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<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Hungarian|Hungarian]]  → [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar|Grammar]] → [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]] → Introduction to Hungarian grammar → Pronouns and possessives</div>


<div class="pg_page_title">[[Language/Hungarian|Hungarian]]  → [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar|Grammar]] → Pronouns and possessives</div>
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== Introduction ==
 
Welcome to the lesson on pronouns and possessives in Hungarian! In this lesson, we will explore the different pronouns and possessives used in the Hungarian language. Pronouns are words that replace nouns, while possessives indicate ownership or possession. Understanding how to use these in sentences is crucial for effective communication in Hungarian.


As a Hungarian language teacher with 20 years of experience, I can guarantee you that mastering pronouns and possessives is a crucial part of learning Hungarian. In this lesson, we will dive into the different types of pronouns and possessives in Hungarian and how to use them in sentences.
Throughout this lesson, we will delve into the details of pronouns and possessives, providing numerous examples to illustrate each point. We will also explore any regional variations in their usage and historical reasons for these differences. Additionally, we will share interesting cultural facts and anecdotes that relate to the topic, making the learning experience informative and engaging.


By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of pronouns and possessives in Hungarian and will be able to confidently use them in your own sentences. So let's get started!


<span link>Once you've mastered this lesson, take a look at these related pages: [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/Common-Prepositions|Common Prepositions]] & [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/0-to-A1-Course|0 to A1 Course]].</span>
== Pronouns ==
== Pronouns ==


Pronouns are used to replace nouns in a sentence. In Hungarian, there are several types of pronouns:
Pronouns play an essential role in Hungarian grammar as they replace nouns to avoid repetition and add clarity to sentences. Understanding the different types of pronouns and their usage is crucial for effective communication. In this section, we will explore the various categories of pronouns in the Hungarian language.


=== Personal pronouns ===
=== Personal Pronouns ===


Personal pronouns replace a person or animal noun in a sentence. In Hungarian, there are seven personal pronouns:
Personal pronouns are used to refer to specific people or objects. In Hungarian, personal pronouns have different forms depending on their grammatical case, number, and person. Let's take a look at the personal pronouns in Hungarian:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Én || ['e:n] || I  
| Én || [eːn] || I
|-
| Te || [tɛ] || You (singular)
|-
|-
| Te || [] || You (informal)
| Ő || [øː] || He/She/It
|-
|-
| Ön || [øn] || You (formal)
| Mi || [mi] || We
|-
|-
| Ő || [ø:] || He/She/It
| Ti || [ti] || You (plural)
|-
| Ők || [øːk] || They
|}
 
As you can see, personal pronouns in Hungarian have distinct forms depending on the subject of the sentence. It is important to note that the pronoun "Ő" can refer to both he, she, or it, depending on the context. Let's see some examples:
 
* Én szeretem a könyveket. (I love books.)
* Te magyar vagy? (Are you Hungarian?)
* Ő a tanár. (He/She is the teacher.)
* Mi Budapesten élünk. (We live in Budapest.)
* Ti jó barátok vagytok. (You are good friends.)
* Ők szeretik az állatokat. (They love animals.)
 
=== Demonstrative Pronouns ===
 
Demonstrative pronouns are used to point out specific people or objects. In Hungarian, there are three main demonstrative pronouns: "ez" (this), "az" (that), and "amaz" (that over there). These pronouns also change their form based on case, number, and gender. Let's see the different forms of demonstrative pronouns in Hungarian:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Mi || [mi] || We
| ez || [ɛz] || this
|-
|-
| Ti || [ti] || You (plural)
| az || [ɑz] || that
|-
|-
| Ők || [ø:k] || They
| amaz || [ɑmɑz] || that over there
|}
|}


Example sentences with personal pronouns:
Here are some examples of demonstrative pronouns in sentences:


* Szeretem őt. (I love him/her.)
* Ez az autó új. (This car is new.)
* Holnap találkozom veled. (I will meet you tomorrow.)
* Az asztal barna. (That table is brown.)
* Az Ön neve? (What is your name?)
* Amaz könyvek drágák. (Those books over there are expensive.)
* Ő a kutyám. (He/She/It is my dog.)
* Mi tanulunk magyarul. (We are learning Hungarian.)
* Ti hova mésztek? (Where are you guys going?)
* Ők dolgoznak a projektünkön. (They are working on our project.)


=== Demonstrative pronouns ===
=== Interrogative Pronouns ===


Demonstrative pronouns are used to replace a noun and indicate its position in relation to the speaker. In Hungarian, there are three demonstrative pronouns:
Interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions about people or objects. In Hungarian, there are several interrogative pronouns, each serving a specific purpose. Let's take a look at some of the most commonly used interrogative pronouns:


* Ez - "this" (for objects or people that are close to the speaker)
* Ki? - Who?
* Az - "that" (for objects or people that are far from the speaker)
* Mit? - What?
* A - "that" (for objects or people that are emphasized)
* Melyik? - Which?
* Hány? - How many?
* Miért? - Why?
* Hogyan? - How?


Example sentences with demonstrative pronouns:
Here are some examples of interrogative pronouns in sentences:


* Ez a könyv nagyon jó. (This book is very good.)
* Ki az új diák? (Who is the new student?)
* Az a ház nagyon nagy. (That house is very big.)
* Mit csinálsz? (What are you doing?)
* A boltban voltam. (I was in THAT store.)
* Melyik könyvet választod? (Which book are you choosing?)
* Hány éves vagy? (How old are you?)
* Miért szereted a zenét? (Why do you love music?)
* Hogyan jutok el a boltba? (How do I get to the store?)


=== Interrogative pronouns ===
=== Reflexive Pronouns ===


Interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions. In Hungarian, there are three interrogative pronouns:
Reflexive pronouns are used to indicate that the subject is also the object of the sentence. In Hungarian, reflexive pronouns are formed by adding the suffix "-sa" or "-sé" to the possessive pronoun. Here are the reflexive pronouns in Hungarian:


* Ki - "who"
{| class="wikitable"
* Mi - "what"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
* Hogy - "how"
|-
| magam  || [mɑgɑm] || myself
|-
| magad || [mɑgɑd] || yourself
|-
| maga || [mɑgɑ] || himself/herself/itself
|-
| magunk || [mɑguŋk] || ourselves
|-
| magatok || [mɑgɑtok] || yourselves
|-
| maguk || [mɑguk] || themselves
|}


Example sentences with interrogative pronouns:
Here are some examples of reflexive pronouns in sentences:


* Ki az a nő? (Who is that woman?)
* Mosakodom. (I am washing myself.)
* Mit csinálsz? (What are you doing?)
* Fogat mosol. (You are brushing your teeth.)
* Hogy vagy? (How are you?)
* A macska mosakszik. (The cat is washing itself.)
* Megmosakodunk. (We are washing ourselves.)
* Megmosakodtok. (You are washing yourselves.)
* A kutyák mosakszanak. (The dogs are washing themselves.)


=== Indefinite pronouns ===
=== Indefinite Pronouns ===


Indefinite pronouns are used to refer to nonspecific people or things. In Hungarian, there are several indefinite pronouns:
Indefinite pronouns are used to refer to nonspecific people or objects. In Hungarian, there are several indefinite pronouns, each serving a different purpose. Let's take a look at some of the most commonly used indefinite pronouns:


* Valaki - "someone"
* valaki - someone
* Valami - "something"
* senki - no one
* Mindenki - "everyone"
* mindenki - everyone
* Minden - "everything"
* valami - something
* semmi - nothing
* minden - everything


Example sentences with indefinite pronouns:
Here are some examples of indefinite pronouns in sentences:


* Valaki várt rám az ajtónál. (Someone was waiting for me at the door.)
* Valaki kopog az ajtón. (Someone is knocking on the door.)
* Valami nagyon büdös van itt. (Something smells really bad here.)
* Senki nem tudja a választ. (No one knows the answer.)
* Mindenki szereti a sültkrumplit. (Everyone loves French fries.)
* Mindenki szereti a süteményt. (Everyone likes the cake.)
* Minden érdekel engem. (Everything interests me.)
* Valami furcsát érzek. (I feel something strange.)
* Semmit nem csinálok ma. (I am not doing anything today.)
* Mindent megteszek érted. (I will do everything for you.)


== Possessives ==
== Possessives ==


Possessives indicate ownership of something. In Hungarian, possessives are formed by adding a suffix to the noun.
Possessives indicate ownership or possession in a sentence. In Hungarian, possessives are formed by adding suffixes to the noun. The suffixes change depending on the case, number, and definiteness of the noun. Let's explore the different possessive forms in Hungarian.
 
=== Singular Possessives ===
 
In Hungarian, singular possessives have different forms depending on the noun's gender and definiteness. Let's take a look at the different forms of singular possessives:


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Az én ...-em/-öm || ['ɒz 'e:n ...'ɛm] || My ...
| a kutya (the dog) || a kutya || the dog's
|-
|-
| A te ...-ed/-öd || [ɒ tɛ ...'ɛd] || Your ... (informal)
| a macska (the cat) || a macska || the cat's
|}
 
Here are some examples of singular possessives in sentences:
 
* A kutya farka. (The dog's tail.)
* A macska eteti a kiscicát. (The cat feeds the kitten.)
 
=== Plural Possessives ===
 
Plural possessives in Hungarian are formed by adding suffixes to the noun, similar to singular possessives. The suffixes change depending on the noun's gender and definiteness. Let's see the different forms of plural possessives:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
| a kutyák (the dogs) || a kutyák || the dogs'
|-
| a macskák (the cats) || a macskák || the cats'
|}
 
Here are some examples of plural possessives in sentences:
 
* A kutyák labdája. (The dogs' ball.)
* A macskák játéka. (The cats' toy.)
 
=== Possessive Pronouns ===
 
Possessive pronouns are used to indicate ownership without the need for a separate noun. In Hungarian, possessive pronouns have different forms depending on the case, number, and definiteness. Let's take a look at the possessive pronouns in Hungarian:
 
{| class="wikitable"
! Hungarian !! Pronunciation !! English
|-
|-
| Az ön ...-e/-a || [ɒz øn ...'ɛ] || Your ... (formal)
| az én (mine) || ɑz eːn || mine
|-
|-
| Az ő ...-e/-a/-ja || [ɒz ø: ...'ɛ/jɒ] || His/Her/Its ...
| a te (yours) || ɑ tɛ || yours
|-
|-
| A mi ...-nk || [ɒ mi ...'ŋk] || Our ...
| az ő (his/hers/its) || ɑz øː || his/hers/its
|-
|-
| A ti ...-tok/-tök || [ɒ ti ...'tok] || Your ... (plural)
| a mi (ours) || ɑ mi || ours
|-
|-
| Az önök ...-eik/-aik || [ɒz ønøk ...'ɛik] || Their ... (formal)
| a ti (yours) || ɑ ti || yours
|-
|-
| Az ők ...-eik/-aik/-jaik || [ɒz ø:k ...'ɛik/jɒik] || Their ... (informal)
| az ők (theirs) || ɑz øːk || theirs
|}
|}


Example sentences with possessives:
Here are some examples of possessive pronouns in sentences:
 
* Ez az én könyvem. (This is my book.)
* A te autód gyors. (Your car is fast.)
* Az ő háza nagy. (His/Her/Its house is big.)
* Ez a mi kertünk. (This is our garden.)
* A ti kutyátok aranyos. (Your dog is cute.)
* Az ők macskájuk fekete. (Their cat is black.)
 
== Cultural Section ==
 
Hungarian culture is rich and diverse, and pronouns and possessives play a significant role in everyday conversations. It is interesting to note that Hungarian has a formal and informal way of addressing people, similar to many other languages. The informal pronoun "te" is used when addressing friends, family members, or people of the same age or lower social status. On the other hand, the formal pronoun "ön" is used to show respect or when addressing someone older or of higher social status.
 
In Hungarian culture, it is common to address strangers or people you meet for the first time using the formal pronoun "ön" until you establish a closer relationship. This demonstrates politeness and respect for the other person. However, once a closer relationship is formed, it is common to switch to the informal pronoun "te" to express familiarity and friendship.
 
Hungarian possessives are also used to indicate family relationships. For example, when referring to family members, possessives are often used to indicate the relationship. For instance, "anyukám" means "my mom," and "apád" means "your dad." This usage of possessives adds warmth and intimacy to conversations and reflects the importance of family bonds in Hungarian culture.
 
== Exercises ==
 
Now it's time to practice what you have learned! Complete the following exercises to reinforce your understanding of pronouns and possessives in Hungarian.
 
Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate pronoun or possessive pronoun.
 
1. ____ szeretem a zenét.
2. ____ vagy a legjobb barátom.
3. ____ a kutyája nagyon aranyos.
4. ____ tanulok magyarul.
5. ____ könyvet ajánlasz?
6. ____ szeretek a természetben sétálni.
 
Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences using possessive pronouns instead of possessive nouns.
 
1. A házam piros.
2. A könyvek az asztalodon vannak.
3. A macskája nagy.
4. A gyerekek játékai a szobában vannak.
 
Exercise 3: Translate the following sentences into Hungarian.
 
1. This is my car.
2. Are these your shoes?
3. His hat is black.
4. Our house is big.
5. Their dogs are friendly.
 
== Solutions ==
 
Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate pronoun or possessive pronoun.
 
1. Én szeretem a zenét.
2. Te vagy a legjobb barátom.
3. Ő a kutyája nagyon aranyos.
4. Én tanulok magyarul.
5. Mit könyvet ajánlasz?
6. Én szeretek a természetben sétálni.
 
Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences using possessive pronouns instead of possessive nouns.
 
1. Az enyém piros.
2. A tiéd az asztalodon vannak.
3. Az övé nagy.
4. A mieink a szobában vannak.
 
Exercise 3: Translate the following sentences into Hungarian.
 
1. Ez az én autóm.
2. A ti cipőitek ezek?
3. Az ő kalapja fekete.
4. A mi házunk nagy.
5. Az ő kutyáik barátságosak.
 
== Conclusion ==
 
Congratulations! You have successfully completed the lesson on pronouns and possessives in Hungarian. You have learned about personal pronouns, demonstrative pronouns, interrogative pronouns, reflexive pronouns, indefinite pronouns, singular possessives, plural possessives, and possessive pronouns. You have also explored some cultural aspects related to pronouns and possessives in Hungarian conversations.
 
Continue practicing and using pronouns and possessives in your everyday conversations to strengthen your understanding and fluency in Hungarian. Remember to pay attention to the different forms and endings of pronouns and possessives based on gender, number, and case.
 
In the next lesson, we will dive into the world of Hungarian vocabulary, focusing on greetings, courtesies, and common expressions. Join us as we explore essential words and phrases for polite and friendly interactions in Hungarian culture.
 
{{#seo:
|title=Hungarian Grammar: Pronouns and Possessives | Learn Hungarian
|keywords=Hungarian grammar, Hungarian pronouns, Hungarian possessives, Hungarian language, Hungarian course
|description=In this lesson, you will learn about pronouns and possessives in Hungarian. Explore the different types of pronouns and possessives, their usage, and cultural aspects related to their use. Practice with exercises and reinforce your understanding. Join us on this journey to learn Hungarian!
}}
 
{{Hungarian-0-to-A1-Course-TOC}}
 
[[Category:Course]]
[[Category:Hungarian-Course]]
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* Az én könyvem nagyon érdekes. (My book is very interesting.)
* A te autód nagyon gyors. (Your car is very fast.)
* Az ön neve? (What is your name?)
* Az ő háza nagyon szép. (His/Her/Its house is very beautiful.)
* A mi kutyánk aranyos. (Our dog is cute.)
* A ti gyerekeitek nagyon aranyosak. (Your kids are very cute.)
* Az önök cégének nagyon jó a hírneve. (Your company has a very good reputation.)
* Az ők laptopjaik nagyon prémium kategóriásak. (Their laptops are very high-end.)


That's it for this lesson! I hope you gained a better understanding of Hungarian pronouns and possessives. Keep practicing, and soon you'll be speaking Hungarian like a native!


<span class='maj'></span>
==Sources==
==Sources==
* [http://www.hungarianreference.com/Possession/Possessive-pronouns.aspx Hungarian possessive pronouns - Grammar]
* [http://www.hungarianreference.com/Possession/Possessive-pronouns.aspx Hungarian possessive pronouns - Grammar]
Line 134: Line 296:
* [https://www.personal.psu.edu/adr10/hu8.html Hungarian: Lesson Eight: Possession]
* [https://www.personal.psu.edu/adr10/hu8.html Hungarian: Lesson Eight: Possession]


{{#seo:
 
|title=Hungarian Grammar: Introduction to Hungarian grammar: Pronouns and possessives
|keywords=Hungarian grammar, pronouns, possessives, language learning, complete Hungarian course, beginner Hungarian
|description=Get familiar with the different types of pronouns and possessives in Hungarian and how to use them in sentences. Examples included.}}


==Other Lessons==
==Other Lessons==
Line 150: Line 309:
* [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/Definite-and-indefinite-articles|Definite and indefinite articles]]
* [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/Definite-and-indefinite-articles|Definite and indefinite articles]]
* [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]
* [[Language/Hungarian/Grammar/Adjectives|Adjectives]]


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Latest revision as of 01:08, 18 June 2023


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HungarianGrammar0 to A1 Course → Introduction to Hungarian grammar → Pronouns and possessives

Introduction[edit | edit source]

Welcome to the lesson on pronouns and possessives in Hungarian! In this lesson, we will explore the different pronouns and possessives used in the Hungarian language. Pronouns are words that replace nouns, while possessives indicate ownership or possession. Understanding how to use these in sentences is crucial for effective communication in Hungarian.

Throughout this lesson, we will delve into the details of pronouns and possessives, providing numerous examples to illustrate each point. We will also explore any regional variations in their usage and historical reasons for these differences. Additionally, we will share interesting cultural facts and anecdotes that relate to the topic, making the learning experience informative and engaging.

By the end of this lesson, you will have a solid understanding of pronouns and possessives in Hungarian and will be able to confidently use them in your own sentences. So let's get started!

Pronouns[edit | edit source]

Pronouns play an essential role in Hungarian grammar as they replace nouns to avoid repetition and add clarity to sentences. Understanding the different types of pronouns and their usage is crucial for effective communication. In this section, we will explore the various categories of pronouns in the Hungarian language.

Personal Pronouns[edit | edit source]

Personal pronouns are used to refer to specific people or objects. In Hungarian, personal pronouns have different forms depending on their grammatical case, number, and person. Let's take a look at the personal pronouns in Hungarian:

Hungarian Pronunciation English
Én [eːn] I
Te [tɛ] You (singular)
Ő [øː] He/She/It
Mi [mi] We
Ti [ti] You (plural)
Ők [øːk] They

As you can see, personal pronouns in Hungarian have distinct forms depending on the subject of the sentence. It is important to note that the pronoun "Ő" can refer to both he, she, or it, depending on the context. Let's see some examples:

  • Én szeretem a könyveket. (I love books.)
  • Te magyar vagy? (Are you Hungarian?)
  • Ő a tanár. (He/She is the teacher.)
  • Mi Budapesten élünk. (We live in Budapest.)
  • Ti jó barátok vagytok. (You are good friends.)
  • Ők szeretik az állatokat. (They love animals.)

Demonstrative Pronouns[edit | edit source]

Demonstrative pronouns are used to point out specific people or objects. In Hungarian, there are three main demonstrative pronouns: "ez" (this), "az" (that), and "amaz" (that over there). These pronouns also change their form based on case, number, and gender. Let's see the different forms of demonstrative pronouns in Hungarian:

Hungarian Pronunciation English
ez [ɛz] this
az [ɑz] that
amaz [ɑmɑz] that over there

Here are some examples of demonstrative pronouns in sentences:

  • Ez az autó új. (This car is new.)
  • Az asztal barna. (That table is brown.)
  • Amaz könyvek drágák. (Those books over there are expensive.)

Interrogative Pronouns[edit | edit source]

Interrogative pronouns are used to ask questions about people or objects. In Hungarian, there are several interrogative pronouns, each serving a specific purpose. Let's take a look at some of the most commonly used interrogative pronouns:

  • Ki? - Who?
  • Mit? - What?
  • Melyik? - Which?
  • Hány? - How many?
  • Miért? - Why?
  • Hogyan? - How?

Here are some examples of interrogative pronouns in sentences:

  • Ki az új diák? (Who is the new student?)
  • Mit csinálsz? (What are you doing?)
  • Melyik könyvet választod? (Which book are you choosing?)
  • Hány éves vagy? (How old are you?)
  • Miért szereted a zenét? (Why do you love music?)
  • Hogyan jutok el a boltba? (How do I get to the store?)

Reflexive Pronouns[edit | edit source]

Reflexive pronouns are used to indicate that the subject is also the object of the sentence. In Hungarian, reflexive pronouns are formed by adding the suffix "-sa" or "-sé" to the possessive pronoun. Here are the reflexive pronouns in Hungarian:

Hungarian Pronunciation English
magam [mɑgɑm] myself
magad [mɑgɑd] yourself
maga [mɑgɑ] himself/herself/itself
magunk [mɑguŋk] ourselves
magatok [mɑgɑtok] yourselves
maguk [mɑguk] themselves

Here are some examples of reflexive pronouns in sentences:

  • Mosakodom. (I am washing myself.)
  • Fogat mosol. (You are brushing your teeth.)
  • A macska mosakszik. (The cat is washing itself.)
  • Megmosakodunk. (We are washing ourselves.)
  • Megmosakodtok. (You are washing yourselves.)
  • A kutyák mosakszanak. (The dogs are washing themselves.)

Indefinite Pronouns[edit | edit source]

Indefinite pronouns are used to refer to nonspecific people or objects. In Hungarian, there are several indefinite pronouns, each serving a different purpose. Let's take a look at some of the most commonly used indefinite pronouns:

  • valaki - someone
  • senki - no one
  • mindenki - everyone
  • valami - something
  • semmi - nothing
  • minden - everything

Here are some examples of indefinite pronouns in sentences:

  • Valaki kopog az ajtón. (Someone is knocking on the door.)
  • Senki nem tudja a választ. (No one knows the answer.)
  • Mindenki szereti a süteményt. (Everyone likes the cake.)
  • Valami furcsát érzek. (I feel something strange.)
  • Semmit nem csinálok ma. (I am not doing anything today.)
  • Mindent megteszek érted. (I will do everything for you.)

Possessives[edit | edit source]

Possessives indicate ownership or possession in a sentence. In Hungarian, possessives are formed by adding suffixes to the noun. The suffixes change depending on the case, number, and definiteness of the noun. Let's explore the different possessive forms in Hungarian.

Singular Possessives[edit | edit source]

In Hungarian, singular possessives have different forms depending on the noun's gender and definiteness. Let's take a look at the different forms of singular possessives:

Hungarian Pronunciation English
a kutya (the dog) a kutya the dog's
a macska (the cat) a macska the cat's

Here are some examples of singular possessives in sentences:

  • A kutya farka. (The dog's tail.)
  • A macska eteti a kiscicát. (The cat feeds the kitten.)

Plural Possessives[edit | edit source]

Plural possessives in Hungarian are formed by adding suffixes to the noun, similar to singular possessives. The suffixes change depending on the noun's gender and definiteness. Let's see the different forms of plural possessives:

Hungarian Pronunciation English
a kutyák (the dogs) a kutyák the dogs'
a macskák (the cats) a macskák the cats'

Here are some examples of plural possessives in sentences:

  • A kutyák labdája. (The dogs' ball.)
  • A macskák játéka. (The cats' toy.)

Possessive Pronouns[edit | edit source]

Possessive pronouns are used to indicate ownership without the need for a separate noun. In Hungarian, possessive pronouns have different forms depending on the case, number, and definiteness. Let's take a look at the possessive pronouns in Hungarian:

Hungarian Pronunciation English
az én (mine) ɑz eːn mine
a te (yours) ɑ tɛ yours
az ő (his/hers/its) ɑz øː his/hers/its
a mi (ours) ɑ mi ours
a ti (yours) ɑ ti yours
az ők (theirs) ɑz øːk theirs

Here are some examples of possessive pronouns in sentences:

  • Ez az én könyvem. (This is my book.)
  • A te autód gyors. (Your car is fast.)
  • Az ő háza nagy. (His/Her/Its house is big.)
  • Ez a mi kertünk. (This is our garden.)
  • A ti kutyátok aranyos. (Your dog is cute.)
  • Az ők macskájuk fekete. (Their cat is black.)

Cultural Section[edit | edit source]

Hungarian culture is rich and diverse, and pronouns and possessives play a significant role in everyday conversations. It is interesting to note that Hungarian has a formal and informal way of addressing people, similar to many other languages. The informal pronoun "te" is used when addressing friends, family members, or people of the same age or lower social status. On the other hand, the formal pronoun "ön" is used to show respect or when addressing someone older or of higher social status.

In Hungarian culture, it is common to address strangers or people you meet for the first time using the formal pronoun "ön" until you establish a closer relationship. This demonstrates politeness and respect for the other person. However, once a closer relationship is formed, it is common to switch to the informal pronoun "te" to express familiarity and friendship.

Hungarian possessives are also used to indicate family relationships. For example, when referring to family members, possessives are often used to indicate the relationship. For instance, "anyukám" means "my mom," and "apád" means "your dad." This usage of possessives adds warmth and intimacy to conversations and reflects the importance of family bonds in Hungarian culture.

Exercises[edit | edit source]

Now it's time to practice what you have learned! Complete the following exercises to reinforce your understanding of pronouns and possessives in Hungarian.

Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate pronoun or possessive pronoun.

1. ____ szeretem a zenét. 2. ____ vagy a legjobb barátom. 3. ____ a kutyája nagyon aranyos. 4. ____ tanulok magyarul. 5. ____ könyvet ajánlasz? 6. ____ szeretek a természetben sétálni.

Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences using possessive pronouns instead of possessive nouns.

1. A házam piros. 2. A könyvek az asztalodon vannak. 3. A macskája nagy. 4. A gyerekek játékai a szobában vannak.

Exercise 3: Translate the following sentences into Hungarian.

1. This is my car. 2. Are these your shoes? 3. His hat is black. 4. Our house is big. 5. Their dogs are friendly.

Solutions[edit | edit source]

Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate pronoun or possessive pronoun.

1. Én szeretem a zenét. 2. Te vagy a legjobb barátom. 3. Ő a kutyája nagyon aranyos. 4. Én tanulok magyarul. 5. Mit könyvet ajánlasz? 6. Én szeretek a természetben sétálni.

Exercise 2: Rewrite the following sentences using possessive pronouns instead of possessive nouns.

1. Az enyém piros. 2. A tiéd az asztalodon vannak. 3. Az övé nagy. 4. A mieink a szobában vannak.

Exercise 3: Translate the following sentences into Hungarian.

1. Ez az én autóm. 2. A ti cipőitek ezek? 3. Az ő kalapja fekete. 4. A mi házunk nagy. 5. Az ő kutyáik barátságosak.

Conclusion[edit | edit source]

Congratulations! You have successfully completed the lesson on pronouns and possessives in Hungarian. You have learned about personal pronouns, demonstrative pronouns, interrogative pronouns, reflexive pronouns, indefinite pronouns, singular possessives, plural possessives, and possessive pronouns. You have also explored some cultural aspects related to pronouns and possessives in Hungarian conversations.

Continue practicing and using pronouns and possessives in your everyday conversations to strengthen your understanding and fluency in Hungarian. Remember to pay attention to the different forms and endings of pronouns and possessives based on gender, number, and case.

In the next lesson, we will dive into the world of Hungarian vocabulary, focusing on greetings, courtesies, and common expressions. Join us as we explore essential words and phrases for polite and friendly interactions in Hungarian culture.

Table of Contents - Hungarian Course - 0 to A1[edit source]


Greetings and Introductions


Pronouns and Verb Conjugation


Numbers and Time


Questions and Negation


Family and Relationships


Adjectives and Adverbs


Food and Dining


Prepositions and Location


Travel and Transportation


Hungarian Customs and Traditions


Possessive Pronouns and Plurals


Hobbies and Leisure Activities


Hungarian History and Geography


Sources[edit | edit source]


Other Lessons[edit | edit source]