, in Southern Sotho tradition, certain numbers are considered sacred and are often used in rituals and ceremonies. For instance, the number 3 (tharo) represents the past, present, and future, symbolizing completeness and unity. It is often used in traditional dances and songs to evoke a sense of harmony and balance.
<li>’le mabedi feteng (20th)</li>
<li>’le matlhafo feteng (30th)</li>
<li>’le marena feteng (40th)</li>
<li>’le matsela feteng (50th)</li>
<li>’le moraro feteng (60th)</li>
<li>’le sesotho feteng (70th)</li>
<li>’le supa feteng (80th)</li>
<li>’le robong feteng (90th)</li>
<li>’le ruri feteng (100th)</li>
</ul>


<h2>Counting Objects and People</h2>
Understanding the cultural significance of numbers in Southern Sotho will not only enrich your language learning experience but also provide valuable insights into the vibrant heritage and traditions of the Sotho people.


<p>To count objects or people, the noun needs to be followed by the relevant numeral.</p>
== Exercises ==


<ul>
Now let's put your knowledge of counting numbers to the test with some exercises. Choose the correct Southern Sotho translation for the given English numbers:
<li>Ba nang le moputso wa bofelela. (‘They have one child.’)</li>
<li>Ke na le mabitso a matlhafo a feteng. (‘I have thirty cows.’)</li>
<li>Ha ke na le melawana hammoho leshome le lesome le nngwe. (‘I have a total of eleven chickens.’)</li>
</ul>


<p>Note the use of the word <i>a</i> meaning ‘of’ in order to link the noun and the number.</p>
1. Five
a) le tse ling
b) le tse hlano
c) le tse tshela


<h2>Time and Dates</h2>
2. Twelve
a) le tse pedi
b) lesome le le pedi
c) lesome le le metsoalle


<p>To tell time, the phrase <i>ke bona</i> (I see) is used along with the hour and minutes. When specifying AM or PM, the phrases <i>borrow</i> (in the evening/night) and <i>bohlokoa bo fetang</i> (in the morning) are used.</p>
3. Seventy
a) le tse supa
b) lesome le le metso
c) lesome le le metsoalle le mong


<ul>
4. Forty-five
<li>Ke bona ke fumane libala tše tharo tša boraro. (‘I see that it is 6 AM.’)</li>
a) le tse leshome
<li>Ke bona ke fumane libala tše phatšo tše halfa (‘I see that it is 8:30AM.)</li>
b) lesome le le hlanoeng
<li>Ke bona ke fumane libala tše supa le leholimo. (‘I see that it is 11:00PM.’)</li>
c) lesome le le hlano le tse leshome
</ul>


<p>To express dates, you would say <i>letsatsi la …</i> (the day of …) followed by the relevant ordinal number.</p>
5. Ninety-nine
a) le tse shome
b) lesome le le letsatsi
c) lesome le le shomeeng


<ul>
Solutions:
<li>letsatsi la phela ya bo (‘the second day’)</li>
1. b) le tse hlano
<li>letsatsi la phela ya nne (‘the fourth day’)</li>
2. b) lesome le le pedi
<li>letsatsi la phela ya moraro feteng (‘the sixty-first day’)</li>
3. c) lesome le le metsoalle le mong
</ul>
4. c) lesome le le hlano le tse leshome
5. c) lesome le le shomeeng


<h2>Conclusion</h2>
Explanation:
1. "le tse hlano" is the correct translation for "five."
2. "lesome le le pedi" is the correct translation for "twelve."
3. "lesome le le metsoalle le mong" is the correct translation for "seventy."
4. "lesome le le hlano le tse leshome" is the correct translation for "forty-five."
5. "lesome le le shomeeng" is the correct translation for "ninety-nine."


<p>Congratulations, you’ve learned how to count in Southern Sotho, including cardinal and ordinal numbers, and their use in everyday situations. We hope you found this lesson helpful, and don’t forget to practice what you’ve learned! </p>
Keep practicing to strengthen your understanding of counting numbers in Southern Sotho!


{{#seo:
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|title=Southern Sotho Vocabulary → Numbers and Time → Counting Numbers
|keywords=Southern Sotho, numbers, counting, cardinal numbers, ordinal numbers, time, dates
|keywords=Southern Sotho, Numbers in Southern Sotho, Counting Numbers, Cardinal Numbers, Ordinal Numbers, Southern Sotho Culture
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to count in Southern Sotho, including cardinal and ordinal numbers, and their use in everyday situations, as well as telling time and expressing dates.
|description=In this lesson, students will learn how to count in Southern Sotho, including cardinal and ordinal numbers, and their use in everyday situations. Explore the cultural significance of numbers in Southern Sotho and practice with exercises.
}}
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* [[Language/Southern-sotho/Vocabulary/How-to-say-Good-Bye?|How to say Good Bye?]]
* [[Language/Southern-sotho/Vocabulary/How-to-say-Good-Bye?|How to say Good Bye?]]
* [[Language/Southern-sotho/Vocabulary/Food|Food]]
* [[Language/Southern-sotho/Vocabulary/Food|Food]]


{{Southern-sotho-Page-Bottom}}
{{Southern-sotho-Page-Bottom}}
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Latest revision as of 02:34, 23 June 2023

◀️ Personal Pronouns — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Telling Time ▶️

Lesotho-Timeline-PolyglotClub.png
Southern Sotho → Vocabulary → 0 to A1 Course → Numbers and Time → Counting Numbers

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Welcome to the lesson on counting numbers in Southern Sotho! In this lesson, we will explore the fascinating world of numbers and their use in everyday situations. Numbers are an essential part of any language, and mastering them will greatly enhance your ability to communicate in Southern Sotho. We will cover cardinal and ordinal numbers, as well as their pronunciation and usage. So let's dive in and start counting!

Cardinal Numbers[edit | edit source]

Cardinal numbers are used to represent quantity or amount. They are the basic building blocks of our number system and are used in various contexts, such as counting objects, telling time, and expressing ages. In Southern Sotho, cardinal numbers are relatively easy to learn as they follow a straightforward pattern. Let's start by learning the numbers from 1 to 10:

Southern Sotho Pronunciation English Translation
1 le tse ling one
2 le tse pedi two
3 le tse tharo three
4 le tse nne four
5 le tse hlano five
6 le tse tshela six
7 le tse supa seven
8 le tse robong eight
9 le tse shome nine
10 le tse lesome ten

Now that we have learned the numbers from 1 to 10, let's continue counting to 20:

Southern Sotho Pronunciation English Translation
11 lesome le le nngwe eleven
12 lesome le le pedi twelve
13 lesome le le tharo thirteen
14 lesome le le nne fourteen
15 lesome le le hlano fifteen
16 lesome le le tshela sixteen
17 lesome le le supa seventeen
18 lesome le le robong eighteen
19 lesome le le shome nineteen
20 lesome le le letsatsi twenty

Great job! You are now able to count up to 20 in Southern Sotho. As you can see, the numbers from 11 to 19 are formed by combining the word for "ten" (lesome) with the numbers from 1 to 9. The number 20 is expressed as "lesome le le letsatsi."

Let's continue our journey and learn the numbers from 21 to 100. The pattern is similar to what we have learned so far:

Southern Sotho Pronunciation English Translation
21 lesome le le letsatsi le mong twenty-one
22 lesome le le letsatsi le pedi twenty-two
30 lesome le le metsoalle thirty
40 lesome le le leshome forty
50 lesome le le lefatše fifty
60 lesome le le metso sixty
70 lesome le le metsoalle le mong seventy
80 lesome le le metsoalle le pedi eighty
90 lesome le le lesome ninety
100 lesome le le lefatše one hundred

Congratulations! You can now count up to 100 in Southern Sotho. It's important to practice these numbers regularly to reinforce your knowledge and improve your fluency.

Ordinal Numbers[edit | edit source]

Ordinal numbers are used to indicate the position or order of something. They are formed by adding the suffix "-eng" to the cardinal numbers. Let's take a look at the ordinal numbers from 1st to 10th:

Southern Sotho Pronunciation English Translation
1st le tse lingeng first
2nd le tse peding second
3rd le tse tharong third
4th le tse nneng fourth
5th le tse hlanoeng fifth
6th le tse tsheleng sixth
7th le tse supeng seventh
8th le tse robongeng eighth
9th le tse shomeng ninth
10th le tse lesomeng tenth

To form the ordinal numbers from 11th onwards, we add the suffix "-eng" to the cardinal numbers:

Southern Sotho Pronunciation English Translation
11th lesome le le nngweng eleventh
12th lesome le le peding twelfth
13th lesome le le tharong thirteenth
14th lesome le le nneng fourteenth
15th lesome le le hlanoeng fifteenth
16th lesome le le tsheleng sixteenth
17th lesome le le supeng seventeenth
18th lesome le le robongeng eighteenth
19th lesome le le shomeng nineteenth
20th lesome le le letsatsing twentieth

Continue practicing and familiarizing yourself with the ordinal numbers from 21st to 100th, using the same pattern:

Southern Sotho Pronunciation English Translation
21st lesome le le letsatsing le mong twenty-first
22nd lesome le le letsatsing le peding twenty-second
30th lesome le le metsoalleng thirtieth
40th lesome le le leshomeng fortieth
50th lesome le le lefatšeng fiftieth
60th lesome le le metsoeng sixtieth
70th lesome le le metsoalleng le mong seventieth
80th lesome le le metsoalleng le peding eightieth
90th lesome le le lesomeng ninetieth
100th lesome le le lefatšeng one hundredth

Well done! You have now learned how to count in Southern Sotho using cardinal and ordinal numbers. Make sure to practice regularly to reinforce your knowledge and improve your fluency.

Cultural Insights[edit | edit source]

In Southern Sotho culture, numbers hold significant cultural and symbolic meanings. For example, the number 7 (supa) is considered a lucky number and often associated with good fortune and blessings. It is believed that events or activities performed in sevens will bring prosperity and success. The number 8 (robong) is associated with abundance and wealth, as it sounds similar to the word for "rich."

Additionally, in Southern Sotho tradition, certain numbers are considered sacred and are often used in rituals and ceremonies. For instance, the number 3 (tharo) represents the past, present, and future, symbolizing completeness and unity. It is often used in traditional dances and songs to evoke a sense of harmony and balance.

Understanding the cultural significance of numbers in Southern Sotho will not only enrich your language learning experience but also provide valuable insights into the vibrant heritage and traditions of the Sotho people.

Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now let's put your knowledge of counting numbers to the test with some exercises. Choose the correct Southern Sotho translation for the given English numbers:

1. Five a) le tse ling b) le tse hlano c) le tse tshela

2. Twelve a) le tse pedi b) lesome le le pedi c) lesome le le metsoalle

3. Seventy a) le tse supa b) lesome le le metso c) lesome le le metsoalle le mong

4. Forty-five a) le tse leshome b) lesome le le hlanoeng c) lesome le le hlano le tse leshome

5. Ninety-nine a) le tse shome b) lesome le le letsatsi c) lesome le le shomeeng

Solutions: 1. b) le tse hlano 2. b) lesome le le pedi 3. c) lesome le le metsoalle le mong 4. c) lesome le le hlano le tse leshome 5. c) lesome le le shomeeng

Explanation: 1. "le tse hlano" is the correct translation for "five." 2. "lesome le le pedi" is the correct translation for "twelve." 3. "lesome le le metsoalle le mong" is the correct translation for "seventy." 4. "lesome le le hlano le tse leshome" is the correct translation for "forty-five." 5. "lesome le le shomeeng" is the correct translation for "ninety-nine."

Keep practicing to strengthen your understanding of counting numbers in Southern Sotho!

Table of Contents - Southern Sotho Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Introduction to Southern Sotho


Greetings and Introductions


Nouns and Pronouns


Numbers and Time


Verbs and Tenses


Everyday Activities


Adjectives and Adverbs


Food and Dining


Southern Sotho Traditions


Travel and Transportation


Questions and Negation


Shopping and Money


Southern Sotho Family Life



Other Lessons[edit | edit source]



◀️ Personal Pronouns — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Telling Time ▶️

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