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Revision as of 22:28, 2 April 2023
| ◀️ Numbers 1-20 — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Descriptive Adjectives ▶️ |
Introduction
In this lesson, we will be learning how to tell time in Western Frisian. Telling time is an essential aspect of daily life, and it's crucial to be able to tell the time in the language you're learning. Mastering how to read and express the time enables you to communicate effectively during appointments and meetings, catch a train or a bus, meet friends, or plan lunchtime.
In this article, you will learn how to tell time, how to express the hour, minutes, and seconds, and how to use Frisian vocabulary related to time.
After mastering this lesson, these related pages might interest you: How to Say Hello and Greetings & Clothes.
Telling Time in Frisian
Telling the time in Frisian is relatively simple once you get the hang of it. To read the time aloud, you need to follow three basic rules:
First rule: Hours from 1 to 12 are expressed using the ordinal numbers (eerste, twadde, tredde, fjirde, fyfde, seisde, sânde, achtste, njoggende, tsjienste, alve, tolve).
Second rule: To express the minutes, use the cardinal number representing the minute time value. In Frisian, there is no "o'clock." Instead, "precies" or "krekt" meaning "exactly" is used.
Third rule: Add "oere" which means "hours" and "minuten" which means "minutes" to the end of the sentence to indicate that you're talking about time.
Take a look at the table below to get an overview of how to tell time in Frisian.
| Time | Frisian sentence | Pronunciation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8:00 | it is acht oere precies | it is acht ooruh prey-siss | it is exactly eight o'clock |
| 6:15 | it is kwart oer seis | it is k-wart or seis | it is quarter past six |
| 3:30 | it is healwei fjouwer | it is hayl-vEi fyoh-wur | it is half past three |
| 2:45 | it is kwart foar trije | it is k-wart four tree-yuh | it is quarter to three |
The Frisian language uses both 24-hour and 12-hour clocks. Be aware that when using the 12-hour clock, the clock hands distinguish between the morning hours (AM) and the afternoon/evening hours (PM).
Expressions for AM and PM
In Frisian, to distinguish between the morning and afternoon/evening, clocks use AM and PM, which are translated into "moarns" (morning) and "jûns" (evening).
To indicate if you are talking about the morning, add "moarns" at the end of your phrase. To indicate you are talking about the afternoon/evening hours, add "jûns." When using the 24-hour clock, the "jûns" is not needed.
Take a look at the table below for more clarity.
| Time | Frisian sentence | Pronunciation | English Translation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10:00 AM | it is tsien oere moarns | it is tsee-uhn ooruh moh-arns | it is ten o'clock in the morning |
| 2:00 PM | it is twa oere yn de middei | it is twa ooruh in deh mih-duy | it is two o'clock in the afternoon |
| 6:00 PM | it is seis oere jûns | it is seis ooruh joo-ns | it is six o'clock in the evening |
| 11:00 PM | it is alve oere jûns | it is ahl-vuh oruh joo-ns | it is eleven o'clock at night |
The Word 'Precies'
When we read a clock, "precies" (exactly) or "krekt" (precisely) indicate the exact minute or time. We use this word to emphasize that the time we are saying is precise and accurate.
Take a look at some examples:
- It is trije oere precies (It is exactly three o'clock)
- It is acht oere krekt (It is exactly eight o'clock)
Using 'Foar' and 'Oer'
To say the time in the future or past, we use "foar" and "oer."
The word "foar" means "to" or "before." We use "foar" when the minute hand is pointing to quarter to, ten to, or five to the hour.
The word "oer" means "after." We use "oer" when the minute hand is pointing to five past, ten past, quarter past, twenty past, twenty-five past, half-past, twenty-five to, twenty to, ten to, or quarter to the hour.
Take a look at some examples:
- Kwart oer fjouwer (quarter past three)
- Twa oere foar fyftjin (two o'clock and fifteen minutes to - 1.45 PM)
- Seis oere oer tsien (six o'clock and ten minutes past - 10.10 PM)
Practice Exercise
Practice by answering the following questions about the time:
- What is the time? It is achtenwei kertier oer fiif
- What is the time? It is healwei tolve
- What is the time? It is fyftjin oer sânen
- What is the time? It is krekt acht oere jûns
- What is the time? It is kwart oer acht
Conclusion
In this lesson, you learned how to tell time in Western Frisian. It's not complicated once you get the hang of it. It is essential to pay attention to the word order and the Frisian numbers, and there are plenty of opportunities to practice your new knowledge.
By now, you progress through the different topics of this course, and this knowledge will be useful as you progress further. Keep practicing, and before you know it, you will be able to tell time quickly and flawlessly in Frisian!
Excellent job on conquering this lesson! Consider delving into these related pages: Numbers 1 20 & Fruits.
Other Lessons
- Geography
- Express Surprise
- Animals
- Days of the Week
- Drinks
- Common Greetings
- Food
- Family Members
- Seasons and Months
- Fruits
Sources
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| ◀️ Numbers 1-20 — Previous Lesson | Next Lesson — Descriptive Adjectives ▶️ |