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|[[Language/Catalan/Vocabulary/At-the-Restaurant|◀️ At the Restaurant — Previous Lesson]]
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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Catalan|Catalan]]  → [[Language/Catalan/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Catalan/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Common Prepositions</div>


__TOC__


== Introduction ==


<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Catalan|Catalan]]  → [[Language/Catalan/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Catalan/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Common Prepositions</div>
Welcome to the lesson on common prepositions in Catalan! In this lesson, we will explore the importance of prepositions in the Catalan language and how to use them effectively to add detail and clarity to your sentences. Prepositions are essential for expressing relationships between different elements in a sentence, such as location, direction, time, and manner. By understanding and using prepositions correctly, you will be able to convey your ideas more precisely and express yourself with greater fluency in Catalan.
 
Throughout this lesson, we will cover various common prepositions in Catalan, providing you with clear explanations, numerous examples, and practical exercises to reinforce your learning. We will also delve into the cultural aspects related to the usage of prepositions in different regions of Catalonia and share interesting anecdotes that will enhance your understanding of the topic. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid foundation in using common prepositions effectively in your Catalan conversations and written expressions.


__TOC__
Let's dive in and explore the fascinating world of prepositions in the Catalan language!


<h1>Common Prepositions in Catalan</h1>
== Common Prepositions ==


<p>Prepositions are essential to expressing relationships between objects or ideas in a sentence. In this lesson, you will learn common prepositions in Catalan, their uses, and how to form prepositional phrases to add detail and clarity to your sentences.</p>
Prepositions are words that establish relationships between different parts of a sentence. They typically indicate location, direction, time, manner, or the relationship between two different elements. In Catalan, prepositions play a crucial role in expressing these relationships and adding depth to your sentences.


<h2>Prepositions in Catalan</h2>
=== Prepositions of Location ===


<p>Prepositions are words that help describe the relationship between nouns, pronouns, or other grammatical elements in a sentence. In Catalan, prepositions can serve a variety of functions, including time, location, and manner. Below is a table of some common prepositions in Catalan:</p>
Prepositions of location are used to describe the position or location of an object or person in relation to something else. They help us answer questions such as "Where?" or "In what position?" Let's take a look at some common prepositions of location in Catalan:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
|-
| a || /ə/ || to, at, in
| a || [a] || at, to
|-
|-
| amb || /əm/ || with
| en || [ɛn] || in, inside
|-
|-
| de || /də/ || of, from
| sobre || [suˈβe] || on, upon, about
|-
|-
| en || /ən/ || in, on
| sota || [ˈsɔ.ta] || under, below
|-
|-
| per || /pər/ || for, by, through
| darrera || [dəˈrɛ.ɾə] || behind
|-
|-
| sense || /ˈsensə/ || without
| davant || [dəˈvan] || in front of
|-
|-
| sobre || /suˈβe/ || about, over, on
| entre || [ˈɛn.tɾə] || between, among
|}
|}


<h2>Prepositional Phrases</h2>
Let's see these prepositions in action with some examples:


<p>A prepositional phrase is a group of words that begins with a preposition and ends with a noun or pronoun (known as the object of the preposition). Prepositional phrases function as adjectives and adverbs in a sentence, adding details of time, place, and manner.</p>
* El gat està **a** la taula. (The cat is **on** the table.)
* La llibreta és **en** la motxilla. (The notebook is **in** the backpack.)
* Els llibres són **sobre** la prestatgeria. (The books are **on** the shelf.)
* La clau és **sota** el tapet. (The key is **under** the mat.)
* Jo sóc **darrera** tu. (I am **behind** you.)
* El cotxe és **davant** de la casa. (The car is **in front of** the house.)
* La botiga està **entre** el parc i l'escola. (The store is **between** the park and the school.)


<p>Below are examples of prepositional phrases in Catalan:</p>
Remember that prepositions can sometimes be used figuratively or idiomatically in certain contexts, so it's important to familiarize yourself with their various meanings and usages.


<ul>
=== Prepositions of Direction ===
<li><b>a la platja</b> - at the beach</li>
<li><b>amb mi</b> - with me</li>
<li><b>de la meva mare</b> - from my mother</li>
<li><b>en un cotxe</b> - in a car</li>
<li><b>per la ciutat</b> - through the city</li>
<li><b>sense problemes</b> - without problems</li>
<li><b>sobre la taula</b> - on the table</li>
</ul>


<h2>Common Prepositional Uses</h2>
Prepositions of direction indicate the movement or direction of an action or object. They help us answer questions such as "Where to?" or "Where from?" Let's explore some common prepositions of direction in Catalan:


<p>Prepositions in Catalan can be used to describe various types of relationships, such as time, place, and manner. Below are some common uses of prepositions in Catalan:</p>
{| class="wikitable"
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
|-
| cap a || [ˈkap ˈa] || towards
|-
| des de || [dɛz ˈdɛ] || from, since
|-
| fins a || [fins ˈa] || until, up to
|-
| per || [pɛɾ] || through, by
|-
| sense || [ˈsɛn.sə] || without
|}


<h3>Time</h3>
Here are a few examples of prepositions of direction in action:


<p>Prepositions in Catalan can be used to indicate specific times or duration.</p>
* Caminem **cap a** la platja. (We are walking **towards** the beach.)
* Vaig venir **des de** casa. (I came **from** home.)
* Correm **fins a** la meta. (We run **until** the finish line.)
* Passem **per** la muntanya. (We are passing **through** the mountain.)
* Vaig anar-hi **sense** ell. (I went there **without** him.)


<ul>
These prepositions of direction are essential for expressing movement or indicating the origin or destination of an action.
<li><b>a</b> - at</li>
<ul>
<li><i>A les tres de la tarda</i> - At three o'clock in the afternoon</li>
</ul>


<li><b>abans de</b> - before</li>
=== Prepositions of Time ===
<ul>
<li><i>Vull dinar <b>abans</b> de les dues</i> - I want to eat <b>before</b> two o'clock</li>
</ul>


<li><b>després de</b> - after</li>
Prepositions of time are used to indicate the time or duration of an action or event. They help us answer questions such as "When?" or "For how long?" Let's explore some common prepositions of time in Catalan:
<ul>
<li><i>L'explosió va passar <b>després</b> de la mitjanit</i> - The explosion happened <b>after</b> midnight</li>
</ul>


<li><b>durant</b> - during</li>
{| class="wikitable"
<ul>
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
<li><i>Vaig fer exercici <b>durant</b> una hora</i> - I exercised for <b>an hour</b></li>
|-
</ul>
| a les || [a ləs] || at, on
|-
| abans de || [əˈbans də] || before
|-
| després de || [dəsˈpɾɛs də] || after
|-
| durant || [duˈɾant] || during
|-
| fins a || [fins ˈa] || until
|-
| per || [pɛɾ] || for
|-
| cada || [ˈka.ðə] || every
|}


<li><b>fins a</b> - until</li>
Here are a few examples of prepositions of time in action:
<ul>
<li><i>He de treballar <b>fins a</b> les vuit del vespre</i> - I have to work <b>until</b> eight in the evening</li>
</ul>


<li><b>per</b> - for</li>
* Ens veiem **a les** sis. (We'll see each other **at** six.)
<ul>
* L'esdeveniment comença **abans de** la nit. (The event starts **before** the night.)
<li><i>Hem estat aquí <b>per</b> una setmana</i> - We've been here <b>for</b> a week</li>
* Anirem a sopar **després de** la pel·lícula. (We will go out for dinner **after** the movie.)
</ul>
* Treballarem **durant** dues hores. (We will work **during** two hours.)
* El parc tanca **fins a** les deu de la nit. (The park closes **until** ten o'clock at night.)
* Vaig estudiar **per** tres hores ahir. (I studied **for** three hours yesterday.)
* Hi ha una festa **cada** dissabte. (There is a party **every** Saturday.)


<h3>Place</h3>
These prepositions of time are crucial for expressing specific moments, durations, or recurring events.


<p>Prepositions in Catalan can also be used to indicate location, direction, or destination.</p>
=== Prepositions of Manner ===


<ul>
Prepositions of manner describe the way or manner in which an action is performed. They help us answer questions such as "How?" or "In what way?" Let's explore some common prepositions of manner in Catalan:
<li><b>a</b> - at, in</li>
<ul>
<li><i>Vull viure <b>a</b> la ciutat</i> - I want to live <b>in</b> the city</li>
</ul>


<li><b>davant de</b> - in front of</li>
{| class="wikitable"
<ul>
! Catalan !! Pronunciation !! English Translation
<li><i>El gos està assegut <b>davant</b> de la porta</i> - The dog is sitting <b>in front of</b> the door</li>
|-
</ul>
| amb || [ˈamb] || with
|-
| sense || [ˈsɛn.sə] || without
|-
| de || [də] || of, by
|-
| com || [ˈkɔm] || like, as
|}


<li><b>darrere de</b> - behind</li>
Here are a few examples of prepositions of manner in action:
<ul>
<li><i>El nen hi és amagat <b>darrere</b> de la cortina</i> - The child is hiding <b>behind</b> the curtain</li>
</ul>


<li><b>en</b> - in, on</li>
* Parla **amb** calma. (Speak **calmly**.)
<ul>
* Vaig anar-hi **sense** problemes. (I went there **without** any problems.)
<li><i>El llibre és <b>en</b> la taula</i> - The book is <b>on</b> the table</li>
* És un llibre **de** poesia. (It's a book **of** poetry.)
</ul>
* Canta **com** un ocell. (She sings **like** a bird.)


<li><b>sobre</b> - on, about</li>
These prepositions of manner are crucial for describing the way or manner in which an action is performed.
<ul>
<li><i>Hi ha moltes llibreries <b>sobre</b> la història de Catalunya</i> - There are many books <b>about</b> Catalonia's history</li>
</ul>


<li><b>sota</b> - under</li>
== Cultural Insights ==
<ul>
<li><i>El gat està dormint <b>sota</b> el sofà</i> - The cat is sleeping <b>under</b> the sofa</li>
</ul>


<li><b>per</b> - through</li>
The usage of prepositions can vary across different regions of Catalonia, and there are sometimes slight differences in how prepositions are used or understood. For example, in some regions, the preposition "en" may be used interchangeably with "a" to indicate location, while in other regions, "en" is used exclusively for "in" or "inside." These regional variations add richness and diversity to the Catalan language.
<ul>
<li><i>Vam passar <b>per</b> un parc abans d'arribar al museu</i> - We walked <b>through</b> a park before arriving at the museum</li>
</ul>
</ul>


<h3>Manner</h3>
Additionally, prepositions are often used idiomatically in Catalan, and understanding these idiomatic expressions can greatly enhance your language skills. For example, the expression "per sort" literally translates to "by luck," but it is commonly used to mean "fortunately." Learning these idiomatic expressions will help you communicate more naturally and fluently in Catalan.


<p>Prepositions in Catalan can also describe how an action was performed or the manner in which something is done.</p>
== Exercises ==


<ul>
Now it's time to practice what you've learned! Complete the following exercises to reinforce your understanding of common prepositions in Catalan.
<li><b>amb</b> - with</li>
<ul>
<li><i>Vull menjar <b>amb</b> cullereta</i> - I want to eat <b>with</b> a spoon</li>
</ul>


<li><b>per</b> - by, through</li>
Exercise 1: Choose the Correct Preposition
<ul>
Choose the correct preposition to complete each sentence.
<li><i>Vaig arribar a l'aeroport <b>per</b> taxi</i> - I got to the airport <b>by</b> taxi</li>
</ul>


<li><b>sense</b> - without</li>
1. El gos està ___ jardí. (The dog is in the garden.)
<ul>
a) a
<li><i>No puc veure a la foscor <b>sense</b> llums</i> - I can't see in the dark <b>without</b> lights</li>
b) en
</ul>
c) sobre
</ul>
d) sota


<h2>Practice</h2>
2. Vaig venir ___ cotxe. (I came by car.)
a) cap a
b) des de
c) fins a
d) per


<p>Use the common prepositions you've learned to describe the following:</p>
3. Anirem a la platja ___ l'estiu. (We will go to the beach in summer.)
a) a les
b) abans de
c) durant
d) com


<ol>
Exercise 2: Translate the Sentence
<li>Where do you live?</li>
Translate the following sentence into Catalan.
<li>What did you eat <b>for</b> breakfast?</li>
<li>What did you do <b>after</b> work?</li>
<li>Where are you <b>from</b>?</li>
<li>What do you see <b>on</b> the table?</li>
<li>How did you get to school?</li>
</ol>


<h2>Conclusion</h2>
"I will meet you at the restaurant."


<p>Prepositions are a crucial part of grammar, helping to provide meaning and detail to sentences. By learning common prepositions in Catalan, you can better express relationships between objects or ideas in your speech and writing.</p>
Exercise 3: Idiomatic Expressions
Translate the following idiomatic expressions into English.
 
1. "Per sort."
2. "Amb gust."
 
== Solutions ==
 
Exercise 1: Choose the Correct Preposition
1. b) en
2. d) per
3. c) durant
 
Exercise 2: Translate the Sentence
"Et trobaré al restaurant."
 
Exercise 3: Idiomatic Expressions
1. "Fortunately."
2. "With pleasure."
 
== Conclusion ==
 
Congratulations on completing the lesson on common prepositions in Catalan! Throughout this lesson, you have learned about the importance of prepositions in expressing relationships between different elements in a sentence. You have explored various prepositions of location, direction, time, and manner, and practiced using them in context through exercises.
 
Remember to continue practicing and incorporating these prepositions into your daily conversations and written expressions to solidify your understanding and fluency in Catalan. As you progress in your language learning journey, you will encounter more complex uses of prepositions, and building a strong foundation now will greatly benefit your future language skills.
 
Keep up the great work, and see you in the next lesson!


{{#seo:
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|title=Catalan Grammar → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Common Prepositions
|keywords=Catalan prepositions, Catalan grammar, prepositional phrases, prepositions
|keywords=Catalan, prepositions, common prepositions, Catalan grammar, prepositional phrases
|description=Learn common prepositions in Catalan, their uses, and how to form prepositional phrases to add detail and clarity to your sentences in this beginner course.
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about common prepositions in Catalan, their uses, and how to form prepositional phrases to add detail and clarity to your sentences. Explore the cultural aspects related to the usage of prepositions in different regions of Catalonia.
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==Sources==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_grammar Catalan grammar - Wikipedia]
* [http://ilovelanguages.org/catalan_lesson4.php Catalan Lesson 4 - Prepositions and Directions]
* [https://ielanguages.com/catalan2.html Catalan II Tutorial: Basic Phrases, Vocabulary and Grammar]


==Related Lessons==
 
 
==Other Lessons==
* [[Language/Catalan/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Catalan/Grammar/Questions|Questions]]
* [[Language/Catalan/Grammar/Ordinal-Numbers-in-Catalan|Ordinal Numbers in Catalan]]
* [[Language/Catalan/Grammar/Ordinal-Numbers-in-Catalan|Ordinal Numbers in Catalan]]
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<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catalan_grammar Catalan grammar - Wikipedia]
* [http://ilovelanguages.org/catalan_lesson4.php Catalan Lesson 4 - Prepositions and Directions]
* [https://ielanguages.com/catalan2.html Catalan II Tutorial: Basic Phrases, Vocabulary and Grammar]


{{Catalan-Page-Bottom}}
{{Catalan-Page-Bottom}}
<span pgnav>
{| class="wikitable pg_template_nav"
|[[Language/Catalan/Vocabulary/At-the-Restaurant|◀️ At the Restaurant — Previous Lesson]]
|[[Language/Catalan/Grammar/Coordinating-Conjunctions|Next Lesson — Coordinating Conjunctions ▶️]]
|}
</span>

Latest revision as of 09:16, 19 June 2023

◀️ At the Restaurant — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Coordinating Conjunctions ▶️

01B356FC-D089-467C-8B1C-836911B8D8E7.png
Catalan → Grammar → 0 to A1 Course → Prepositions and Conjunctions → Common Prepositions

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Welcome to the lesson on common prepositions in Catalan! In this lesson, we will explore the importance of prepositions in the Catalan language and how to use them effectively to add detail and clarity to your sentences. Prepositions are essential for expressing relationships between different elements in a sentence, such as location, direction, time, and manner. By understanding and using prepositions correctly, you will be able to convey your ideas more precisely and express yourself with greater fluency in Catalan.

Throughout this lesson, we will cover various common prepositions in Catalan, providing you with clear explanations, numerous examples, and practical exercises to reinforce your learning. We will also delve into the cultural aspects related to the usage of prepositions in different regions of Catalonia and share interesting anecdotes that will enhance your understanding of the topic. By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid foundation in using common prepositions effectively in your Catalan conversations and written expressions.

Let's dive in and explore the fascinating world of prepositions in the Catalan language!

Common Prepositions[edit | edit source]

Prepositions are words that establish relationships between different parts of a sentence. They typically indicate location, direction, time, manner, or the relationship between two different elements. In Catalan, prepositions play a crucial role in expressing these relationships and adding depth to your sentences.

Prepositions of Location[edit | edit source]

Prepositions of location are used to describe the position or location of an object or person in relation to something else. They help us answer questions such as "Where?" or "In what position?" Let's take a look at some common prepositions of location in Catalan:

Catalan Pronunciation English Translation
a [a] at, to
en [ɛn] in, inside
sobre [suˈβe] on, upon, about
sota [ˈsɔ.ta] under, below
darrera [dəˈrɛ.ɾə] behind
davant [dəˈvan] in front of
entre [ˈɛn.tɾə] between, among

Let's see these prepositions in action with some examples:

  • El gat està **a** la taula. (The cat is **on** the table.)
  • La llibreta és **en** la motxilla. (The notebook is **in** the backpack.)
  • Els llibres són **sobre** la prestatgeria. (The books are **on** the shelf.)
  • La clau és **sota** el tapet. (The key is **under** the mat.)
  • Jo sóc **darrera** tu. (I am **behind** you.)
  • El cotxe és **davant** de la casa. (The car is **in front of** the house.)
  • La botiga està **entre** el parc i l'escola. (The store is **between** the park and the school.)

Remember that prepositions can sometimes be used figuratively or idiomatically in certain contexts, so it's important to familiarize yourself with their various meanings and usages.

Prepositions of Direction[edit | edit source]

Prepositions of direction indicate the movement or direction of an action or object. They help us answer questions such as "Where to?" or "Where from?" Let's explore some common prepositions of direction in Catalan:

Catalan Pronunciation English Translation
cap a [ˈkap ˈa] towards
des de [dɛz ˈdɛ] from, since
fins a [fins ˈa] until, up to
per [pɛɾ] through, by
sense [ˈsɛn.sə] without

Here are a few examples of prepositions of direction in action:

  • Caminem **cap a** la platja. (We are walking **towards** the beach.)
  • Vaig venir **des de** casa. (I came **from** home.)
  • Correm **fins a** la meta. (We run **until** the finish line.)
  • Passem **per** la muntanya. (We are passing **through** the mountain.)
  • Vaig anar-hi **sense** ell. (I went there **without** him.)

These prepositions of direction are essential for expressing movement or indicating the origin or destination of an action.

Prepositions of Time[edit | edit source]

Prepositions of time are used to indicate the time or duration of an action or event. They help us answer questions such as "When?" or "For how long?" Let's explore some common prepositions of time in Catalan:

Catalan Pronunciation English Translation
a les [a ləs] at, on
abans de [əˈbans də] before
després de [dəsˈpɾɛs də] after
durant [duˈɾant] during
fins a [fins ˈa] until
per [pɛɾ] for
cada [ˈka.ðə] every

Here are a few examples of prepositions of time in action:

  • Ens veiem **a les** sis. (We'll see each other **at** six.)
  • L'esdeveniment comença **abans de** la nit. (The event starts **before** the night.)
  • Anirem a sopar **després de** la pel·lícula. (We will go out for dinner **after** the movie.)
  • Treballarem **durant** dues hores. (We will work **during** two hours.)
  • El parc tanca **fins a** les deu de la nit. (The park closes **until** ten o'clock at night.)
  • Vaig estudiar **per** tres hores ahir. (I studied **for** three hours yesterday.)
  • Hi ha una festa **cada** dissabte. (There is a party **every** Saturday.)

These prepositions of time are crucial for expressing specific moments, durations, or recurring events.

Prepositions of Manner[edit | edit source]

Prepositions of manner describe the way or manner in which an action is performed. They help us answer questions such as "How?" or "In what way?" Let's explore some common prepositions of manner in Catalan:

Catalan Pronunciation English Translation
amb [ˈamb] with
sense [ˈsɛn.sə] without
de [də] of, by
com [ˈkɔm] like, as

Here are a few examples of prepositions of manner in action:

  • Parla **amb** calma. (Speak **calmly**.)
  • Vaig anar-hi **sense** problemes. (I went there **without** any problems.)
  • És un llibre **de** poesia. (It's a book **of** poetry.)
  • Canta **com** un ocell. (She sings **like** a bird.)

These prepositions of manner are crucial for describing the way or manner in which an action is performed.

Cultural Insights[edit | edit source]

The usage of prepositions can vary across different regions of Catalonia, and there are sometimes slight differences in how prepositions are used or understood. For example, in some regions, the preposition "en" may be used interchangeably with "a" to indicate location, while in other regions, "en" is used exclusively for "in" or "inside." These regional variations add richness and diversity to the Catalan language.

Additionally, prepositions are often used idiomatically in Catalan, and understanding these idiomatic expressions can greatly enhance your language skills. For example, the expression "per sort" literally translates to "by luck," but it is commonly used to mean "fortunately." Learning these idiomatic expressions will help you communicate more naturally and fluently in Catalan.

Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now it's time to practice what you've learned! Complete the following exercises to reinforce your understanding of common prepositions in Catalan.

Exercise 1: Choose the Correct Preposition Choose the correct preposition to complete each sentence.

1. El gos està ___ jardí. (The dog is in the garden.) a) a b) en c) sobre d) sota

2. Vaig venir ___ cotxe. (I came by car.) a) cap a b) des de c) fins a d) per

3. Anirem a la platja ___ l'estiu. (We will go to the beach in summer.) a) a les b) abans de c) durant d) com

Exercise 2: Translate the Sentence Translate the following sentence into Catalan.

"I will meet you at the restaurant."

Exercise 3: Idiomatic Expressions Translate the following idiomatic expressions into English.

1. "Per sort." 2. "Amb gust."

Solutions[edit | edit source]

Exercise 1: Choose the Correct Preposition 1. b) en 2. d) per 3. c) durant

Exercise 2: Translate the Sentence "Et trobaré al restaurant."

Exercise 3: Idiomatic Expressions 1. "Fortunately." 2. "With pleasure."

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations on completing the lesson on common prepositions in Catalan! Throughout this lesson, you have learned about the importance of prepositions in expressing relationships between different elements in a sentence. You have explored various prepositions of location, direction, time, and manner, and practiced using them in context through exercises.

Remember to continue practicing and incorporating these prepositions into your daily conversations and written expressions to solidify your understanding and fluency in Catalan. As you progress in your language learning journey, you will encounter more complex uses of prepositions, and building a strong foundation now will greatly benefit your future language skills.

Keep up the great work, and see you in the next lesson!

Table of Contents - Catalan Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Introduction to Catalan


Greetings and Introductions


Articles and Nouns


Numbers and Time


Adjectives and Pronouns


Family and Relationships


Verbs and Tenses


Food and Dining


Prepositions and Conjunctions


Travel and Transportation


Catalan Culture


Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]


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◀️ At the Restaurant — Previous Lesson Next Lesson — Coordinating Conjunctions ▶️

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