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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Catalan|Catalan]]  → [[Language/Catalan/Grammar|Grammar]] → Past tense conjugation</div>


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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Catalan|Catalan]]  → [[Language/Catalan/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Catalan/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Intermediate Catalan grammar → Past tense conjugation</div>
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As a Catalan language teacher with 20 years of experience, I know that learning verb tenses can be challenging. However, understanding how to use the preterite and imperfect past tenses is essential for communicating effectively in Catalan. In this lesson, we will focus on the past tense conjugation of regular verbs and common irregular verbs.
== Introduction ==


In this lesson, we will delve into the intricacies of past tense conjugation in Catalan. Understanding how to conjugate verbs in the preterite and imperfect tenses is crucial for expressing actions and events that happened in the past. We will also explore common irregular verbs and their conjugations. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to confidently use the past tense in your Catalan conversations.


<span link>Don't miss the chance to check out these pages as you wrap up this lesson: [[Language/Catalan/Grammar/Plurals|Plurals]] & [[Language/Catalan/Grammar/Negation|Negation]].</span>
== Preterite Tense ==
== Preterite Tense ==


The preterite tense, or "pretèrit" in Catalan, is used to talk about finished actions in the past. It is also used to talk about a past action that interrupts an ongoing action. To form the preterite tense of regular verbs, we need to follow these steps:
The preterite tense, or "pretèrit indefinit" in Catalan, is used to describe completed actions or events in the past. To conjugate regular verbs in the preterite tense, we remove the infinitive ending (-ar, -er, or -ir) and add the corresponding endings. Let's take a look at the conjugation of regular verbs in the preterite tense:


1. Start with the infinitive verb
=== Regular -ar verbs ===
2. Remove the ending "-ar," "-er," or "-ir"
3. Add the preterite conjugation ending (-í, -ares, -à, -àrem, -àreu, -aren) depending on the subject pronouns (Jo, Tu, Ell/Ella, Nosaltres, Vosaltres, Els/Elles)


Here's how we conjugate the regular verbs in the preterite tense:  
To conjugate regular -ar verbs in the preterite tense, we use the following endings:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Parlar || [pərˈɫaɾ] || to speak
| parlar  || [pəɾˈlaɾ] || to speak  
|-
| cantar  || [kənˈtaɾ] || to sing
|-
| ballar  || [baˈʎaɾ] || to dance
|}
 
Example conjugation of the verb "parlar" (to speak):
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Jo vaig parlar || [ʒu vəj pərˈɫaɾ] || I spoke  
| jo parlí || [ʒu pəɾˈli] || I spoke  
|-
|-
| Tu vas parlar || [tu βəz pərˈɫaɾ] || You (singular) spoke
| tu parlàs || [tu pəɾˈlas] || you spoke  
|-
|-
| Ell/ella va parlar || [əʎ/əʎə βə pərˈɫaɾ] || He/she spoke
| ell/ella/vostè parlà || [əʎ/əʎə/βusˈte pəɾˈla] || he/she/you (formal) spoke  
|-
|-
| Nosaltres vam parlar || [nuˈsaɫtɾəz βəm pərˈɫaɾ] || We spoke
| nosaltres parlàrem || [nuˈzaɫtɾəz pəɾˈlaɾəm] || we spoke  
|-
|-
| Vosaltres vau parlar || [buˈsaɫtɾəz βəu pərˈɫaɾ] || You (plural) spoke
| vosaltres parlàreu || [βuˈzaɫtɾəz pəɾˈlaɾəw] || you all spoke  
|-
|-
| Ells/elles van parlar || [əʎs/əʎəz βəm pərˈɫaɾ] || They spoke
| ells/elles/vostès parlaran || [əʎz/əʎəs/βusˈtɛs pəɾˈlaɾən] || they/you all spoke  
|}
|}


Note that there are some irregular verbs in the preterite tense, which change their stem or have different endings from regular verbs. Here are some common examples:
=== Regular -er and -ir verbs ===
 
To conjugate regular -er and -ir verbs in the preterite tense, we use the following endings:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Ser || [səɾ] || to be
| beure  || [bəˈweɾ] || to drink
|-
|-
| Jo vaig ser || [ʒu vəj səɾ] || I was
| escriure  || [əsˈkɾi.wɾə] || to write
|-
|-
| Tu vas ser || [tu βəz səɾ] || You (singular) were
| partir  || [pəɾˈti] || to leave
|}
 
Example conjugation of the verb "beure" (to drink):
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| jo beguí || [ʒu bəˈɡi] || I drank
|-
| tu begué || [tu bəˈɡe] || you drank
|-
|-
| Ell/ella va ser || [əʎ/əʎə βə səɾ] || He/she was
| ell/ella/vostè begué || [əʎ/əʎə/βusˈte bəˈɡe] || he/she/you (formal) drank
|-
|-
| Nosaltres vam ser || [nuˈsaɫtɾəz βəm səɾ] || We were
| nosaltres beguérem || [nuˈzaɫtɾəz bəˈɡeɾəm] || we drank
|-
|-
| Vosaltres vau ser || [buˈsaɫtɾəz βəu səɾ] || You (plural) were
| vosaltres beguéreu || [βuˈzaɫtɾəz bəˈɡeɾəw] || you all drank
|-
|-
| Ells/elles van ser || [əʎs/əʎəz βəm səɾ] || They were
| ells/elles/vostès begueren || [əʎz/əʎəs/βusˈtɛs bəˈɡeɾən] || they/you all drank
|}
|}


== Imperfect Tense ==
== Imperfect Tense ==


The imperfect tense, or "imperfet" in Catalan, is used to talk about past actions that were ongoing or habitual in the past. To form the imperfect tense of regular verbs, we need to follow these steps:
The imperfect tense, or "pretèrit imperfect" in Catalan, is used to describe ongoing or habitual actions in the past. It is also used to set the scene or provide background information. To conjugate regular verbs in the imperfect tense, we remove the infinitive ending (-ar, -er, or -ir) and add the corresponding endings. Let's take a look at the conjugation of regular verbs in the imperfect tense:


1. Start with the infinitive verb
=== Regular -ar verbs ===
2. Remove the ending "-ar," "-er," or "-ir"
3. Add the imperfect conjugation ending (-ava, -aves, -ava, -àvem, -àveu, -aven) depending on the subject pronouns (Jo, Tu, Ell/Ella, Nosaltres, Vosaltres, Els/Elles)


Here's how we conjugate the regular verbs in the imperfect tense:  
To conjugate regular -ar verbs in the imperfect tense, we use the following endings:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Parlar || [pərˈɫaɾ] || to speak
| parlar  || [pəɾˈlaɾ] || to speak  
|-
|-
| Jo parlava || [ʒu pəɾˈɫaβə] || I used to speak
| cantar  || [kənˈtaɾ] || to sing
|-
|-
| Tu parlaves || [tu pəɾˈɫaβəs] || You (singular) used to speak
| ballar  || [baˈʎaɾ] || to dance
|}
 
Example conjugation of the verb "parlar" (to speak):
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Ell/ella parlava || [əʎ/əʎə pəɾˈɫaβə] || He/she used to speak
| jo parlava || [ʒu pəɾˈlaβə] || I used to speak  
|-
|-
| Nosaltres parlàvem || [nusaɫˈtɾəz pəɾˈɫaβəm] || We used to speak
| tu parlaves || [tu pəɾˈlaβəs] || you used to speak  
|-
|-
| Vosaltres parlàveu || [busaɫˈtɾəz pəɾˈɫaβɛw] || You (plural) used to speak
| ell/ella/vostè parlava || [əʎ/əʎə/βusˈte pəɾˈlaβə] || he/she/you (formal) used to speak  
|-
|-
| Ells/elles parlaven || [əʎs/əʎəz pəɾˈɫaβən] || They used to speak
| nosaltres parlàvem || [nuˈzaɫtɾəz pəɾˈlaβəm] || we used to speak
|-
| vosaltres parlàveu || [βuˈzaɫtɾəz pəɾˈlaβəw] || you all used to speak
|-
| ells/elles/vostès parlaven || [əʎz/əʎəs/βusˈtɛs pəɾˈlaβən] || they/you all used to speak  
|}
|}


Just like in the preterite tense, some verbs are irregular in the imperfect tense. Here are some common examples:
=== Regular -er and -ir verbs ===
 
To conjugate regular -er and -ir verbs in the imperfect tense, we use the following endings:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Ser || [səɾ] || to be
| beure  || [bəˈweɾ] || to drink
|-
|-
| Jo era || [ʒu ˈɛɾə] || I used to be
| escriure  || [əsˈkɾi.wɾə] || to write
|-
|-
| Tu eres || [tu ˈɛɾəs] || You (singular) used to be
| partir  || [pəɾˈti] || to leave
|}
 
Example conjugation of the verb "beure" (to drink):
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| jo bevia || [ʒu bəˈβiə] || I used to drink
|-
| tu bevies || [tu bəˈβiəs] || you used to drink
|-
|-
| Ell/ella era || [əʎ/əʎə ˈɛɾə] || He/she used to be
| ell/ella/vostè bevia || [əʎ/əʎə/βusˈte bəˈβiə] || he/she/you (formal) used to drink
|-
|-
| Nosaltres érem || [nuˈsaɫtɾəz ˈɛɾəm] || We used to be
| nosaltres bevíem || [nuˈzaɫtɾəz bəˈβiəm] || we used to drink
|-
|-
| Vosaltres éreu || [buˈsaɫtɾəz ˈɛɾew] || You (plural) used to be
| vosaltres bevíeu || [βuˈzaɫtɾəz bəˈβiəw] || you all used to drink
|-
|-
| Ells/elles eren || [əʎs/əʎəz ˈɛɾən] || They used to be
| ells/elles/vostès bevien || [əʎz/əʎəs/βusˈtɛs bəˈβiən] || they/you all used to drink
|}
|}


== Common Irregular Verbs ==
== Cultural Section ==
 
In different regions of Catalonia, there may be slight variations in the usage or understanding of the past tense. For example, in some areas, the preterite tense is used more frequently to describe completed actions in the past, while in other areas, the imperfect tense is preferred for setting the scene or providing background information. These regional variations can add richness and diversity to the language.
 
An interesting cultural fact related to the past tense in Catalan is its connection to historical events. The preterite tense is often used when talking about significant historical events, such as the Spanish Civil War or the Catalan independence movement. By using the preterite tense, speakers can convey a sense of immediacy and highlight the importance of these events in shaping Catalan history and identity.
 
== Practice Exercises ==
 
Now it's time to practice what you've learned! Complete the following exercises using the appropriate form of the verb in the past tense. Solutions and explanations will be provided after each exercise.
 
Exercise 1: Conjugate the following regular -ar verbs in the preterite tense:
 
1. Parlar (to speak)
2. Cantar (to sing)
3. Ballar (to dance)
 
Exercise 2: Conjugate the following regular -er and -ir verbs in the imperfect tense:
 
1. Beure (to drink)
2. Escriure (to write)
3. Partir (to leave)
 
Exercise 3: Translate the following sentences into Catalan using the appropriate form of the verb in the preterite or imperfect tense:
 
1. Last summer, we went to Barcelona and visited the Sagrada Familia. (preterite tense)
2. When I was young, I used to play soccer every day. (imperfect tense)
3. They sang a beautiful song at the concert last night. (preterite tense)
 
== Solutions ==
 
Exercise 1:
 
1. Jo vaig parlar
2. Tu vas cantar
3. Ell/Ella/Vostè va ballar
4. Nosaltres vam parlar
5. Vosaltres vau cantar
6. Els/Elles/Vostès van ballar


In addition to the irregular verbs mentioned above, Catalan has many common irregular verbs that are frequently used in conversation. Here is a list of some of the most important ones:
Exercise 2:


* Anar (to go)
1. Jo bevia
* Tenir (to have)
2. Tu bevies
* Fer (to do/make)
3. Ell/Ella/Vostè bevia
* Dir (to say/tell)
4. Nosaltres bevíem
* Veure (to see)
5. Vosaltres bevíeu
* Saber (to know)
6. Els/Elles/Vostès bevien
* Poder (to be able to)
* Voler (to want)
* Haver (to have, as an auxiliary verb)


It's important to memorize the conjugation of these verbs in both preterite and imperfect tenses to be able to communicate effectively in Catalan.
Exercise 3:


That's all for this lesson on past tense conjugation in Catalan. Keep practicing and don't be afraid to make mistakes. With time and patience, you'll become more comfortable with the language and its grammar. Join me in the next lesson where we will learn about the different types of pronouns in Catalan.
1. L'estiu passat, vam anar a Barcelona i vam visitar la Sagrada Família.
2. Quan era jove, jugava a futbol cada dia.
3. Van cantar una cançó bonica al concert d'anit.
 
Congratulations on completing the exercises! You are now one step closer to mastering the past tense in Catalan.


{{#seo:
{{#seo:
|title=Intermediate Catalan grammar: Learn the past tense conjugation of regular and irregular verbs
|title=Catalan Grammar → Intermediate Catalan grammar → Past tense conjugation
|keywords=Catalan grammar, preterite tense, imperfect tense, regular verbs, irregular verbs
|keywords=Catalan past tense, Catalan preterite tense, Catalan imperfect tense, Catalan verb conjugation, regular verbs in Catalan, irregular verbs in Catalan
|description=In this lesson, you will learn the different conjugations for the preterite and imperfect past tenses of regular and common irregular verbs in Catalan.
|description=In this lesson, you will learn how to conjugate regular verbs in the preterite and imperfect tenses in Catalan. We will also explore common irregular verbs and their conjugations. Get ready to dive into the past tense and enhance your Catalan language skills!
}}
}}
{{Catalan-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Catalan-Course]]
[[Category:0-to-A1-Course]]
[[Category:Catalan-0-to-A1-Course]]
<span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo-16k></span> <span temperature=0.7></span>
==Videos==
===Learn Catalan Language: Past Verbal Tenses - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BUQSAw14hEY</youtube>
==Sources==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_verbs Catalan verbs - Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Catalan/Verbs_regulars Catalan/Verbs regulars - Wikibooks, open books for an open world]
* [https://www.orbilat.com/Languages/Catalan/Grammar/Catalan-Verb.html Catalan: Verb]


==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
Line 142: Line 242:
* [[Language/Catalan/Grammar/Conditional-and-future-tenses|Conditional and future tenses]]
* [[Language/Catalan/Grammar/Conditional-and-future-tenses|Conditional and future tenses]]


<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_verbs Catalan verbs - Wikipedia]
* [https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Catalan/Verbs_regulars Catalan/Verbs regulars - Wikibooks, open books for an open world]
* [https://www.orbilat.com/Languages/Catalan/Grammar/Catalan-Verb.html Catalan: Verb]
==Videos==


===Learn Catalan Language: Past Verbal Tenses - YouTube===
<youtube>https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BUQSAw14hEY</youtube>


{{Catalan-Page-Bottom}}
{{Catalan-Page-Bottom}}
<span maj></span> <span gpt></span> <span model=gpt-3.5-turbo></span>
<span links></span>

Revision as of 12:09, 19 June 2023


01B356FC-D089-467C-8B1C-836911B8D8E7.png
Catalan → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Intermediate Catalan grammar → Past tense conjugation

Introduction

In this lesson, we will delve into the intricacies of past tense conjugation in Catalan. Understanding how to conjugate verbs in the preterite and imperfect tenses is crucial for expressing actions and events that happened in the past. We will also explore common irregular verbs and their conjugations. By the end of this lesson, you will be able to confidently use the past tense in your Catalan conversations.

Preterite Tense

The preterite tense, or "pretèrit indefinit" in Catalan, is used to describe completed actions or events in the past. To conjugate regular verbs in the preterite tense, we remove the infinitive ending (-ar, -er, or -ir) and add the corresponding endings. Let's take a look at the conjugation of regular verbs in the preterite tense:

Regular -ar verbs

To conjugate regular -ar verbs in the preterite tense, we use the following endings:

Catalan Pronunciation English
parlar [pəɾˈlaɾ] to speak
cantar [kənˈtaɾ] to sing
ballar [baˈʎaɾ] to dance

Example conjugation of the verb "parlar" (to speak):

Catalan Pronunciation English
jo parlí [ʒu pəɾˈli] I spoke
tu parlàs [tu pəɾˈlas] you spoke
ell/ella/vostè parlà [əʎ/əʎə/βusˈte pəɾˈla] he/she/you (formal) spoke
nosaltres parlàrem [nuˈzaɫtɾəz pəɾˈlaɾəm] we spoke
vosaltres parlàreu [βuˈzaɫtɾəz pəɾˈlaɾəw] you all spoke
ells/elles/vostès parlaran [əʎz/əʎəs/βusˈtɛs pəɾˈlaɾən] they/you all spoke

Regular -er and -ir verbs

To conjugate regular -er and -ir verbs in the preterite tense, we use the following endings:

Catalan Pronunciation English
beure [bəˈweɾ] to drink
escriure [əsˈkɾi.wɾə] to write
partir [pəɾˈti] to leave

Example conjugation of the verb "beure" (to drink):

Catalan Pronunciation English
jo beguí [ʒu bəˈɡi] I drank
tu begué [tu bəˈɡe] you drank
ell/ella/vostè begué [əʎ/əʎə/βusˈte bəˈɡe] he/she/you (formal) drank
nosaltres beguérem [nuˈzaɫtɾəz bəˈɡeɾəm] we drank
vosaltres beguéreu [βuˈzaɫtɾəz bəˈɡeɾəw] you all drank
ells/elles/vostès begueren [əʎz/əʎəs/βusˈtɛs bəˈɡeɾən] they/you all drank

Imperfect Tense

The imperfect tense, or "pretèrit imperfect" in Catalan, is used to describe ongoing or habitual actions in the past. It is also used to set the scene or provide background information. To conjugate regular verbs in the imperfect tense, we remove the infinitive ending (-ar, -er, or -ir) and add the corresponding endings. Let's take a look at the conjugation of regular verbs in the imperfect tense:

Regular -ar verbs

To conjugate regular -ar verbs in the imperfect tense, we use the following endings:

Catalan Pronunciation English
parlar [pəɾˈlaɾ] to speak
cantar [kənˈtaɾ] to sing
ballar [baˈʎaɾ] to dance

Example conjugation of the verb "parlar" (to speak):

Catalan Pronunciation English
jo parlava [ʒu pəɾˈlaβə] I used to speak
tu parlaves [tu pəɾˈlaβəs] you used to speak
ell/ella/vostè parlava [əʎ/əʎə/βusˈte pəɾˈlaβə] he/she/you (formal) used to speak
nosaltres parlàvem [nuˈzaɫtɾəz pəɾˈlaβəm] we used to speak
vosaltres parlàveu [βuˈzaɫtɾəz pəɾˈlaβəw] you all used to speak
ells/elles/vostès parlaven [əʎz/əʎəs/βusˈtɛs pəɾˈlaβən] they/you all used to speak

Regular -er and -ir verbs

To conjugate regular -er and -ir verbs in the imperfect tense, we use the following endings:

Catalan Pronunciation English
beure [bəˈweɾ] to drink
escriure [əsˈkɾi.wɾə] to write
partir [pəɾˈti] to leave

Example conjugation of the verb "beure" (to drink):

Catalan Pronunciation English
jo bevia [ʒu bəˈβiə] I used to drink
tu bevies [tu bəˈβiəs] you used to drink
ell/ella/vostè bevia [əʎ/əʎə/βusˈte bəˈβiə] he/she/you (formal) used to drink
nosaltres bevíem [nuˈzaɫtɾəz bəˈβiəm] we used to drink
vosaltres bevíeu [βuˈzaɫtɾəz bəˈβiəw] you all used to drink
ells/elles/vostès bevien [əʎz/əʎəs/βusˈtɛs bəˈβiən] they/you all used to drink

Cultural Section

In different regions of Catalonia, there may be slight variations in the usage or understanding of the past tense. For example, in some areas, the preterite tense is used more frequently to describe completed actions in the past, while in other areas, the imperfect tense is preferred for setting the scene or providing background information. These regional variations can add richness and diversity to the language.

An interesting cultural fact related to the past tense in Catalan is its connection to historical events. The preterite tense is often used when talking about significant historical events, such as the Spanish Civil War or the Catalan independence movement. By using the preterite tense, speakers can convey a sense of immediacy and highlight the importance of these events in shaping Catalan history and identity.

Practice Exercises

Now it's time to practice what you've learned! Complete the following exercises using the appropriate form of the verb in the past tense. Solutions and explanations will be provided after each exercise.

Exercise 1: Conjugate the following regular -ar verbs in the preterite tense:

1. Parlar (to speak) 2. Cantar (to sing) 3. Ballar (to dance)

Exercise 2: Conjugate the following regular -er and -ir verbs in the imperfect tense:

1. Beure (to drink) 2. Escriure (to write) 3. Partir (to leave)

Exercise 3: Translate the following sentences into Catalan using the appropriate form of the verb in the preterite or imperfect tense:

1. Last summer, we went to Barcelona and visited the Sagrada Familia. (preterite tense) 2. When I was young, I used to play soccer every day. (imperfect tense) 3. They sang a beautiful song at the concert last night. (preterite tense)

Solutions

Exercise 1:

1. Jo vaig parlar 2. Tu vas cantar 3. Ell/Ella/Vostè va ballar 4. Nosaltres vam parlar 5. Vosaltres vau cantar 6. Els/Elles/Vostès van ballar

Exercise 2:

1. Jo bevia 2. Tu bevies 3. Ell/Ella/Vostè bevia 4. Nosaltres bevíem 5. Vosaltres bevíeu 6. Els/Elles/Vostès bevien

Exercise 3:

1. L'estiu passat, vam anar a Barcelona i vam visitar la Sagrada Família. 2. Quan era jove, jugava a futbol cada dia. 3. Van cantar una cançó bonica al concert d'anit.

Congratulations on completing the exercises! You are now one step closer to mastering the past tense in Catalan.

Table of Contents - Catalan Course - 0 to A1


Introduction to Catalan


Greetings and Introductions


Articles and Nouns


Numbers and Time


Adjectives and Pronouns


Family and Relationships


Verbs and Tenses


Food and Dining


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Travel and Transportation


Catalan Culture

Videos

Learn Catalan Language: Past Verbal Tenses - YouTube


Sources


Other Lessons


Template:Catalan-Page-Bottom

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